Module 4 - SET A

Question 1

biophysical techniques provide information about

Answer 1

electronic structure
size
shape
dynamics
polarity
mode of interaction of biological molecules

Question 2

methods for gaining information about biological systems

Answer 2

biophysical techniques

Question 3

methods to study the structure, properties, dynamics or function of biomolecules at an atomic or molecular level

Answer 3

biophysical techniques

Question 4

include experimental and computational methods, approaches, protocols, and tools for biological research

Answer 4

biophysical techniques

Question 5

involve either the development of novel techniques to investigate the structure, properties, and biological functions of biomolecules or the application of these techniques to monitor how the structure and dynamics of biomolecules enables specific biological functions

Answer 5

biophysical techniques

Question 6

What are the objective to study a single technique or application?

Answer 6

1. to research and better understand the physical principles underlying the technique
2. to work toward extending the technique’s abilities

Question 7

What are the two major categories of Biophysical techniques?

Answer 7

Preparative techniques
Analytical techniques

Question 8

purify or isolate biological specimens (organisms, cells, and molecules) or otherwise get them ready for use in some other process or further experimentation

Answer 8

preparative techniques

Question 9

used to measure physical aspects (energy, pressure, volume, length, stress) of a biological system.

Answer 9

Analytical techniques

Question 10

True or False: Many biophysical techniques fall into both categories at the same time

Answer 10

True

Question 11

machine used to spin a sample of material around in circles

Answer 11

centrifuge

Question 12

True or False: The circular motion from centrifuge places a force on the sample. The force is similar to, but typically much larger than the force of gravity

Answer 12

True

Question 13

True or False: The force from centrifuge is much smaller than the force of gravity

Answer 13

False

Question 14

centrifuge specially designed to spin at an extremely high rate of speed

Answer 14

ultracentrifugation

Question 15

true or false: some ultracentrifuges can exert forces as much as 1 million times that of gravity

Answer 15

true

Question 16

Centrifuges operate on the principle of _______

Answer 16

sedimentation

Question 17

describes the motion of particles in a fluid under the application of force

Answer 17

sedimentation

Question 18

Sedimentation rate of a particle depends on:

Answer 18

force
density of the fluid
size and density (or concentration of the particles of fluid

Question 19

True or False: Applying a force stronger than gravity can decrease sedimentation rate

Answer 19

False

sedimentation rate increases if force greater than gravity is applied

Question 20

convenient technique for separating molecules of different sizes

Answer 20

ultracentrifugation

Question 21

True or False: Ultracentrifugation is used as both a preparative and an analytical technique

Answer 21

True

Question 22

vesicles or cellular components that exist outside of a cell

Answer 22

exosomes

Question 23

contains special optical devices and sensors that can track the movement of molecules as they are being centrifuged

Answer 23

analytical ultracentrifuge

Question 24

used to detect conformational transitions and to determine the number of subunits making up a molecular complex

Answer 24

analytical centrifuge

Question 25

can calculate the size and approximate shape of the molecules

Answer 25

physics of sedimentation formulas

Question 26

spins the suspension around a central axis, producing centrifugal force, which causes the suspended particles to collect as a pellet in the tube bottom

Answer 26

centrifuge

Question 27

applies electric current to biological molecules

Answer 27

electrophoresis

Question 27

laboratory technique used to separate DNA, RNA, or protein molecules based on their size and electrical charge

Answer 27

electrophoresis

Question 28

an electric current is used to move molecules to be separated through a gel

Answer 28

electrophoresis

Question 29

True or False: In electrophoresis, the pores work like a sieve, allowing smaller molecules to move faster than larger molecules.

Answer 29

True

Question 30

True or False: Electrophoresis relies on the principle of sedimentation

Answer 30

True

Question 31

the force results from an electric field applied to electrically charged particles or molecules

Answer 31

Electrophoresis

Question 32

common type of electrophoresis

Answer 32

gel electrophoresis

Question 33

fluid that has a molecular structure that gives it properties similar to a solid

Answer 33

gel

Question 34

True or False: Larger molecules are easily obstructed than smaller molecules.

Answer 34

True

Question 35

What affects sedimentation in gel electrophoresis

Answer 35

density of the gel size and shape of molecules charge of molecules

Question 36

True or False: molecules with more charge will experience a weaker force generated by the electric field

Answer 36

False | stronger force

Question 37

enables separation, identification, and purification of the components of a mixture for qualitative and quantitative analysis

Answer 37

chromatography

Question 38

Who was the Russian botanist who coined the term chromatography?

Answer 38

Mikhail Tswett

Question 40

The first analytical use of chromatography was described by

Answer 40

James and Martin (1952)

Question 41

first analytical use of chromatography

Answer 41

analysis of fatty acid mixtures

Question 42

powerful separation tool that is used in all branches of science and is often the only means of separating components from complex mixtures

Answer 42

Chromatography

Question 43

principles of chromatography

Answer 43

stationary phase and mobile phase

Question 44

Three components of the basis of the chromatography technique

Answer 44

stationary phase mobile phase separated molecules

Question 45

this phase is always composed of a 'solid' phase or a layer of a liquid adsorbed on the surface solid support

Answer 45

stationary phase

Question 46

this phase is always composed of 'liquid' or a 'gaseous' component

Answer 46

mobile phase

Question 47

basic component effective on the separation of molecules from each other

Answer 47

stationary phase mobile phase substance contained in mixture

Question 48

Application of Chromatography

Answer 48

Pharmaceutical sector Chemical Industry Food Industry Forensic Science Molecular Biology Studies

Question 49

technique that relies on sedimentation and is a type of partition chromatography applied to isolate molecules with different molecular sizes

Answer 49

size exclusion chromatography

Question 50

uses gravity or sometimes pressure to sediment a solution through a gel

Answer 50

Size exclusion chromatography

Question 51

True or False: SEC gels are one solid piece of gel

Answer 51

False: gels are tightly packed suspension of gels

Question 52

True or False: In Size Exclusion Chromatography, large molecules pass through faster than smaller molecules

Answer 52

True