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FINALS! BIOPHYSICS LECTURE > MODULE 5: ENERGY AND LIFE > Flashcards

MODULE 5: ENERGY AND LIFE Flashcards

1
Q

deals with the relationships between heat and other forms of energy

A

THERMODYNAMICS

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2
Q

Laws of Thermodynamics

A

First Law of Thermodynamics
Second Law of Thermodynamics
Third Law of Thermodynamics
Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics

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3
Q

Who first used the word thermodynamic?

A

William Thomson (Lord Kelvin)

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4
Q

therme (Gr.) means

A

heat

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5
Q

dynamis (Gr.)

A

power

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6
Q

quantity of fixed mass under investigation

A

Thermodynamic system

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7
Q

everything external to the system

A

SURROUNDINGS

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8
Q

interface separating system and surroundings

A

SYSTEM BOUNDARY

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9
Q

combination of system and surroundings

A

UNIVERSE

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10
Q

What cross into the system?

A

HEAT

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11
Q

What cross out the system?

A

WORK

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12
Q

Closed System

A

With heat
With work
No mass

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13
Q

Open System

A

With heat
With Mass
With Work

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14
Q

Isolated System

A

No Heat
No Mass
No Work

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15
Q

Adiabatic System

A

No Mass
No Heat
With Work

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16
Q

present status of the system described in terms of macroscopic properties, such as pressure, temperature, volume, no. of moles

A

STATE OF THE SYSTEM

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17
Q

Characteristics by which the physical condition of the system is described

A

PROPERTIES OF THE SYSTEM

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18
Q

Properties of the system that depend on mass or quantity of the system

A

Extensive Properties of the System

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19
Q

Properties do not depend on the quantity of matter of the system

A

Intensive Properties of the System

20
Q

Extensive Properties

A

Mass, Volume, Enthalpy, Entropy, Internal Energy

21
Q

Intensive Properties

A

temperature
freezing point
boiling point
specific volume
density

22
Q

isothermal
isobaric
isochoric

A

constant temperature
constant pressure
constant volume

23
Q

state or condition with no spontaneous changes with respect to time

A

equilibrium

24
Q

property of an object related to the average kinetic energy of atoms and molecules in that object

A

TEMPERATURE

25
Q

heat exchange happens in

A

thermal contact

26
Q

no net exchange of energy

A

thermal equilibrium

27
Q

device calibrated to measure the temperature of an object

A

thermometer

28
Q

Scale used mostly in scientific and technical work

A

KELVIN

29
Q

What are the major difference between the temperature scales

A

size of their basic unit (degree)
temperature that refers to zero

30
Q

lower limit of temperature which all the energy possible has been removed from the molecules

A

ABSOLUTE ZERO

31
Q

Conversion of Celsius to Fahrenheit

A
  • F = 9/5 (C) + 32
32
Q

Conversion of Fahrenheit

A
  • C = 5/9 (F - 32)
33
Q

Conversion to Kelvin

A

K = C + 273.15

34
Q

If objects A and B are separately in thermal equilibrium with a thrid object C, then A and B are in thermal equilibrium with each other.

A

ZEROTH LAW THERMODYNAMICS

35
Q

transferred between a system and its environment because of temperature difference that exists between them

A

HEAT

36
Q

Temperature difference is also called

A

TEMPERATURE GRADIENT

37
Q

BASIC UNIT OF HEAT

A

JOULE

38
Q

Amount of heat that it takes to increase the temperature of 1g of water 1C degree at 15 degree Celsius.

A

Calorie

39
Q

1 cal = Joules

A

4.186 Joules

40
Q

1Kcal = Joules

A

4186 Joules

41
Q

Amount of heat transferred (Q)

A

Q = mcΔT

m = mass
c = specific capacity
ΔT = Final T. - Initial T.

42
Q

Methods of Heat Transfer:

Two objects that are touching each other. Collisions between small particles allow fast moving, or vibrating, particles to give some of their microscopic kinetic energy to slower particles.

A

CONDUCTION

43
Q

Methods of Heat Transfer

caused by moving fluids, where particles can mix together, move faster, and spread out, thus distributing their thermal energy

A

CONVECTION

44
Q

occurs without the movement of matter; made of EM waves given off by moving particles; absorbed by materials

A

RADIATION

45
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

ALL TEMPERATURE CHANGES NEED NOT BE DUE TO HEAT ALONE

A

TRUE

46
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

ALL HEAT INTERACTION NEED NOT RESULT IN CHANGES IN TEMPERATURE

A

TRUE

FINALS! BIOPHYSICS LECTURE (2 decks)

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