Module 5.2 Excavators Flashcards

(32 cards)

1
Q

Excavator (diggers, track hoes, crawlers)

A

STANDARD HOE

FRONT SHOVEL

TELESCOPING BOOM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Excavators (3 running systems)

A

TRACKED

WHEELED

TRUCK - MOUNTED

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Primary machine applications (Telescoping Boom)

A

DITCH CUTTING, SHAPING & CLEANING

SIDE SLOPING

FINISH GRADING

PLACING RIPRAP

RIPPING PAVEMENT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Considerations when choosing Hydraulic Excavator

A

SIZE AND CAPACITY

TRACTION CAPABILITIES

THE MEANS OF LOCOMOTION

MANEUVERABILITY

STABILITY

WORK SITE CONDITIONS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Truck-Mounted Excavator

A

FLAT, STABLE SURFACES

SEPARATE ENGINES & CABS

360 DEGREES ROTATION AFFECTED BY TRUCK CAB

CAN TRAVEL ON ROADS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Wheeled Excavator

A

STABLE, BUT ROUGHER TERRAIN

REQUIRES OUTRIGGERS FOR STABILITY

CAN ROTATE 360 DEGREES

CAN TRAVEL ON ROADS (SLOW SPEEDS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Track - Mounted Excavator

A

MOST COMMON EXCAVATOR

ROUGH TO VERY ROUGH TERRAIN

CAN ROTATE 360 DEGREES

HAS TO BE TRANSPORTED ON TRAILER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Track - Mounted Excavator

A

FLOTATION

TRACTION

MANEUVERABILITY

SEVERE SOIL CONDITIONS

FASTER DIGGING

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Wheel-mounted excavator

A

MOBILITY AND SPEED

LESS PAVEMENT DAMAGE

BETTER STABILITY WITH OUTRIGGERS

LEVELLING MACHINE WITH OUTRIGGERS

USABLE FOR BACKFILLING & REPOSITIONING TRENCH BOXES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Excavator Sizes

A

MICRO MACHINES

COMPACT MACHINES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

When choosing an excavator for your projects, assess:

A

VOLUME OF WORK - DRAWINGS

TYPE OF WORK - SPECIFICATIONS

DURATION OF WORK - SCHEDULE

EXISTING SITE CONDITIONS - CONSULTANT REPORTS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Excavator machine parts

A

DRIVING BASE

UNDERCARRIAGE

DIGGING SYSTEM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Excavator Driving Bases

A

OPERATORS CAB

ENGINE

COUNTERWEIGHT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Undercarriage

A

TRACKS

TRACK FRAME

MOTOR & GEARS TO DRIVE TRACKS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Digging system

A

BOOM

STICK

BUCKET

HYDRAULIC CYLINDERS
- LIFT CYLINDERS
- STICK CYLINDERS
- BUCKET CYLINDERS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Maximize production: Match the blade to the work & the machine

A

EXCAVATING BUCKET

MASS EXCAVATION BUCKET

TRENCHING BUCKET

CLEAN - UP BUCKET

17
Q

Excavator attachments

A

RIPPERS

GRADING BLADES

GRAPPLES

THUMBS

DEMO SHEERS

PILE DRIVERS

HYDRAULIC BREAKERS

CUTTER HEADS

BOOM EXTENSIONS

18
Q

Excavator - Machine Standards

A

EXCAVATOR HYDRAULICS

FRONT SHOVELS

HOES

19
Q

Excavator hydraulics

A

ALL MOVEMENT AND FUNCTIONS OF AN EXCAVATOR ARE THROUGH THE USE OF THE HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

THIS SYSTEM ALLOWS FOR THE FLUID, CONTROLLED MOTION OF THE BOOM & STICK.

THE BENEFITS OF THE HYDRAULICS OPERATING SYSTEM ARE
FASTER CYCLE TIME
PRECISE CONTROL OF ATTACHMENTS

20
Q

Front Shovels

A

DESIGNED FOR MACHINE BALANCE IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE ANTICIPATED LOAD.

BUCKETS PROVIDE HIGHER DIGGING PRESSURES - BREAK - OUT FORCE

21
Q

Hoes

A

ACTION OF THE STICK & BUCKET CYCLINDERS OPTIMIZE THE PENETRATION FORCE AT THE BOTTOM OF THE STICKS ARC.

AT THIS POINT IN THE REACH THE HYDRAULIC CYLINDERS EXERT THE MAXIMUM FORCE DRAWING THE STICK IN AND CURLING THE BUCKET.

22
Q

Front Shovels - Digging motion & dimensions - Designed to dig above the tracks (385C FS)

A

STICK LENGTH - 3480 MM 11’5”

BOOM LENGHT - 4600 MM 15’1”

ROCK BUCKET - 5.2 M 17’1”

A. MAXIMUM REACH - 10 350 MM 33’11”

B. MAXIMUM REACH AT GROUND LEVEL - 9900 MM 32’6”

C. MAXIMUM LEVEL CROWD DISTANCE - 3290 MM 12’10”

D. MAXIMUM DIGGING DEPTH - 2840MM 9’4”

E. MAXIMUM DIGGING HEIGHT - 11 260MM 36’11”

F. MAXIMUM DUMP HEIGHT - 7430MM 24’5”

G. REACH AT MAXIMUM DUMP HEIGHT - 5690 MM 18’8”
BUCKET BREAKOUT FORCE (ISO) - 538 KN 121,050 LB
STICK BREAKOUT FORCE (ISO) - 429 KN - 96,530 LB

23
Q

Excavators - Digging Motion & Dimensions ( Designed to dig below the tracks)

A

A. MAXIMUM LOADING HEIGHT OF BUCKET WITH TEETH

B. MAXIMUM REACH AT GROUND LEVEL

C. MAXIMUM DIGGING DEPTH

D. MAXIMUM VERTICAL WALL

E. MAXIMUM DEPTH OF CUT FOR 2.44M (8’0’’) LEVEL BOTTOM (STRAIGHT CLEAN UP)

F. MAXIMUM BUCKET HINGE PIN HEIGHT

G. MAXIMUM HEIGHT, TO BUCKET TEETH AT HIGHEST ARC

24
Q

Excavator machine safety

A

TWO SWING DANGER ZONES

SWING RADIUS OF THE BOOM AND ATTACHMENT AT THE END OF THE STICK

THE RADIUS OF THE REAR ROTATING PLATFORM

25
Excavator Production
HEAPED CAPACITY STRUCK CAPACITY
26
Excavator Production (Factors to consider)
VOLUME OF A HEAPED BUCKET LOAD BUCKET FILL FACTOR CUT HEIGTH & ANGLE OF SWING WORKING CONDITIONS
27
Excavator Production (Production rate includes)
THE VOLUME OF MATERIAL PER LOAD THE NUMBER OF CYCLES PER HOUR FACTORS FOR EQUIPMENT EFFICIENCIES
28
Determine load per cycle
BUCKET SIZE
29
Determine fill factor
BUCKET FILL FACTOR
30
Calculate production
PRODUCTION = 60 MIN X BUCKET LOAD X FILL FACTOR / LOAD TIME + SWING + DUMP + RETURN
31
Efficiency Factors
NEED TO BE APPLIED TO THE PRODUCTION RATES
32
Factors that affect jon efficiencies include:
OPERATORS EXPERIENCE & MACHINE HANDLING OPERATORS BREAKS SITE MANAGEMENT JOBSITE LAYOUT & RESTRICTIONS CONDITION OF THE EQUIPMENT DIFFICULTY OF THE WORK