Module 6

Question 1

What is a macro nutrient?

Answer 1

Compounds which human consume in the largest quantities nd that provide the majority of the energy we require
-carbs-lipid/fat-proteins

Question 2

What is a micronutrient?

Answer 2

Compounds that are required in smaller amounts but are still essential to normal health growth and development
-vitamins -minerals

Question 3

Carbohydrates

Answer 3

-provide energy
-store glucose
-build macromolecules
-essential for proper functioning of the nervous system, heart and kidney
- spare protein and fat for other uses
- certain types are dietary fibres

Question 4

Lipids

Answer 4

• primary role is stoat energy
• serve as cell membranes
• surround and protect organs
  -temperature regulation
• includes essential fatty acids
  
  • essential: needed for health
  • essential: bodies cannot produce it ie must be consumed

Question 5

Proteins

Answer 5

• provide structural support( amino acids) for tissues and organs
• providing energy is NOT a major function
• conducting most chemical reactions

Question 6

Vitamins

Answer 6

-essential organic nutrients for normal development an functio
- must be obtained through diet
- 13 vitamins: C, A, D, E, K, B

Question 7

Minerals

Answer 7

-esenatil inorganic elements neede for development and function-originate in the earth
Must be eaten
Includes: copper, iron, manganese, calcium, potassium, sodium

Question 8

What is nutrient density?

Answer 8

Ratio of nutrient content to the total energy
- contain vitamins, minerals, carbs, protein, fats
- fruits and vegs, whole grains, seafood, lean meat, eggs, nuts

Question 9

What is there first law of thermodynamics?

Answer 9

Energy cannot be created or destroyed simply transformed

Es= energy storage
= energy intake-energy expenditure
= - # : weight loss
= + # : weight gain

Question 10

What is energy intake?

Answer 10

Energy is the total chemical energy contained in foods we eat
Found in carbs, protein and fats

Question 11

Energy expenditure

Answer 11

Measured in kcal/day
-average female:1400
-average male:1800

• VO2=WR x2 + 300
  Eg. WR is 500 kg-m/min. 5 kcal/L of O2 .If you want to know how long you should go to burn 390 kcal?
  VO2 = 1300 mL/min
  1.3 L/min= 5 kcal/L
  =6.5 kcal/min
  390/6.5 = 60 min

Question 12

What is body composition

Answer 12

1. Fat free mass: bone, muscle, connective tissue, non-fat elements of organs and water
2. Body fat mass
   - essential fat: body needs to function
   -non-essential: adipose tissue, found surrounding organs and belly and under the skin

Question 13

Methods used to determine Body composition

Answer 13

1. Bathroom scale
2. BMI
3. Waist circumference
4. Skin fold calipers ( biceps, chest, thigh, leg, abdominals)
5. Bio-electric impedance analysis (uses electric currents )
6. Dual x-ray absorptiometry
7. Densitometry: under water weighting

Question 14

What is the food guide?

Answer 14

• provide nutritional requirements into food choices
• intended to be a focal point for wartime nutrition to improve health of Canadians by maximizing nutrition and rationing food during a time of poverty
• needed to made to provide guidelines so people would be healthy, cause if more people were sick/had diabetes etc then health care expense would go through the roof

Question 15

What does the Guideline recommend?

Answer 15

• eat plenty fruits and vegs
• whole grain foods(quinoa, brown rice etc)
• plant based foods high in protein
• healthy snacks
• drink water

Question 16

What is on food labels?

Answer 16

-info about product
- serving size
- % of daily values : 5 is little 15 is a lot
- Marco and micro
-ingredients are listed in order of mass/volume
-all ingredients listed
- nutrition claims (source of fibre etc) must follow health guidelines
-may contain is a result of possible cross contamination of different products with common allergies