Module 6: Chemical Kinetics

Question 1

Study of the rates and mechanisms of chemical reactions

Answer 1

chemical kinetics

Question 2

deals with the absorption, distribution metabolism, and exclusion of drugs from biological systems

Answer 2

pharmacokinetics

Question 3

driven by reactants and products that in some cases are thermodynamically stable, yet or slow to proceed

Answer 3

Chemical reactions

Question 4

this type of chemical reaction occur in one phase

Answer 4

homogenous reaction

Question 5

this type of chemical reaction involves substances in two or more phases

Answer 5

Heterogeneous reactions

Question 6

change in concentration over by necessary for our reaction to take place

Answer 6

Reaction rate

Question 7

deals with the speed at which the concentration of either the reactant or the product changes over a specified time

Answer 7

Reaction rate

Question 8

The whole of the act always ______ overtime to yield the desired product

Answer 8

decreases

Question 9

the rate of the composition of the reactants must be equal to the rate of

Answer 9

formation of products

Question 10

it refers to the change in the concentration of either the reactant or the product at any particular time

Answer 10

Instantaneous rate of reaction

Question 11

The instant rate of the action can be determined by

Answer 11

obtaining the slope of the tangential line drawn in the concentration curve at the given time

Question 12

this refers to the rate at the start of the reaction (t = 0)

Answer 12

Initial rate of the reaction

Question 13

rates of your reactions are measured based on the

Answer 13

Change in concentration of a substance

Question 14

this entail measuring a physical property of the reactants or products overtime

Answer 14

Physical method

Question 15

requires the use of analytical equipment

Answer 15

chemical methods

Question 16

at every withdrawal of the sample, the reaction is allowed to slow down by the addition of a

Answer 16

Catalyst or by dilution of the reaction system

Question 17

it is performed by mixing the reactants in a closed vessel

Answer 17

Static method

Question 18

by allowing the reactants to flow into a vessel and letting the products flow out of the vessel

Answer 18

flow method

Question 19

The flow method is widely used in

Answer 19

Industrial applications

Question 20

this factor directly affects the rate of the reaction, which will be taken into consideration in the discussion of rate laws

Answer 20

Concentration of the reactants

Question 21

The rate of chemical acts generally increase with an increase in

Answer 21

temperature

Question 22

he established the relationship of temperature with the rate of reaction through the equation and when did he establish this

Answer 22

Svante Arrhenius, 1889

Question 23

greater activation energy, the _______ the dependence of the reaction rate on changes in temperature

Answer 23

Stronger

Question 24

higher activation energy is reflective of a

Answer 24

Slow chemical reaction

Question 25

A chemical reaction is ________, which means the reactants may form into products, and overtime, products may react to give back the reactants

Answer 25

reversible

Question 26

The rate of the forward reaction toward the product side is equal to the

Answer 26

Rate of the backward action toward the reactant side

Question 27

it is an equation, describing the rate of reaction as influenced by concentration at a given time

Answer 27

Rate Law

Question 28

The power to reach the concentration of a single substance is raised in the rate law

Answer 28

Order

Question 29

Type of rate that depicts the dependence of the rate of the reaction on concentration

Answer 29

Differential rate law

Question 30

type of rate law that shows the changes in concentration over time

Answer 30

integrated rate law

Question 31

an ______ occurs if the equilibrium constant is very large or if the kinetic studies involved initial rates only

Answer 31

Irreversible reaction

Question 32

This reaction is normally describe those reactions that would be occur on metal surfaces

Answer 32

Zero-order Reactions

Question 33

This technique measures the initial rate by performing several trials

Answer 33

Method of Initial Rates

Question 34

The ________ of a chemical reaction is composed of elementary steps that lead to the overall reaction

Answer 34

Reaction Mechanism

Question 35

Reactions whose rate law can be expressed from the molecularity of the reaction

Answer 35

Elementary Steps

Question 36

Pertains to the number of particles that must collide to react and be able to yield the product initiated in each elementary step

Answer 36

Molecularity

Question 37

Type of elementary step that involves one molecule in the reaction

Answer 37

Unimolecular Elementary Step

Question 38

refers to the substance that is neither are nor a product but is formed and utilize during the reactions, and hence does not appear in the overall chemical equation

Answer 38

Intermediate

Question 39

capitalizes on the assumption that the rate of formation of the intermediate is equal to the rate of its composition as such, the concentration of the intermediate is assumed to be constant as the reaction proceeds

Answer 39

Steady-state Approximation

Question 40

It is the slowest step among the series of elementary steps describing a multistep reaction

Answer 40

Rate-determining Step

Question 41

This accounts for the observed Arrhenius behavior of a gas phase bimolecular reaction

Answer 41

Collision Theory

Question 42

it is the minimum amount of energy that is required by a given chemical reaction to yield the desired products

Answer 42

Activation Energy

Question 43

Usually added to speed up the rate of the reaction without being consumed in the reaction

Answer 43

Catalyst

Question 44

It is present in different face and important in manufacturing, industry and chemicals that employee processes such as polymerization oil, cracking and hydrogenation

Answer 44

Heterogenous Catalyst

Question 45

process in which a substance is introduced on the surface of another substance

Answer 45

Absorption

Question 46

the enzymes acts up a molecule called a ______ and binds on an active site to form the enzyme-substrate complex

Answer 46

substrate

Question 47

Proteins that catalyze many biochemical reactions

Answer 47

Enzymes

Question 48

Proteins that catalyze many biochemical reactions

Answer 48

enzymes