Module 6: Injury Management Flashcards
(59 cards)
Jackson’s theory of burns
Zone of coagulation (central)
Zone of stasis (middle)
Zone of hyperemia (outer)
Major burn criteria
Hands, feet, face, major joint, genitals, circumference
Full thickness >10% TBSA
Partial thick >25% (10-50yo) or >20% (<10 or >50yo)
Respiratory injury
Complicated by fx or trauma
High voltage
Chemical burns
Moderate burns criteria
Full thick 2-10% TBSA
Partial thick 15-25% TBSA (10-50yo) or 10-20% (<10 or >50yo)
Superficial >50% TBSA
Low voltage electrical
Major burn characteristics absent
Minor burn criteria
Full thick <2% TBSA
Partial thick <15% (10-50yo) or <10% (<10 or >50yo)
Superficial <50% TBSA
Major burn characteristics absent
Newton’s first law of motion
A body at rest stays at rest until it is acted on by an outside force
A body in motion stays in motion until it is acted on by an outside force.
Newton’s second law of motion
The force an object can exert is the product of its mass x acceleration
Multi-system trauma
Injuries that involve 2 or more body systems.
Blunt trauma
Injuries in which the tissues are not penetrated by an external object
Penetrating trauma
When tissues are penetrated by single or multiple objects
Deceleration injuries
Shearing, avulsing, rupturing of organs and restraining fascia, vasculature, nerves, and other soft tissue.
Flexion or extension of the body.
5 phases of motor vehicle collisions
1) deceleration of vehicle
2) deceleration of the occupant
3) deceleration of internal organs
4) secondary impacts
5) additional impacts.
5 types of impact patterns in MVCs
Frontal or head on
Lateral or side
Rear
Rotational
Rollover
Down-and-under pathway MVC
Occupant slides under the steering column.
Can cause injury to pelvis, hips, femurs, tibia, spine, ribs, cardiac and pulmonary.
Up-and-over pathway MVC
Torso moves upward and forward. Head impacts windshield, roof, mirror, or dash.
Can cause head, C spine, anterior neck trauma, ejection, lower body trauma, pneumothorax.
Revised trauma score
Best score possible is 12
Takes into account GCS, SBP, and RR.
Waddell triad
Vehicle-pedestrian injuries for children and short people.
1) bumper hits pelvis and femurs
2) chest and abdomen hit grille
3) head strikes the vehicle and ground.
Factors for severity of falls
Height
Position or orientation of body
Area which impact is distributed
Surface
Physical condition
Permanent cavity in GSW
Straight or irregular line that the bullet travels along
Pathway expansion in GSW
Tissue displacement that results from shock waves, causing cavitation.
5 causes of blast injury
Primary (due to blast wave itself)
Secondary (propelled fragments)
Tertiary (impact with an object)
Quarternary (burns, crush, toxins)
Quinary (long-term from CBRN additives)
Trauma lethal triad
Hypothermia
Coagulopathy
Acidosis
Approximate amount of blood in the human body
Male: 70ml/kg
Female: 65ml/kg
SAGER traction splint
10% of patients body weight in lbs up to maximum of 15lbs
Hemostatic gauze
Applied when direct pressure and TQ cannot control bleeding, or when bleeding is in an area that a TQ cannot be applied.
Packed inside wound. Provide direct pressure for 2 minutes afterwards
