Module 7

Question 1

What are objective findings?

Answer 1

Findings that can be measure observed or tested by an examiner

Question 2

What are subjective findings?

Answer 2

What the patient feels (what they complain of). Can also be measure but is based of patient perception

Question 3

Objective or Subjective: Neck disability index

Answer 3

Subjective

Question 4

Objective or Subjective: Imaging

Answer 4

Objective

Question 5

Objective or Subjective: Lab tests

Answer 5

Objective

Question 6

Objective or Subjective: Orthopedic tests

Answer 6

Objective

Question 7

Objective or Subjective: Verbal/ Visual analogue pain scales

Answer 7

Subjective

Question 8

Objective or Subjective: Low back index

Answer 8

Subjective

Question 9

Objective or Subjective: Neurological Tests

Answer 9

Objective

Question 10

Objective or Subjective: Visual Signs

Answer 10

Objective

Question 11

What are signs?

Answer 11

Objective evidence of a disease of condition
Can typically be recognized by the provider, patient or other

Question 12

What are symptoms?

Answer 12

Subjective component
What patient is feeling
Can only be detected by the patient

Question 13

Sign or Symptom: Tingling

Answer 13

Symptom

Question 14

Sign or Symptom: Pain

Answer 14

Symptom

Question 15

Sign or Symptom: Blood in the stool

Answer 15

Sign

Question 16

Sign or Symptom: Skeletal deformity

Answer 16

Sign

Question 17

Sign or Symptom: Yellow Sclera

Answer 17

Sign

Question 18

Sign or Symptom: Fatigue

Answer 18

Symptom

Question 19

(T/F) some conditions can be classified as both signs and symptoms

Answer 19

True
Rash, itches burns (symptom)
Rash is visibly recognized (sign)

Question 20

Sign or Symptom: Mild Headache

Answer 20

Symptom

Question 21

Sign or Symptom: Migraine

Answer 21

Both

Question 22

Sign or Symptom: Low Blood Sugar

Answer 22

Sign

Question 23

Sign or Symptom: Fever

Answer 23

Sign

Question 24

Qualify meaning

Answer 24

to put something in a category using a descriptive term
Color, texture, shape

Question 25

Quantify meaning

Answer 25

means to count something temperature, blood pressure, size, respiration rate

Question 26

What is Hurt?

Answer 26

The personal experience of an uncomfortable sensation The pain we feel

Question 27

What is harm?

Answer 27

Tissue or structural damage to the body Associated with the perception of "hurt"

Question 28

HARM IS TYPICALLY ACCOMPAIEND BY HURT, BUT NOT ALL HURT MEANS THERE IS HARM

Answer 28

...

Question 29

What is pain?

Answer 29

The sensation arising from perceived nociception

Question 30

What is suffering?

Answer 30

Emotional, behavioral, and cognitive responses to pain and to the problems associated with pain and injury

Question 31

What are the 3 pain types

Answer 31

1. Somatic 2. Referred Pain 3. Radicular Pain

Question 32

What is somatic pain

Answer 32

Arising from stimulation of nerve endings in a bone, joint, ligament, or muscle

Question 33

What is referred pain?

Answer 33

Perceived in a region innervated by nerves other than those that innervate the actual source of pain

Question 34

What is radicular pain

Answer 34

Pain that arises from irritation of a spinal nerve or its roots

Question 35

What are the 6 neurological reflex connections

Answer 35

Somato-Visceral Viscero- Somatic Somato- Somatic Viscero- Visceral Psycho- Visceral Psycho- Somatic

Question 36

What is Somato-Visceral Reflex

Answer 36

The neruomusculoskeletal system effect on an organ Ex. acute LBP and spasm of muscle of lower intestine may also spasm and cause constipation

Question 37

What is Viscero- Somatic Reflex

Answer 37

Visceral issue result in increase MSK tension Visceral referred pain patters Ex. Gallbladder dysfunction referring to the right scap/ shoulder region; Heart refer to chest pain, jaw pain, arm pain

Question 38

What are some things to look for in order to identify if the MSK pain could be due to underlying visceral condition?

Answer 38

Not reproducible Constant pain Fever, chills Primarily at night Unexplained weight loss History Change in bowel or bladder habits

Question 39

What is Somato- Somatic Reflex

Answer 39

between two somatic structures hot stove reflex nociception from bones, ligaments, joint fascia may create muscle fibers that result in tightness or pain

Question 40

What is Viscero- Visceral Reflex

Answer 40

Surgical repair may see reflex response to other visceral response Not general approach

Question 41

What is Psycho- Visceral Reflex

Answer 41

Emotion of psychological cause Ex. Stress leads to increase acid in stomach

Question 42

What is Psycho- Somatic Reflex

Answer 42

Cause by mental or emotional stress rather than physical illness MSK symptoms due to a mental or emotional disorder Mood, mental health --> headache, back pain, neck pain

Question 43

Which reflex is this: patient present to your office with diffuse low back pain, worse on the right side. Upon further questioning they note the pain is worse with urination. You perform an exam and suspect they may have a kidney stone/

Answer 43

Viscero- Somatic Kidney refer to back

Question 44

Which reflex is this: Student has 12 exams this week and just broke up with their significant other. They present to your office with upper back and neck pain with headaches.

Answer 44

Psycho- Somatic

Question 45

Which reflex is this: Patient has LBP that is localized to L3/4 facet join on left side and is provoked with motion palpation of the joint. You also note that there is hypertonicity in the let paraspinal musculature.

Answer 45

Somato- Somatic