Module 7 - Anxiety Disorders Flashcards
(39 cards)
What is the difference between Fear and Anxiety
Fear:
Is a biological response to a real threat
Anxiety/worry
Is a response to the anticipation of a future threat
What are the characteristics of GAD
- The most common anxiety disorder Characterized by a global and persistent feeling of anxiety
- Unable to control worry - Interferes with daily functioning
3.Symptoms -
sweating, dizziness, shortness of breath
insomnia, restlessness, muscle aches
What is the prevalence rate of GAD
3% general population
6% sometime during lifetime
Generally appears in early childhood/teens
females more likely to experience
What is the prevalence rate of specific phobia
7-9% US population 5% children 16% teens 2:1 ratio of women to men Females: Animals, natural envir., situational Males/females: blood, injection, injury
What is agoraphobia
Fear experienced when leaving home and traveling to public places - where escape is difficult such as a closed space, a large crowd, a bridge, tunnels or heights.
what is the difference between GAD and agoraphobia
Agoraphobia: Excessive worry or fear in a place where escape is difficult such as a closed space, a large crowd, a bridge, tunnels or heights. Generalized anxiety disorder: characterized by excessive worry over everyday occurrences that usually do not produce worry in the general population.
How is fear defined in the context of anxiety
Fear relates to a known or understood threat, whereas anxiety follows from an unknown, expected, or poorly defined threat.
Define Specific Phobia
characterized by excessive and irrational fear or anxiety specific to an object or a situation and —-
-*75% of individuals experience fear of more than one object
Define Social Anxiety Disorder
fear or anxiety related to social situations, especially when evaluation by others is possible
Define Panic Disorder
sudden or abrupt surge of fear or impending doom along with at least four physical or cognitive symptoms.
series of recurrent, unexpected panic attacks coupled with the fear of future panic attacks
What are the two components of a panic attack
- unexpected - Nothing triggers them
- recurrent - They occur multiple times
* Causes additional anxiety because you never know when the will occur
What is required for a diagnosis for Panic disorder
at least four physical or cognitive symptoms
What are the cognitive symptoms of a Panic attack
- derealization (feelings of unreality)
- depersonalization (feelings of being detached from oneself), -
- fear of losing control or ‘going crazy,’
- fear of dying
What are the physical symptoms of a Panic attack
heart palpitations sweating trembling or shaking shortness of breath feeling as though they are being choked chest pain nausea dizziness chills or heat sensations numbness/tingling
What are the symptoms of Social Anxiety Disorder
- worried that they will be judged negatively
- concerned that their anxiety symptoms will be obvious
- social situations provoke this intense fear
- Significant impact on ones social and occupational functioning
What are emotion-focused coping strategies?
emotion-focused coping is aimed at managing the emotions associated with the situation, rather than changing the situation itself.
**Women most likely to use - Less effective
What are problem-focused coping strategies?
Problem-focused coping is that kind of coping aimed at resolving the stressful situation or event or altering the source of the stress
Prevalence rates in Agoraphobia
1.7%
Females 2x as likely to have
Starts in childhood/shows up in late adolescence - early adulthood
tapers off in late adulthood
Prevalence rates in Social anxiety disorder
7% of US population Higher prevalence in US Prevalence same for children-adults decreases in late adulthood Females have higher diagnosis
Prevalence rates in Panic Disorder
2-3 % adults/teens
Females 2:1 ratio over males
Generally not observed in children under 14
Higher rates in American Indians and Non-latino white
What was the little Albert experiment? What did it prove?
Experiment with white rat and loud noise. Little Albert learned to fear the white rat
Proved that phobias can be learned and therefore, unlearned
- What variables are related to specific phobias?
- How often are individuals diagnosed with more than
one specific phobia? - Commonly diagnosed phobias?
- Excessive and irrational fears of an object/subject
- 75%
- Snakes, Spikers, rats (Animals)
Heights, storms, water (Environment)
Blood, Injections, Injury (
Planes, elevators enclosed Places (Situational)
what is needed for a diagnosis of agoraphobia
must be a presence of fear in at least TWO of the following circumstances:
using public transportation such as planes, trains, ships, buses;
being in large, open spaces such as parking lots or on bridges;
being in enclosed spaces like stores or movie theaters; being in a large crowd similar to those at a concert; being outside of the home in general
**symptoms are present every time the individual encounters these situations in order for a diagnosis
What is the difference between Agoraphobia and GAD
fears are related to situations in which the individual is in public situations where escape may be difficult.
