module 8

Question 1

what are the organs of the cardiovascular system?

Answer 1

heart and blood vessels

Question 2

blood vessels that take blood away from the heart, under high pressure

Answer 2

arteries

Question 3

blood vessels that take blood toward the heart, under no/low pressure and they are made up of valves to keep blood moving

Answer 3

veins

Question 4

smallest blood vessel in the body, they are the site of nutrient and gas exchange.

Answer 4

capillary

Question 5

how does veins keep blood moving against gravity back to the heart?

Answer 5

valves and skeletal muscles contractions

Question 6

what are the contents of blood?

Answer 6

plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets

Question 7

liquid component of blood, contains water, nutrients, waste products, hormones and ions/proteins

Answer 7

plasma

Question 8

biconcave cells filled with hemoglobin, transports oxygen and carbon dioxide through the blood stream

Answer 8

red blood cells (erythrocytes)

Question 9

cells that have 5 different types the help fight off infection and repair injured tissue

Answer 9

white blood cells (leukocytes)

Question 10

fragments of megalargocytes and function to form platelet plugs in blood clotting

Answer 10

platelets

Question 11

the 2 top chambers of the heart

Answer 11

atria

Question 12

the bottom 2 chambers of the heart

Answer 12

ventricles

Question 13

these valves keep blood moving keep blood in one direction in the heart, from the atria to the ventricles

Answer 13

AV valves

Question 14

closing of the av valve makes what kind of sound?

Answer 14

lub sound

Question 15

closing of the semilunar valves creates the second heart sound?

Answer 15

dub

Question 16

the heart has inherent contractility, the heart makes the heart beat not the brain, the brain can speed it up or slow it down. cells in the right atrium comprise the pacemaker of the heart.

Answer 16

cardiac conduction system

Question 17

what is normal heart rhythm?

Answer 17

60-90 beats per minute at rest

Question 18

(1)the RIGHT side of the heart receives the DEOXYGENATED blood returning from the body. (2) blood enters the vena cava, it moves from right atria through the right atrioventricular valve.(3) then into the right ventricle through the pulmonary seminar lunar valve into the pulmonary trunk on its way to the LUNGS.

Answer 18

pulmonary circuit

Question 19

the left side of the heart receives OXYGENATED blood returning from the lungs

Answer 19

systemic circuit

Question 20

a disease of heart or blood vessels or both

Answer 20

cardiovascular disease

Question 21

begins with fatty streaks that thicken the wall of a blood vessel, these streaks are composed of lipids and cholesterol and white blood cells

Answer 21

atherosclerosis

Question 22

how does atherosclerosis lead to a heart attack?

Answer 22

the fatty streaks build up over time creating plaque, plaque in the coronary arteries result in a heart attack

Question 23

what is sustained elevated blood pressure?

Answer 23

hypertension

Question 24

the pressure of contraction, the force of blood leaving the ventricles and pressing against artery walls( numerator)

Answer 24

systolic pressure

Question 25

the pressure of ventricular relaxation ( demonaitor)

Answer 25

diastolic pressure

Question 26

is the difference between systolic and diastolic pressure felt through an artery (normal is 120/80)

Answer 26

pulse

Question 27

why is hypertension dangerous?

Answer 27

it can put pressure on artery walls and cause small tears and build up of plaque

Question 28

genetics, family history, older age, being african american and male

Answer 28

uncontrollable risks for CVD

Question 29

low physical activity, eating high salt diet, being overweight, stress, too much alcohol

Answer 29

controllable risk factors for CVD

Question 30

low density lipoproteins “lethal”( saturated fats meat butter and cheese)

Answer 30

LDL

Question 31

high density lipoprotein (healthy)(unsaturated fats, olive oil, fish, nuts)

Answer 31

HDL

Question 32

the pulmonary circuit of the heart carries blood from the … side of the heart to the …

Answer 32

right ; lungs

Question 33

right ventricle, pulmonary artery, lungs, pulmonary vein, left atrium

Answer 33

pulmonary circuit

Question 34

left side of the heart> body> right side of the heart> lungs

Answer 34

blood flows through the cardiovascular system

Question 35

blood returning to the heart from the lungs enters the …

Answer 35

left atrium

Question 36

deoxygenated blood returning from the brain will first enter into the … of the heart

Answer 36

right atrium