Module 8 Flashcards
(143 cards)
1
Q
A route of administration characterized by application to the outer surface of the body.
A
TOPICAL
2
Q
Route of administration (mucosal) characterized by deposition of the API in the nasal cavity for local or systemic effect.
A
NASAL
3
Q
A route of administration for e.g. aerosols characterized by dispersion of the API into the airways during inspiration
A
INHALATION
4
Q
A route of administration characterized by the application of a sterile preparation to the external parts of the eye.
A
OPHTHALMIC
5
Q
Route of administration indicating deposition of the API within eye.
A
OCULAR
6
Q
A route of administration characterized by the deposition of a preparation into, or by way of the ear.
A
OTIC
7
Q
Also referred to as aural
A
OTIC
8
Q
Ingestion of a drug by mouth and into the gastrointestinal tract
A
ORAL
9
Q
A route of administration (mucosal) characterized by placement underneath the tongue and for release of the API for absorption in that region.
A
SUBLINGUAL
10
Q
A route of administration characterized by deposition of a preparation into the oral cavity and/or pharyngeal region to exert a local or systemic effect.
A
OROPHARYNGEAL
11
Q
A route of administration (mucosal) characterized by deposition into the vagina.
A
VAGINAL
12
Q
A route of administration (mucosal) characterized by deposition into the rectum to provide local or systemic effect.
A
RECTAL
13
Q
A route of administration (mucosal) characterized by deposition into the urethra to provide local or systemic effect.
A
URETHRAL
14
Q
A route of administration of a liquid or semisolid deposited into a body cavity, fluid, or tissue by use of a needle.
A
INJECTION
15
Q
Into a vein
A
INTRAVENOUS
16
Q
Rapid action compared to other routes
A
INTRAVENOUS
17
Q
Into a muscle
A
INTRAMUSCULAR
18
Q
Less rapid but generally LONGER LASTING than those obtained from IV administration.
A
INTRAMUSCULAR
19
Q
Under the skin
A
SUBCUTANEOUS
20
Q
small amounts of medication
A
SUBCUTANEOUS
21
Q
INTRACUTANEOUS
A
INTRADERMAL
22
Q
Into the skin
A
INTRADERMAL
23
Q
Injected in the Corium- more vascular layer of the skin beneath the epidermis
A
INTRADERMAL
24
Q
A route of administration in the joints
A
INTRA-ARTICULAR
25
A route of administration in the joint fluid area
INTRASYNOVIAL
26
A route of administration in the heart
INTRACARDIAC
27
A route of administration in the spinal fluid
INTRATHECAL
28
A route of administration in the spinal column
INTRASPINAL
29
A route of administration in the arteries
INTRA-ARTERIAL
30
A formulation that typically contains the API(s) and excipients in quantities and physical form designed to the accurate and efficient administration of the API to human or animal patient.
DOSAGE FORM
31
Also referred to as: Medicament, Drug substance, Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient
ACTIVE INGREDIENT
32
The ingredient or ingredients of a pharmaceutical product responsible for its pharmacologic activity
ACTIVE INGREDIENT
33
An ingredient of a dosage form other than the API.
EXCIPIENT
34
Descriptive term for a dosage form in which no deliberate effort has been made to modify the release rate of the API
CONVENTIONAL RELEASE
35
A release pattern of the active ingredient from the dosage form that has been deliberately changed from that of the conventional dosage form.
MODIFIED RELEASE
36
It includes accelerated release, delayed release, extended release, and targeted release.
MODIFIED RELEASE
37
Modern technology, distributed with or as a part of a drug product that allows for the uniform release or targeting of drugs to the body.
DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS
38
Intimate mixtures of dry, finely divided drugs or chemicals that may be intended for internal (oral) or external (topical) use.
POWDERS
39
A preparation of dry aggregates of powder particles that may contain one or more active ingredients with or without other ingredients.
GRANULES
40
They may be swallowed as such, dispersed in food, or dissolved in water.
GRANULES
41
A dosage form containing ingredients that rapidly releases carbon dioxide when in contact with water.
EFFERVESCENT GRANULES
42
A solid dosage form in which the drug is enclosed within a hard or soft soluble container or shell.
CAPSULES
43
A solid dosage form in the shape of a small sphere.
BEADS OR PELLETS
44
The dosage form generally contains multiple beads.
BEADS OR PELLETS
45
Solid oral dosage forms that are designed to dissolve or disintegrate slowly in the mouth
LOZENGES
46
Flavored and sweetened base
LOZENGES
47
are lozenges type of oral solid dosage form with a short stick inserted into it which produces local/systemic effect.
LOLLIPOPS
48
A dosage form in which the base consists of a pliable material that when chewed, releases the API into the oral cavity.
GUM
49
A solid dosage form containing medicinal substance(s) with or without diluents.
TABLETS
50
A tablet formulated so that it may be chewed, producing a pleasant-tasting residue that is easily swallowed and does not leave a bitter or unpleasant aftertaste
CHEWABLE TABLET
51
A solid dosage form containing medicinal substances, which disintegrates rapidly, usually within a matter of seconds, when placed upon the tongue.
ORALLY DISINTEGRATING TABLET
52
A tablet that is formulated so as to make the contained medication available over an extended period of time.
EXTENTED RELEASE TABLETS
53
A tablet with a coating that is intended to postpone the release of the medication until the tablet has passed through the stomach.
DELAYED RELEASE TABLETS
54
A solid dosage form containing mixtures of acids and sodium bicarbonate, which release carbon dioxide when dissolved in water; it is intended to be dissolved or dispersed in water before administration.
EFFERVESCENT TABLET
55
Tablet dosage form in the shape of a capsule
CAPLET
56
A large, long tablet intended for administration to animals.
BOLUS TABLET
57
Coated with a colored or an uncoloured sugar layer.
SUGAR COATED TABLETS
58
Protects the enclosed drug from the environment
SUGARCOAT
59
Provides barrier to objectionable taste and odor
SUGARCOAT
60
Compressed tablets coated with a thin layer of polymer capable of forming a SKINLIKE film.
FILM COATED TABLETS
61
A capsule shape compressed tablet that allows the coated product to be about one-third smaller than a capsule filled with an equivalent amount of powder.
GELATIN COATED TABLETS
62
Flat, oval tablets intended to be dissolved in the buccal pouch or beneath the tongue for absorption through the oral mucosa.
BUCCAL AND SUBLINGUAL TABLETS
63
designed to erode slowly
BUCCAL TABLETS
64
dissolves promptly and provide rapid drug effects.
SUBLINGUAL TABLET
65
Semisolid preparations intended for external applications to the skin or mucous membranes.
May be medicated or not
OINTMENTS
66
Semisolid preparations containing one or more medicinal agents dissolved or dispersed in either a W/O emulsion or in an oil-water emulsion or in another type of water-washable base.
CREAMS
67
Semisolid preparations intended for application to the skin.
PASTES
68
Contain a larger proportion of solid material (25%)
Stiffer
PASTES
69
Solid or semisolid adhesive masses spread on a backing of paper, fabric, moleskin, or plastic.
PLASTER
70
Solid dosage forms intended for insertion into body orifices where they melt or dissolve and exert local or systemic effects.
SUPPOSITORIES
71
Liquid preparations that contain one or more chemical substances dissolved in a suitable solvent or mixture of (mutually miscible) solvents.
SOLUTIONS
SOLUTIONS
72
Are aqueous solutions of acids of suitable strength usually 10% w/v except Diluted Acetic acid which is 6% w/v.
They are used for internal administration or for the manufacture of other preparations.
DILUTED ACIDS
73
Clear, aqueous solutions saturated with volatile oils or other aromatic or volatile substance.
AROMATIC WATERS
74
Are aqueous solutions used for treating the pharynx or the nasopharynx by forcing air from the lungs through the gargle which is held in the throat.
GARGLES
75
Are prepared from fresh ripe fruits, aqueous in character and used in making syrups which are employed as vehicles.
JUICES
76
A rectal preparation for therapeutic, diagnostic, or nutritive purposes.
ENEMA
77
A liquid preparation intended for the irrigative cleansing of the vagina; prepared from powders, liquid solutions, liquid concentrates.
DOUCHE
78
A sterile solution intended to bathe or flush open wounds
IRRIGATION
79
Concentrated aqueous preparations of a sugar or sugar substitute with or without flavoring agents and medicinal substances.
SYRUPS
80
Provide a pleasant means of administering a liquid form of a disagreeable-tasting drug
SYRUPS
81
Are thick, viscid, adhesive liquids produced by dispersing gum in water or by extracting with water the mucilaginous principles from vegetable substances.
MUCILAGES
82
Are class of gels in which the structural coherent matrix contains a high proportion of liquid, usually water.
GELS
83
They are used as lubricants for surgical gloves, catheters and rectal thermometers.
GELS
84
Clear, sweetened hydro-alcoholic solutions intended for oral use
Usually flavoured to enhance their palatability
ELIXIRS
85
Alcoholic or hydro-alcoholic solutions of volatile substances.
SPIRITS
86
Alcoholic or hydro-alcoholic solutions prepared from vegetable materials or from chemical substance
TINCTURES
87
A special class of inhalations consisting of a drug or combination of drugs that by virtue of their high vapor pressure can be carried by air current into the nasal passage where they exert their effect, the container from which the inhalant generally is administered is known as an inhaler.
INHALANTS
88
Liquid preparations composed of pyroxylin in a solvent mixture usually composed of alcohol and ether with or without medicinal substance.
Intended for external use
COLLODIONS
89
Alcoholic or oleaginous solutions or emulsions of various medicinal substances intended to be rubbed on the skin.
LINIMENTS
90
Are fish liver oils diluted with edible vegetable oil or solutions of volatile substances of indicated vitamins or vitamin concentrates (usually Vit. A & D) in fish liver oil.
OLEOVITAMINS
91
Are preparations used for temporary relief of toothache by the application of cotton saturated with the product into the tooth cavity
TOOTHACHE DROPS
92
Are liquid preparations of vegetable drugs containing alcohol as a solvent or as a preservative or both, so made that each mL contains the therapeutic constituents of 1g of the standard drug it represents.
FLUIDEXTRACTS
93
A concentrated preparation of vegetable or animal drug obtained by removal of the active constituents with suitable menstrua, by evaporation of all or nearly all of the solvent, and by adjustment of the residual mass or powder to the prescribed standards
EXTRACTS
94
Are two phase system consisting of finely divided solid dispersed in a solid, liquid, or gas.
SUSPENSIONS
95
Defined as preparations containing finely divided drug particles (the suspensoid) distributed somewhat uniformly throughout a vehicle in which the drug exhibits a minimum degree of solubility.
ORAL SUSPENSION
96
A semisolid system of either a suspension of small inorganic particles or large organic molecules interpenetrated by a liquid.
GELS
97
Are aqueous suspensions of insoluble inorganic drugs; they differ from gels mainly in that the suspended particles are layers
MAGMAS AND MILKS
98
Are aqueous liquid preparations which contain suspended insoluble, solid substances intended for internal use.
MIXTURES
99
A dispersion in which the dispersed phase is composed of small globules of a liquid distributed throughout a vehicle in which it is immiscible.
EMULSIONS
100
A preparation intended for parenteral administration or for constituting or diluting a parenteral product prior to administration
INJECTIONS
101
It refers to a mixture of intravenous fluids and drugs to be administered by injection
INTRAVENOUS ADMIXTURE
102
Sterile, large volume solutions intended to be administered by intravenous infusions; they contain sugar, amino acids or electrolytes.
INTRAVENOUS FLUIDS
103
Preparation containing calories, nitrogen and other nutrients in sufficient quantities.
TOTAL PARENTERAL NUTRITION
104
A solution, emulsion, or suspension that is administered in small volume such as drops, by means of a suitable device
ORAL DROPS
105
A fluid emulsion applied to the surface of the skin (suspension or solution)
LOTIONS
106
A solution, emulsion, or suspension used to clean the hair.
SHAMPOO
107
Aqueous or oleaginous solutions in the form of coarse droplets or as finely divided solids to be applied topically; usually to the nasopharyngeal tract or the skin.
SPRAYS
108
A dosage form that is packed under pressure and contains therapeutically active ingredients that are released upon activation of an appropriate valve system.
AEROSOLS
109
A pressurized dosage form consisting of metered-dose valves, which allow for delivery of a uniform quantity of spray upon activation.
METERED AEROSOLS
110
A thin, flexible sheet of material usually composed of a polymer material that is actually used in various routes of administration.
FILMS
111
designed to adhere to the gum or inner cheek to provide a controlled and sustained release of API throughout buccal mucosa.
MUCOADHESIVE SYSTEMS
112
Consist of a flexible impermeable diaphragm surrounded by a sealed layer containing an osmotic agent that is enclosed within a semipermeable membrane.
OSMOTIC PUMP
113
A transdermal drug delivery system enhanced by use of applied electric current to facilitate drug diffusion through the skin.
IONTOPHORESIS TRANSDERMAL DELIVERY SYSTEM
114
A transdermal delivery system enhance by the application of low-frequency ultrasound to facilitate drug diffusion through the skin.
PHONOPHORESIS TRANSDERMAL DELIVERY SYSTEM
115
Rotadisk is placed in the Diskhaler, a blister containing the medication is pierced and the API’S is dispersed into the airstream.
DISKHALERS
116
The capsule is placed inside the well of the Aerolizer inhaler and the capsule is pierced by pressing and releasing the buttons on the side of the device.
The patient inhales rapidly and deeply through the mouthpiece dispersing the drug.
AEROLIZER
117
A transdermal matrix system using a polymeric matrix containing drug intended for systemic delivery through the skin; generally, the skin is the rate controlling membrane for the drug diffusion
TRANSDERMAL MATRIX PATCH
118
A transdermal system containing a drug reservoir entrapped between backing and adhesive layers and a drug diffusion-controlling membrane; the reservoir is usually a semisolid dispersion or solution of the drug.
TRANSDERMAL MEMBRANE PATCH
119
Slowly releases the API per day for a certain period of time after insertion
INTRAUTERINE DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
120
Drug will diffuse toward the surface along a concentration gradient, resulting in a long acting drug delivery.
INTRAVAGINAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
121
A small sterile solid mass consisting of a highly purified drug with or without excipients made by compression or molding and put in place by injection or incision.
IMPLANTS
122
A thin slice of material containing a medicinal agent.
WAFER
123
A specially formulated and shaped non-encapsulated solid preparation intended to be placed into a non-rectal orifice of the body, where drug is released, generally for localized effects.
INSERTS
124
science of preparing, using or diuspensing of medicines
pharmaceutics
125
the science of dosage form design amd belongs to a branch of pharmacy that deals with the general area of study concerned with the formulation, manufacture, stability and effectiveness of various pharmaceutical dosage forms and drug delivery systems
pharmaceutics
126
a formulation that typically contains the API(s) aqnd excipients in quantities and physical form designed to all the accurate and efficient administation of the API to the human or patient
dosage form
127
descriptive term for a dosage form in which no deliberate effort has been made to modify the release rate of API
conventional release
128
a release pattern of the active ingredient from the dosage form that has been deliberately changed from that of the conventional dosage form
modified release
129
the ingredient/s of a pharmaceutical product responsible for its pharmacologic activity
active ingredient
130
an ingredient of a dosage form other than the API
excipient
131
an example of a diluent
starch
132
an example of a lubricant
magnesium stearate
133
a topical route of administration where the article is intended to reach or be applied to the dermis
dermal
134
a route of administration wherein the active ingredients are delivered across the skin for systemic distribution
transdermal
135
tablets that have an indented line/score/ groove
scored tablets
136
a tablet that is formulated so as to make the contained medication available over an extended period of time
extended release
137
a tablet with a coating that is intended to postpone the release of the medication until the tablet has passed through the stomach
delayed release
138
designed to pass unchanged through the stomach to the intestines, where tablets disintegrate and allow drug dissolution and absoption and effect
enteric coate tablets
139
an aromatic preparation, often with a pleasing flavor, usually intended to dissolve in the mouth
pastille
140
helps cause the wart to gradually peel off. this medication is also used to help remove corns and calluses
salicylic acid
141
used generally for their rubefacient, counterirritant, mild astringent and penetrating effects
alcohol liniment
142
penetrate the skin more readily compared to an oil base liniment.
alcohol liniment
143
milder in action but is more useful when massage is required. less irritating to the skin
oleaginous liniment
