Module 8: Halogenation, Bromohydrin Formation, Hydration Reactions Flashcards
What is halogenation in alkenes?
Bromine and chlorine added to alkenes to yield 1,2-dihalides
What is the sole product of halogenation in cycloalkenes?
Trans stereoisomer
What does halogenation on trans/E acyclic alkenes form?
1,2- dihalide that are anti to each other
anti: both halogens are opposite plan of each other
What does Markovnikov rule states in alkene halogenation?
Halogen binds to carbon with more substituents
Hydrogen binds to carbon with less substituents
What does halogenation on cis/Z acyclic alkenes form?
1,2- dihalide that are syn to each other
syn: both halogen are in the same plan
What is halohydrin in alkene?
Addition of Halogen (Br or Cl) and OH to alkene
What does Markovnikov’s rule on on halohydrin
Halogen goes to carbon with less alkyl group
OH goes to carbon with more alkyl group
What addition does halohydrin result?
anti addition
What is acid catalyzed hydration?
Addition of Water and acid to alkene
What does Markovnikov’s rule on acid catalyzed hydration
H (acid) adds to carbon with less alkyl group
OH adds to carbon with more alkyl group
What is Oxymercuration Demercuration
Alkene react with mercury acetate and water
What is Hydroboration Oxidation
Alkene react with Boron, followed with oxidation with hydrogen peroxide in basic media
What is the Markovnikov rule for hydroboration oxidation?
Anti-Markovnikov
H binds to carbon with more substituents
OH binds to carbon with less subsitiuents
What type of addition result in hydroboration oxidation oxidation?
syn
What is hydrogenation?
reaction between molecular hydrogen (H2) and another compound in the presence of metal catalyst that result in reduction
