Module 8.) Mitigation

Question 1

Metal rod used to support weak sections of crotches of a tree

Answer 1

Brace rod

Question 2

Installation of steel or synthetic cable in a tree to provide supplemental support to weak branches or branch unions.

Answer 2

Cable

Question 3

1.) a steel or synthetic-fibar cable between a tree or branch and an external anchor (another tree, the ground, or fixed object) to provide supplemental support. 2.) a steel cable between utility pole and an external anchor (another pole, the ground, or fixed object, which sometimes is a tree). to keep the pole upright. Guys act in tension

Answer 3

Guy

Question 4

Hardware installed in a tree to conduct the charge of a lightning strike to ground

Answer 4

Lightning Protection System

Question 5

In tree risk management , the process for reducing risk

Answer 5

Mitigation

Question 6

alternatives for reducing risk

Answer 6

Mitigation Options

Question 7

Established hierarchy for mitigation of risk based on risk ratings, budget, resources, and policies.

Answer 7

Mitigation priority

Question 8

Rigid brace, acting in compression, to support a tree, tree branch, or utility pole. Prop pole (contrast with Guy)

Answer 8

Prop

Question 9

Removing branches ( or occasionally roots) from a tree or other plant, using approved practices, to achieve a specified objective.

Answer 9

Pruning

Question 10

In utility and municipal arboriculture, the time scheduled between events that is established as a guideline for providing reasonable clearance between trees and conductors

Answer 10

Pruning Cycle

Question 11

risk remaining after mitigation

Answer 11

Residual Risk

Question 12

The recommendation to keep a tree and conduct follow-up assessments after a stated inspection interval.

Answer 12

Retain and Monitor

Question 13

A device or mechanism providing supplemental support to individual branches and/or entire trees

Answer 13

Structural support system

Question 14

Risk mitigation actions aimed at reducing the likelihood of impact in the event of tree failure.

Answer 14

Target-based actions

Question 15

Acting to control the exposure of targets to risk

Answer 15

Target Management

Question 16

Time period for recommended mitigation

Answer 16

Timeline

Question 17

Risk mitigation action aimed at reducing the likelihood of tree failure

Answer 17

Tree-based actions

Question 18

Chemical that can be applied to trees that slow terminal growth by reducing cell elongation.

Answer 18

Tree growth regulator

Question 19

A tree which, because of its great age, size, or condition, is of exceptional cultural, landscape. or nature conversation value

Answer 19

veteran tree

Question 20

an environment suitable for sustaining one or more species of animal.

Answer 20

wildlife habitat

Question 21

T or F - Mitigation measures are typically presented as a set of options to the tree owner/manager

Answer 21

True

Question 22

T or F- Mitigation choices are ultimately the assessors, because s/he is the person who is liable for damages

Answer 22

False

Question 23

T or F -When retaining trees for wildlife, one management strategy is to maintain the tree;s height shorter than distance to the nearest target, by using approved crown- reduction techniques.

Answer 23

True

Question 24

______-based mitigation actions are often preferred if tree preservation is a primary management goal

Answer 24

Target

Question 25

Reduction pruning is often an effective tree-based mitigation option used to reduce loading from gravity, wing, or precipitation. _______ is not recommended because it creates long-term problems with weak sprouts and the entry of wood decay, due to internodal heading cuts.

Answer 25

Topping

Question 26

Tree ____ may be an obvious choice in some situations, but it should be the last and least desirable option because the benefits of the tree are lost

Answer 26

Removal

Question 27

Removing turf, applying mulch, and adjusting irrigation systems are examples of ______ modifications, which may improve tree health over the long term.

Answer 27

site

Question 28

Tree risk assessors should consider tree removal as a last resort to eliminate risk because. A.) Trees offer many benefits that are lost when they are removed. B.) There may be ither options to reduce the likelihood of failure. C.) There may be ways to reduce the likelihood of impacting the target. D.) All of the above.

Answer 28

D Trees provide many enviromental, social, and economic benifits. Risk mitigation options need to balance tree risk against the loss of tree benefits. All mitigation options should be considered before removing a tree.

Question 29

After removing dead, dying, and diseased branches, there may still be A.) Abatement risk B.) Leftover risk C.) Residual Risk D.) Enduring risk

Answer 29

C residual risk is defined as the risk remaining after mitigation.

Question 30

Dead or dying trees may be retained for wildlife habitat if A.) there is virtually no likelihood of failure B.) the area is low-use or access is restricted C.) there is no mitigation options D.) Failed parts will not shatter upon impact.

Answer 30

B. Ideally, trees retained for wildlife would be in areas that have no significant targets within the target zone or only targets with a rare occupancy rate.

Question 31

When pruning is recommened to mitigate risk, you should consider the ability of the tree to A.) compartimentalize and limit decay. B.) recover from loss of leaf area. c.) sprout from latent buds and develop new leaf area. D.) All of the above.

Answer 31

D.) Any pruning needs to be considered in the context of the overall health and vigot of the tree and wheather the tree can tolerate the pruning proposed

Question 32

If the tree part with the highest risk rating has been mitigated A.) The tree is free of risk B.) the overall risk rating for the whole tree may or may not decrease C.) the highest value target is no longer at risk. D.) There is no need for further assessment.

Answer 32

B. If the highest risk is mitigatied, the residual risk drops to the next highest risk rated. Because trees often have multiple risk factors, mitigation of the greatest risk factor may or maynot decrease the level of risk