Module 9 Flashcards
(214 cards)
1
Q
scar
A
ul-
2
Q
pancreas
A
pancreat-
3
Q
splanchn-
A
viscera; the internal organs [collectively; refers to organs of digestion & some other internal organs: e.g. liver, pancreas, gall bladder]
4
Q
esophag-
A
esophagus
5
Q
hepat-
A
liver
6
Q
troph-
A
nutrition; growth [in some contexts, in that it results from nutrition]
7
Q
lev-
A
left; counter-clockwise
8
Q
cavity [digestive or respiratory]
A
alve-, alveol- [Latin]
9
Q
odont-
A
tooth; teeth
10
Q
infer-
A
below
11
Q
proliferation
A
-plasia
12
Q
nutrit-
A
nutrition
13
Q
act of rubbing
A
-tripsy, -tripsis
14
Q
ventr- [non-anatomical]
A
front
15
Q
or-
A
mouth
16
Q
tip(s) (of things)
A
acr-
17
Q
behind
A
retr-, poster- [PREPOSITIONAL ROOTS]
post- [PREFIX]
18
Q
tel-
A
end; goal [nouns]
distant; at a distance [adj]
19
Q
act of biting
A
phag-, -phagy, -phagia
20
Q
stomach-
A
stomach
21
Q
jejunum
A
jejun-
22
Q
sinistr-
A
left
23
Q
unchanging
A
hom-, home-, homoi-
24
Q
palat-
A
palate [Latin]
25
extern-
outside
26
sphincter-
sphincter; circular muscle [which closes an orifice] [Greek]
27
large intestine
col-, colon-
28
food
bromat-, sit-
29
alveol-
tooth socket; socket; cavity
| [Latin - alveolus actually any small cavity/ depression, usually air sacs or tooth socket]
30
heter-
different; other
31
cec-
cecum; first part of the large intestine (colon) [Greek]
32
at a distance
tel-, tele- [PREPOSITIONAL ROOTS]
33
epipl-
omentum; fatty membrane lining the abdominal cavity [Greek; omentum used to be called epiploom = "something floating on the surface"]
34
above
super-, supra- (rarely hyper-) (PREFIXES)
[NEVER elide supra-]
ALSO: super- [PREPOSITIONAL ROOT]
35
rectum
proct- [Greek for anus]
| rect- [Latin for "straight" b/c rectum appears straight in animals, but inaccurate for humans]
36
choledoch-
common bile duct
37
append-
appendix [any structure 'added on' to a larger structure; particularly "the" appendix = organ projecting from cecum]
38
right [as opposed to left]
dextr- [PREPOSITIONAL ROOT]
39
duodenum
duoden- [Latin]
40
act of breaking (something) up
-clasis, -clasia
41
nearest [from the centre or point of reference]
proxim- [PREPOSITIONAL ROOT]
42
outside
ex-, exo-, ecto- [PREFIXES]
| extern- [PREPOSITIONAL ROOT]
43
one that eats
-phage [usually cell, bacterium or virus, NOT human or animal]
44
-tripsis
act of crushing (or, of rubbing); friction
45
upper jaw
maxill-
46
-phagia
act of eating, chewing, biting, swallowing or devouring [distinct; use context]
47
cholang-
bile duct
48
height
acr-
49
act of swallowing
phag-, -phagy, -phagia
50
growth [nutritive process]
troph-, -trophy [=> atrophy, dystrophy = lack of growth or wasting away of tissues or structures]
51
lingu-
tongue; language
52
irrigation
-clysis
53
uvul-
uvula [Latin]
54
jejun-
jejunum
55
fever [not a term starting with 'p']
febr- [conn. vowel 'i']
56
ptyal-
saliva [Greek]
57
retr-
behind; backward
58
alimentary canal
enter- [Greek; usually means intestines]
59
esophagus
esophag-, oesophag-
60
stomat-
mouth [also means other mouth-like openings, similar in structure or function]
61
pancreat-
pancreas
62
cecum
cec-, caec- [Greek]
typhl- [Latin]
[all mean "blind" b/c cecum = 1st part of colon is blind pouch in animals]
63
-plasia
proliferation; growth; development [refers to (# of) cells/tissues]
64
adamant-
enamel [Greek]
65
super- [root]
above
66
enter-
intestines [Greek; may also refer to digestive tract or alimentary canal = mouth to anus]
67
act of crushing
-tripsy, -tripsis
68
growth [of size of cells/tissues]
troph-, -trophy
69
tongue
gloss-, lingu-
70
-schisis
act of splitting
71
circular muscle [which closes an (anatomical) orifice]
sphincter- [from Greek sphinx: in myth of Oedipus, he solves her riddle to get into Thebes & she strangles herself in distress]
72
ileum
ile-
73
back [as opposed to front]
dors- [PREPOSITIONAL ROOT]
74
rect-
rectum; anus; rectum & anus [Latin]
75
anomal-
irregular
76
fatty membrane lining the abdominal cavity
oment- [Latin]
| epipl- [Greek, b/c used to be called epiploom = "something that floats on the surface" b/c 'floated' on viscera]
77
inside
intern-
78
hom- [not the people sense]
same; unchanging
79
bile bladder
cholecyst-
80
backward
retr- [PREPOSITIONAL ROOT]
81
yellowish plaque
ather- [Greek, from word for porridge b/c plaque build-up in arteries is lumpy & yellow]
82
nutrition [root]
troph-, nutri-, nutrit-
83
gums
ul-, gingiv-
84
distant
tel-, tele- [PREPOSITIONAL ROOTS]
85
mouth
stom-, stomat-, or-
86
different
heter-
87
serous membrane lining the abdominal cavity
peritone- [Greek, from P(peri-) + R(ton- = stretch) => (serous membrane which) stretches around (viscera)]
88
dent-
tooth; teeth
89
phag-
act of eating, chewing, biting, swallowing or devouring [distinct; use context]
90
colon
col-, colon-
91
behind [root]
poster-, retr- [PREPOSITIONAL ROOTS]
92
typhl-
cecum; first part of the large intestine (colon) [Latin]
93
-clasia
act of breaking (something) up
94
gingiv-
gums
95
-clasis
act of breaking (something) up
96
same
hom-, home-, homoi-
97
teeth
odont-, dent-
98
extremities [of the body]
acr-
99
mandibul-
mandible; LOWER JAW
100
alve-
tooth socket; socket; cavity
| [Latin - alveolus actually any small cavity/ depression, usually air sacs or tooth socket]
101
act of chewing
phag-, -phagy, -phagia
102
left
lev-, sinistr- [PREPOSITIONAL ROOTS]
103
staphyl-
uvula
104
stomach
gastr-, stomach-
105
dextr-
right [vs left]
106
palate
palat- [Latin]
uran-, uranisc- [Greek, from sky god Ouranos -> also referred to arch/vault of sky overhead -> vault/arch of roof of mouth]
107
bile duct
cholang-
108
peritone-
peritoneum; serous membrane lining the abdominal cavity [and supporting & covering most of the viscera]
109
tooth socket
alve-, alveol- [Latin]
110
liver
hepat-
111
anter-
before; front; in front
112
anus
proct- [Greek for anus]
| rect- [Latin for "straight" b/c rectum appears straight in animals, but inaccurate for humans]
113
proximal
proxim- [PREPOSITIONAL ROOT]
114
dist-
distal; farthest [from the centre or point of reference]
115
appendic-
appendix [any structure 'added on' to a larger structure; particularly "the" appendix = organ projecting from cecum]
116
bromat-
food
117
sphincter
sphincter- [from Greek sphinx: in myth of Oedipus, he solves her riddle to get into Thebes & she strangles herself in distress]
118
maxilla
maxill-
119
below [root]
infer-
120
intern-
inside
121
viscer-
viscera; the internal organs [collectively; refers to organs of digestion & some other internal organs: e.g. liver, pancreas, gall bladder]
122
above [root]
super-
123
friction
-tripsy, -tripsis
124
adamantin-
enamel [Greek]
125
digestion
-pepsia [Pepsi originally sold as treatment for indigestion]
126
tele-
end; goal [nouns]
| distant; at a distance [adj]
127
nutrition [termination]
-trophy
128
gloss-
tongue; language
129
lower portion of the stomach
pylor-
130
development [of # of cells/tissues]
-plasia
131
-tripsy
act of crushing (or of rubbing); friction
132
-phage
one that eats ["one" technically means any life form, but usually a cell, bacterium, or virus, NOT a human or animal]
133
outside [root]
extern- [PREPOSITIONAL ROOT]
134
pancreatic-
pancreatic duct
135
omentum
oment- [Latin]
| epipl- [Greek, b/c used to be called epiploon = "something that floats on the surface" b/c fatty, 'floated' on viscera]
136
first part of the small intestine
duoden- [Latin; from duodeni = 12 b/c ~12" long]
137
hom-
human being OR same; unchanging
138
stom-
mouth [also means other mouth-like openings, similar in structure or function]
139
acr-
extremities [of the body]; height; tip(s)
140
caec-
cecum; first part of the large intestine (colon) [Greek]
141
pylor-
pylorus; lower portion of the stomach
142
act of eating
phag-, -phagy, -phagia
143
before [root]
anter-
144
proct-
rectum; anus; rectum & anus [Greek for anus]
145
ventr-
front; abdomen
146
sial-
saliva
147
growth [not phyt-]
-genesis [natural, reproductive context]
troph-, -trophy [nutritive process]
-plasia [w.r.t. number of cells/tissues, not whole organs]
148
cholecyst-
bile bladder; gall bladder
149
viscera
splanchn-, viscer-
150
intestines
enter- [Greek; also has prefix meaning "in"]
151
hepatic-
hepatic duct
152
uvula
uvul- [Latin, "little grape"], staphyl- [Greek, also from word for grape, b/c of appearance when swollen]
153
common bile duct
choledoch-
154
uran-
palate [Greek]
155
irregular [not starting with 'p']
anomal-
156
amel-
enamel-
157
sit-
food
158
nutrition
troph-, nutri-, nutrit-, -trophy
159
maxill-
maxilla; UPPER JAW
160
home-
same; unchanging
161
oesophag-
esophagus
162
in front
anter- [PREPOSITIONAL ROOT]
163
socket
alve-, alveol- [Latin]
164
end
tel-, tele- [PREPOSITIONAL ROOTS]
165
act of splitting
-schisis
166
distal
dist- [PREPOSITIONAL ROOT]
167
appendix
append-, appendic-
168
mandible
mandibul-
169
ile-
ileum
170
super-
above; beyond; superior [PREFIX]
-may be spatial or regarding quality (positive)
[as PREPOSITIONAL ROOT:] above
[assume it is being used as a prefix unless otherwise specified or is followed by a conn. vowel]
171
-clysis
irrigation
172
rectum & anus
proct- [Greek for anus]
| rect- [Latin for "straight" b/c rectum appears straight in animals, but inaccurate for humans]
173
counter-clockwise
lev- [PREPOSITIONAL ROOT]
174
ather-
yellowish plaque [Greek]
175
peritoneum
peritone- [Greek, from P(peri-) + R(ton- = stretch) => (serous membrane which) stretches around (viscera)]
176
language
gloss-, lingu-
177
other [not all-]
heter-
178
front [not anter-]
ventr-
179
oment-
omentum; fatty membrane lining the abdominal cavity [Latin]
180
proxim-
proximal; nearest [from the centre or point of reference]
181
digestive tract
enter- [Greek; usually means intestines]
182
col- [root]
colon; large intestine
183
ul-
gums; scar [use context!]
184
nutri-
nutrition
185
duoden-
duodenum; the first part of the small intestine [Latin]
186
-phagy
act of eating, chewing, biting, swallowing or devouring [distinct; use context]
187
tooth
odont-, dent-
188
growth [of number of cells/tissues]
-plasia
189
the first part of the large intestine
cec-, caec- [Greek]
typhl- [Latin]
[all mean "blind" b/c cecum = 1st part of colon is blind pouch in animals]
190
hepatic duct
hepatic-
191
febr-
fever
192
saliva
ptyal- [Greek, from onomatopoiec verb "to spit"]
| sial-
193
development
- genesis [from Greek AND Latin root gen-, with idea of birth, offspring, family]
- poiesis [from Greek verb meaning "to make", "to do"]
- plasia [w.r.t. # of cells/tissues]
194
-trophy
nutrition; growth [w.r.t. size of cells/tissues]
195
internal organs [collectively]
splanchn-, viscer-
196
before [temporal]
ante-, pre-, pro- (PREFIXES)
[NEVER elide]
anter- (PREPOSITIONAL ROOT)
197
enamel
amel-
adamant-, adamantin- [from Grk adamas, adj for hard, unyielding substances => hard enamel, also "adamant": having unshakeable resolve]
198
act of devouring
phag-, -phagy, -phagia
199
gall bladder
cholecyst-
200
uranisc-
palate [Greek]
201
gastr-
stomach
202
poster-
behind
203
farthest [from the centre or point of reference]
dist- [PREPOSITIONAL ROOT]
204
below
infer- [PREPOSITIONAL ROOT]
| hypo-, sub-, infra- [PREFIXES, never elide infra-]
205
goal
tel-, tele- [PREPOSITIONAL ROOTS]
206
homoi-
same; unchanging
207
-pepsia
digestion [Pepsi originally sold as treatment for indigestion]
208
pancreatic duct
pancreatic-
209
pylorus
pylor-
210
colon-
colon; large intestine
211
lower jaw
mandibul-
212
front [not ventr-]
anter- [PREPOSITIONAL ROOT]
213
dors-
back [as opposed to front]
214
front
ventr-, anter- [PREPOSITIONAL ROOTS]
