Module 9 Vocab

Question 1

The scientific study of the links between biological (genetics, neural, hormonal) and psychological processes

Answer 1

Biological Psychology

Question 2

Nerve cell

Answer 2

Neuron

Question 3

Parts of a neuron

Answer 3

Dendrite > Cell body (soma) > Axon > Axon terminals

Question 4

Parts of a neuron: Dendrite

Answer 4

receives messages

Question 5

Parts of a neuron: Axon

Answer 5

Sends messages

Question 6

Parts of a neuron: Myelin Sheath (surrounds axon)

Answer 6

Speeds up messages

Question 7

Neural impulses
Go
More excitatory + than inhibitory -

Answer 7

Action Potential

Question 8

Stop
More inhibitory - than excitatory +

Answer 8

Resting potential

Question 9

Condition where myelin sheath degenerates

Answer 9

Multiple Sclerosis

Question 10

Period of inactivity after neuron is fired

Answer 10

Refractory period

Question 11

Cells that support and protect neurons
Play a role in learning, thinking, memory

Answer 11

Glial cell

Question 12

Level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse

Answer 12

Threshold

Question 13

A neuron either fires or it doesn’t

Answer 13

All of None Response

Question 14

Junction between axon terminals of one cell and dendrites of another

Answer 14

Synapse

Question 15

Tiny gap between axon terminals and receiving dendrites

Answer 15

Synaptic gap (cleft)

Question 16

Chemical messages that cross the synaptic gap

Answer 16

Neurotransmitters

Question 17

Excess neurotransmitters are re-absorbed by sending neuron

Answer 17

Reuptake

Question 18

Acetylcholine (ACh)
Alzheimer’s occurs when ACh producing neurons degenerate

Answer 18

Enables muscle action, learning, and memory

Question 19

Dopamine
Too much = schizophrenia
Too little = tremors/less mobility In Parkinson’s

Answer 19

Influences movement, attention, emotion

Question 20

Serotonin
Too little = depression

Answer 20

Affects mood, hunger, sleep, arousal

Question 21

Norepinephrine
Too little = depressed mood

Answer 21

Helps control alertness and arousal

Question 22

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABBA)
Too little = seizures, tremors, insomnia

Answer 22

Major inhibitory neurotransmitter

Question 23

Glutamate
Too much = migraines, seizures

Answer 23

Major excitatory neurotransmitter (involved in memory)

Question 24

Endorphins

Answer 24

Influences perception of pain or pleasure

Question 25

Type of drug that mimics neurotransmitters (more enhanced version)

Answer 25

Agonist

Question 26

Type of drug that fights neurotransmitters (stops its effect)

Answer 26

Antagonist