Module H

Question 1

Bones

Answer 1

Hard and rigid structures that make up the skeleton and together form the framework of the body.

Question 2

Contracture

Answer 2

Permanent shortening of muscle resulting in immovable joints

Question 3

Joints

Answer 3

The point where bones meet, made up of connective tissue called cartilage that cushions bones and keeps them from rubbing together during movement

Question 4

Muscles

Answer 4

structure of the body that powers movement of skeleton and helps stay erect

Question 5

Central nervous system or (CNS)

Answer 5

one of the two divisions of the nervous system that includes the brain and spinal cord

Question 6

Peripheral nervous system

Answer 6

one of the two divisions of the nervous system that includes nerves that’s throughout the body

Question 7

Expiration

Answer 7

involves the breathing out of carbon dioxide

Question 8

Inspiration

Answer 8

involves the breathing in of oxygen

Question 9

Respiratory System

Answer 9

involves the breathing in of oxygen ( inspiration) and the breathing out of carbon dioxide (expiration)

Question 10

Constipation

Answer 10

inability to have a stool or infrequent, difficult, and possibly painful elimination of a hard, dry stool.

Question 11

Diarrhea

Answer 11

Liquid stool

Question 12

Enema

Answer 12

specific amount of water that may or may not have an additive and is inserted into the colon to stimulate passage of stool

Question 13

Fecal impaction

Answer 13

Hard stool stuck in the rectum and cannot be expelled resulting in ongoing constipation.

Question 14

Flatulence

Answer 14

Gas

Question 15

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

Answer 15

chronic condition when liquid contents of the stomach back up into the esophagus and that can damage the lining of the esophagus.

Question 16

Ulcerative Coliti

Answer 16

chronic inflammatory disease of large intestine; serious condition that can result in a colostomy.

Question 17

Kidney Stones (or renal calculi)

Answer 17

Jagged stones formed when urine crystalizes in the kidneys that can block kidneys and ureters causing excruciating pain.

Question 18

Urinary incontinence

Answer 18

Inability to control the bladder leading to an involuntary loss of urine

Question 19

Urinary tract infection (UTI)

Answer 19

an infection of urethra, bladder, ureter, or kidney typically caused by E. Coli, a bacteria found in the digestive system

Question 20

Reproductive System

Answer 20

system that allows human beings to create a new human life and may be subdivided into a two categories (1) the female reproductive system and (2) the male reproductive system

Question 21

Glands

Answer 21

an organ that secretes chemicals, called hormones that regulate bodily function

Question 22

Peristalsis

Answer 22

Involuntary contractions that move food through the digestive system

Question 23

Arthritis

Answer 23

inflammation or swelling of the joints causing stiffness, pain, and decreased mobility

Question 24

Osteoarthritis

Answer 24

degenerative joint disease affecting the elderly and may occur with aging or joint injury, usually involving weight-bearing hips and knees.

Question 25

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Answer 25

systemic, crippling disease-causing deformities, with stiff, painful, swollen joints.

Question 26

Osteoporosis

Answer 26

loss of bone density causing bones to become porous and brittle, resulting in bones breaking easily

Question 27

Closed Fracture

Answer 27

a broken bone that does not break the skin

Question 28

Open fracture

Answer 28

a broken bone that breaks through the skin

Question 29

Prothesis

Answer 29

device that replaces body part that is missing or deformed

Question 30

amputation

Answer 30

removal of all or part of a limb because of a disease or an accident

Question 31

Phantom sensation

Answer 31

the feeling that amputated body part is still there

Question 32

Phantom pain

Answer 32

pain experienced in the area that a body part has been amputated possibly due to damaged nerve endings

Question 33

Parkinson's Disease

Answer 33

Progressive, incurable disease that causes a part of the brain to degenerate, resulting in stiffening muscles, shuffling gait, and bent posture

Question 34

Paraplegia

Answer 34

complete loss of function occurs to the lower body

Question 35

Hypertension

Answer 35

high blood pressure

Question 36

Myocardial Infarction ( heart attack or MI)

Answer 36

a condition where the heart muscle does not receive enough blood and lacks oxygen, causing damage or death to that area of the heart

Question 37

Congestive Heart Failure (or CHF)

Answer 37

when one or both sides of the heart stop pumping effectively

Question 38

Peripheral Vascular Disease (or PVD)

Answer 38

poor circulation of legs, feet, arms, hands due to fatty deposits that harden in blood vessels

Question 39

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Answer 39

chronic, progressive disease of the lungs causing trouble breathing, particularly getting air out of lungs; includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema

Question 40

Emphysema

Answer 40

chronic, progressive disease of the lungs causing irreversible damage, usually resulting from chronic bronchitis and smoking

Question 41

Pneumonia

Answer 41

acute (sudden onset) infection of the lung or lungs caused by bacteria, virus, or fungus

Question 42

Asthma

Answer 42

chronic inflammatory disease occurring when the respiratory system reacts quickly and strongly to irritants, such as pollen and dust, characterized by difficulty breathing, wheezing, and a sense of tightness or constriction in the chest due to spasm of the muscles

Question 43

Upper respiratory infection (or URI or a cold)

Answer 43

viral or bacterial infection of nose, sinuses, and throat with nasal drainage, sneezing, sore throat, fever, and tiredness.

Question 44

Diabetes (or DM)

Answer 44

the most common disorder of the endocrine system and occurs when the pancreas produces too little insulin or does not use insulin properly causing sugar build up in the blood

Question 45

Type 1 diabetes

Answer 45

a lifelong condition typically beginning during childhood and early adult when the pancreas does not produce insulin

Question 46

Type 2 diabetes

Answer 46

a type of diabetes that develops after about age 35 when the pancreas secretes insulin, but does not use it well

Question 47

Gestational diabetes

Answer 47

a type of diabetes that occurs during pregnancy

Question 48

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (or AIDS)

Answer 48

Disease caused by a virus and attacks the -immune system and destroys infection-fighting and cancer-fighting cells of the body

Question 49

Tumor

Answer 49

growth of abnormal cells which may be benign or malignant

Question 50

Benign tumor

Answer 50

a non-life threatening, non- cancerous tumor that does not spread to other body parts

Question 51

Malignant tumor

Answer 51

a cancerous tumor that invades and destroys nearby tissues and can spread to other parts of the body

Question 52

Cognitive Impairment

Answer 52

poor judgment, memory loss, inability to solve problems, confusion

Question 53

Shingles ( or Herpes Zoster)

Answer 53

a disease caused by a virus, most common in people over 50, with signs that include a rash or blisters on one side of the body, burning pain, numbness and itching

Question 54

Dermatitis

Answer 54

inflammation of skin

Question 55

Total Knee replacement (or TKR)

Answer 55

surgical replacement of the knee with a prosthesis performed to relieve pain and restore mobility, damaged by arthritis or injury

Question 56

Quariplegia

Answer 56

complete loss of function occurs to lower and upper body, plus trunk

Question 57

Angina pectoris (or angina)

Answer 57

chest pain occurring when the heart muscle is not getting enough oxygen due to narrowed blood vessels, brought about by exercise, stress, excitement, or digesting a big meal.