Modules 1 - 6 Flashcards
(66 cards)
The use of the term philosophy is attributed to
Pythagoras
The word philosophy comes from two Greek words:
Philos(love) and sophia(wisdom)
is the study of general and fundamental questions about existence,
knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language.
Philosophy
is a way of thinking about the world, the universe, and society.
Philosophy in simple words
which is derived from the Greek term ethos meaning
“custom,”
is concerned about human conduct.
Ethics
comes from the Greek word aisthetikos, which means
“sensitive” or “perceptive.”
Aesthetics
comes from the Greek word epistēmē, which means
“knowledge.”
Epistemology
is the branch of philosophy that looks into whether there are
rules or principles that govern reasoning.
Logic
literally means “after physics.”
Metaphysics
(570 BCE to 495 BCE)- A mathematician and
scientist, he was credited with formulating the
Pythagorean theorem.
Pythagoras
(535 BCe to 475 BCE)- He proposed that
everything that exists is based on a higher order
or plan which he called logos
Heraclitus
(460 BCE to 370 BCE)- He devoted himself to the
study of the causes of natural phenomena.
Democritus
(412 BCE to 323 BCE)- He was a known advocate
of living a simple and virtuous life.
Diogenes of Sinope
(341 BCE to 270 BCE)- He believed that philosophy
could enable man to live a life of happiness
Epicurus
(470 BCE to 399 BCE)- He was considered the
foremost philosophers of ancient times. He was
credited with formulating the Socratic methodmeans of examining a topic by devising a series
of questions that let the learner examine and
analyze his knowledge and views regarding the
topic.
Socrates
(427 BCE to 347 BCE)- A student of Socrates,
he wrote down his mentor’s teaching and
incorporated some of his own ideas into them.
Plato’s most significant ideas included his
Theory of Forms, which proposes that
everything that exist is based on an idea or
template than can only be perceived in the
mind. Plato is also known for his dialectic- a
method of inquiry where two opposing ideas
are discussed in an attempt to arrive at new
knowledge. Plato’s lasting contribution to
learning was his founding of th
Plato
(384 BCE to 322 BCE)- He attended the
Academy, and was the prominent student of
Plato. For him, all ideas and views are based
on perception and our reality is based on what
we can sense and perceive.
Aristotle
refers to a perspective that considers large-scale patterns
in systems.
Holistic Thinking
focuses on specific aspects of a situation.
Partial Thinking
refers to a big picture mentality
in which a person recognizes the interconnectedness of
various elements that form larger systems, patterns and
objects.
Holistic Thinking
is a prominent example of holistic thinking
Holistic Medicine
is branch of philosophy which deals with correct reasoning.
Logic
is the branch of Philosophy which deals with beauty and what makes things
“beautiful”.
Aesthetics
discusses the nature of knowledge and knowing.
Epistimology
