Modules 3 & 4: Viticulture - Winegrapes and Grape Growing Flashcards
(46 cards)
The top five grape varieties planted worldwide in 2018 are included in the list below.
Rank them in order of importance acreage-wise (with the most widely planted variety as 1).
Chardonnay
Cab Sauv
Merlot
Airen
Tempranillo
Zinfandel
Cab Sauv
Merlot
Tempranillo
Airen
Chardonnay
Zin
Describe Cabernet Sauvignon (color, origin, grape, wine)
Berries are thick-skinned, small, and dark
blue in color; they are high in tannins and
acidity; they are currently the most widely
planted red variety in the world; originated
from Bordeaux in France
Concord grape - a strongly flavored grape that is widely used for juice, jams and jellies.
Vitis Labrusca
A native grape that has no useable berries
Vitis Californica
The European grape species that includes most mainstream varietal wines of the world
Vitis Vinifera
Muscadine or Noble grape - bronze colored grape that is resistant to Pierce’s disease.
Muscadinia rotundifolia
Hybrid Direct Producer
Vitis vinifera x Phylloxera - resistant species
What type of disease is Red Blotch
Viral
What type of disease is Powdery Mildew
Fungal
What type of disease is Botrytis cinerea
Fungal
What type of disease is Phylloxera
Insect Pest
What type of disease is elemental sulfur treatment
Fungal
What type of disease is Leaf Roll
Viral
What type of disease is Pierce’s Disease
Bacterial
How many grape varieties exist?
over 5000
what compound causes the pigmentation is the skin
anthocyanin
Describe Merlot
This variety is often blended with Cabernet
Sauvignon; makes a fruity wine that matures
quickly; originally from Bordeaux, France,
and is the most widely planted variety in
Bordeaux
Describe Tempranillo
Berries and wine have a fairly neutral flavor
profile with some plum and strawberry
aromas; it makes full-bodied wines due to
tannins and acids and is often blended with
other varieties; it is prone to disease; it
originated in northern Spain
Describe Syrah (Shiraz)
Berries are thick-skinned and almost black in
color; it has floral and spicy aromas; it thrives
on hillsides and was originally from the
northern Rhone region of France
Describe Grenache (Grenacha)
A high sugar variety with fruity aromas; often
lacks acidity, tannins, and color; ripens late
and requires hot, dry growing conditions;
used in blends (a common blend is Grenache,
Syrah, Mourvèdre or GSM); extensively
grown in the Rhone Valley of France;
probably originated in Spain and still widely
grown there
Describe Pinot Noir
Clusters are compact and berries have low
levels of tannins and color in the skins; makes
medium to light-bodied wines; traditionally it
is not blended with other varieties; white
juice is used for sparkling wine production;
an ancient variety from Burgundy in France
Describe Zinfandel
Makes jammy-flavored red wines; often
ripened to high sugar levels which results in
high alcohol wines; often used to make a
blush or rosé wine termed ‘White Zinfandel’;
a popular variety in California; originated in
Croatia where it is known as Crljenak, Kaštelansky; in Italy it is known as Primitivo; it came to California about 150 years ago;
Describe Airen
A drought and disease resistant variety with
high yields; not considered to make high
quality wines; is mostly used in blends; from
Spain and highly planted there
Describe Chardonnay
Disease resistant and easy to grow adapting
to diverse climate and soil conditions; used
to make sparkling wine; most popular white
grape variety; originally from Burgundy,
France
