mol bio proteins

Question 1

DNA polymerase: the palm

Answer 1

site of catalysis, binding site for 2 divalent metal ions

Question 2

DNA polymerase: the fingers

Answer 2

clamps down on incoming dNTPs and binds them with template strand

Question 3

DNA polymerase: the thumb

Answer 3

holds onto synthesized double helix, promotes processivity, DNA binding element

Question 4

RNAP

Answer 4

transcribes template DNA to RNA, binds to promoter

Question 5

RNAP β’

Answer 5

largest unit containing part of active center responsible for RNA synthesis, some determinants for nascent RNA

Question 6

RNAP β

Answer 6

second largest unit containing the rest of the active center, rest of determinants for interactions with DNA and nascent RNA

Question 7

RNAP α

Answer 7

determinants for assembly of RNAP, interaction with promoter

Question 8

Rho

Answer 8

ring hexameric complex surrounding nascent RNA, ATPase activity

Question 9

TRCF

Answer 9

promotes dissociation when RNAP stalls

Question 10

RNA Pol I

Answer 10

synthesizes pre-rRNA

Question 11

RNA Pol II

Answer 11

synthesizes precursors of mRNAs

Question 12

RNA Pol III

Answer 12

synthesizes tRNAs, rRNAs, and other small RNAs

Question 13

TFIID

Answer 13

general transcription factor protein complex. binds to TATA box and contains TBP

Question 14

TBP

Answer 14

binds DNA to facilitate other TF binding, binds other proteins

Question 15

TFIIH

Answer 15

uses ATP to unwind/melt double helix

Question 16

Mediator complex

Answer 16

allows proteins bound far away to affect transcription

Question 17

RNAP ω

Answer 17

facilitates assembly of RNAP and stabilizes it

Question 18

RNAP σ^70

Answer 18

acts in initiation and elongation to induce transcription pause

Question 19

RNAP σ^H

Answer 19

initiation factors that promote attachment of RNAP to specific initiation sites

Question 20

elongation factors

Answer 20

proteins involved in promoting region, helps maintain processivity of RNAP, assists in splicing

Question 21

CstF

Answer 21

recognizes second polyadenylation sequence element

Question 22

CPSF

Answer 22

recognizes AAUAAA signal in pre-mRNA and interacts with other proteins

Question 23

PolyA Polymerase (PAP)

Answer 23

catalyzes incorporation of adenine into 3’ terminal of RNA, adds PolyA tail to RNA

Question 24

Spliceosome complex

Answer 24

precisely removes introns from pre-mRNA to generate mature mRNA

Question 25

snRNPs

Answer 25

removes introns from pre-mRNA

Question 26

U1

Answer 26

binds to 5' splice site by complementing base pairing

Question 27

U2

Answer 27

base pairs with sequences at intron branch site and associates with U6

Question 28

U4

Answer 28

associates with U6 until U6 is needed and dissociates

Question 29

U5

Answer 29

associates with last nucleotide of upstream exon and first nucleotide of upstream intron and positions them together

Question 30

U6

Answer 30

binds to 5' splice site by base pairing and associates with U2

Question 31

Branch point binding protein (BBP)

Answer 31

interacts directly with mRNA, aides in splice site recognition

Question 32

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase

Answer 32

catalyzes charging reaction that links specific amino acids to tRNA molecules

Question 33

Ribosomal large subunit

Answer 33

two RNA strands, catalyzes chemical events in protein synthesis, peptide bond formation

Question 34

Ribosomal small subunit

Answer 34

decodes genetic information, formation of initiation complex

Question 35

Initiation factor 1

Answer 35

blocks elongator tRNA binding at A-site

Question 36

Initiation factor 2

Answer 36

transports initiator tRNA to P-site

Question 37

Initiation 3

Answer 37

checks P-site codon-anticodon pairing and rejects incorrect complexes

Question 38

EF-TU

Answer 38

catalyzes binding of aa-tRNA to A-site of ribosome, G-protein

Question 39

Class I release factors

Answer 39

recognize stop codons (UUA and UAG), bind to A-site of ribosome

Question 40

Class II release factors

Answer 40

enhances activity of class II release factors, recognizes UGA and UAA codons