Molec Bio

Question 1

One base pair of Dna has average molecular weight of __ daltons

Answer 1

660

Question 2

The sugar part of Rna is called

Answer 2

Ribose

Question 3

Proteins make up _% of eukaryotic cell’s weight

Answer 3

20%

Question 4

In Dna structure the energy of hydrogen bonding holds

Answer 4

The complimentary bases

Question 5

Function of tRNA

Answer 5

Carries each amino acid to the ribosome

Question 6

In humans there are __ cell types

Answer 6

320

Question 7

What is transcription

Answer 7

DNA sequence copied to an mRNA

Question 8

In eukaryotic cells, what enzyme is required for transcription of mRNA

Answer 8

RNA polymerase

Question 9

The central dogma

Answer 9

Flow of information from DNA through RNA to protein

Question 10

Polymerase chain reaction PCR is performed to

Answer 10

Amplify DNA

Question 11

During reverse transcriptase PCR

Answer 11

mRNA is converted to cDNA

Question 12

The PCR amplification plot follows the graphical curve of 2prime, where n is

Answer 12

The number of cycles

Question 13

The enzyme DNA polymerase can

Answer 13

Only extend annealed primers

The enzyme can be inactivated by 4 degrees Celsius

Question 14

Applications of PCR

Answer 14

Detection of pathogens
Paternity testing
Cloning
Gene expression analyses

Question 15

Limitations of basic PCR

Answer 15

False positivity
Inability to distinguish between live and dead pathogens
High equipment cost

Question 16

In real time PCR the quantity of amplicons in the exponential phase of the PCR is proportional to

Answer 16

The amount of initial template DNA (starting material)

Question 17

The temperature at which the template DNA strands are separated at 95 degrees Celsius is called

Answer 17

Denaturation temp

Question 18

Inverse PCR refers to

Answer 18

The primers are oriented in opposite directions to each other on the original template

Question 19

The high sensitivity of PCR is one reason to be cautious because

Answer 19

There is a high risk of false positive results if work environments are contaminated

Question 20

Steps to PCR amplification

Answer 20

Denaturing
Annealing
Extending

Question 21

Who invented the first small pox vaccine

Answer 21

Edward Jenner

Question 22

Define genome

Answer 22

Full set of chromosomes

Question 23

What was the first genome to be sequenced

Answer 23

Bacteriophage f-x174

Question 24

What is not involved in the regulation of gene expression

Answer 24

Ribosomal synthesis

Question 25

Promoters refer to

Answer 25

Regions in the genome that facilitate gene expression

Question 26

A full length mRNA isolated from e.coli would differ from a full length mRNA isolated from a mouse in that

Answer 26

The e.coli isolate contains no introns

Question 27

Polyadenylation of mRNA is a characteristic of

Answer 27

Eukaryotes

Question 28

In signal transduction, the response of a cell to a particular stimulus is the result of

Answer 28

The specificity of the stimulus and the specificity of the receptor on the cell

Question 29

Polycistronic mRNA

Answer 29

Contains information for more than one gene | Is a feature of prokaryotes not eukaryotes

Question 30

Completed transcription and translation are features of

Answer 30

Prokaryotes

Question 31

Not a type of intercellular signaling

Answer 31

Thermocrine

Question 32

The ___ operon consists of three genes each involved in processing the sugar ___

Answer 32

Lac Lactose

Question 33

Acts as a go or stop signal for transcription of the structural genes

Answer 33

Operator

Question 34

A functioning unit of genomic DNA containing a cluster of genes under the control of a single promoter

Answer 34

Operon

Question 35

Examples of mutation diseases

Answer 35

Sickle cell disease Huntingtons disease Multiple skin cancers

Question 36

Somatic mutations can lead to

Answer 36

Disease (cancer)

Question 37

Germ line mutations can lead to

Answer 37

Birth defects

Question 38

4 ways bacteria can change genetically

Answer 38

Mutation, transformations, transduction, conjugation

Question 39

DNA sequences in the vicinity of the structural portion of a gene that are required for gene expression

Answer 39

Cis- acting elements

Question 40

Factors, usually considered to be proteins , that bind to the cis-acting sequences to control gene expression

Answer 40

Trans acting factors

Question 41

DNA cloning /gene cloning involves:

Answer 41

Plasmids Inserts Enzymes Host cell

Question 42

The nucleus of human cells contains __ pairs of chromosomes

Answer 42

23