Molecules Cells & Genes Final

Question 1

What is applied science?

Answer 1

Science that is done for a purpose

Question 2

What is life?

Answer 2

The ability to correspond with the environment

Question 3

What is pure science?

Answer 3

Done to satisfy curiosity

Question 4

What are the 3 aspects of life?

Answer 4

Nutrition, respiration, and synthesis

Question 5

What is nutrition?

Answer 5

Taking in raw materials necessary for survival

Question 6

What is respiration?

Answer 6

The release of energy from hydrocarbons

Question 7

What is synthesis?

Answer 7

Putting things together

Question 8

What are the characteristics of life?

Answer 8

Grow, reproduce, respire, and react to stimuli

Question 9

What is an autotroph?

Answer 9

Self feeding, consumes inorganic materials

Question 10

What is a heterotroph?

Answer 10

Consumes other organisms

Question 11

Parthenogenesis

Answer 11

Females reproduce and lay eggs without fertilization

Question 12

Domains

Answer 12

Bacteria, archea, eukarya

Question 13

Diffusion

Answer 13

How molecules get into cells from high concentration to low concentration

Question 14

Osmosis

Answer 14

The diffusion of a solvent across a semi-permeable membrane

Question 15

crenation

Answer 15

cell shrinks in plants because water leaves

Question 16

Turgid

Answer 16

liquid pushes against plants walls causing pressure

Question 17

Lysis

Answer 17

Cell swells because too much water enters it

Question 18

Hypertonic

Answer 18

More solute (salt)

Question 19

Hypotonic

Answer 19

Less solute (salt)

Question 20

3 aspects of collision theory

Answer 20

Increased temperature, increased concentration, and catalyst present

Question 21

Oxidation

Answer 21

adding oxygen, removing hydrogen, or removing electron

Question 22

Reduction

Answer 22

taking away oxygen, adding hydrogen, or adding electron

Question 23

Isomers

Answer 23

chemicals with the same chemical composition but different structures

Question 24

Functional groups

Answer 24

Alcohol group, carbonyl group, organic acid, ester, amino group, phosphate group, disulfide group,

Question 25

Glycerol

Answer 25

3 carbon alcohol

Question 26

Primary structure of proteins

Answer 26

50 or more amino acids together

Question 27

Secondary structure of proteins

Answer 27

alpha helix and hydrogen bonding to hold the helix together

Question 28

Simple protein

Answer 28

only amino acids

Question 29

Conjugated protein

Answer 29

linked to other things

Question 30

Induced Fit Hypothesis

Answer 30

Substrate and enzyme come together, cofactor locks the enzyme onto substrate

Question 31

Competitive inhibitor

Answer 31

enzyme poisoning

Question 32

Chemical modifier

Answer 32

can turn on and off and enzyme

Question 33

allosteric inhibitor

Answer 33

change shape of enzyme, does not affect active site

Question 34

Enzyme inhibitors

Answer 34

competitive inhibitors, chemical modifiers, wrong pH, wrong temperature, chelator

Question 35

Plant tissues

Answer 35

meristematic and permanent tissues

Question 36

Meristematic Tissues

Answer 36

apical, lateral, and other

Question 37

Permanent Tissues

Answer 37

Fundamental, epidermal, and vascular tissues

Question 38

Long distance transport

Answer 38

moving materials from roots to leaves, let by xylem

Question 39

Short Distance Transport

Answer 39

Transport over a distance of 2-3 cells

Question 40

Stepwise process

Answer 40

Extract energy from hydrocarbons slowly to protect the organism

Question 41

Enzymes

Answer 41

All proteins are enzymes, control every reaction in the body

Question 42

Cytochrome System (Electron Transport System)

Answer 42

Takes electron with low energy and takes H2 to combine with oxygen to make water as a byproduct

Question 43

Glycolysis

Answer 43

First step of respiration, takes glucose and breaks it into a pyruvic acid, turns it into an acetylene group, then moves the product into the Krebs Cycle

Question 44

Dehydration synthesis

Answer 44

Make glycogen by removing H2O

Question 45

Beta oxidation (lipid respiration)

Answer 45

break off glycerol and get energy out of fatty acid by pulling out an acetylene group and putting it into the Krebs cycle

Question 46

Deomination

Answer 46

Ammonia goes through liver and turns it into urea which you pee out