monarchs and parliaments

Question 1

stuart age

Answer 1

a term for the period 1603 - 1714 during which stuarts were monarchs of england, scotland and ireland

Question 2

prerogative

Answer 2

the power of the crown, derived from the idea that the divine right to rule is given to the monarchs by god. the prerogative rights of the early monarchs included the right to call and dissolve parliament. the monarchs could also declare war. theoretically the monarch still holds such powers today

Question 3

subsidy

Answer 3

a form of economic support for a particular undertaking; in this case a sum of money to promote or aid crown policies such as warfare. the crown subsidies came from the form of parliament taxation, with a tax on land or any other form of property.

Question 4

patriarchal

Answer 4

a society controlled by men, the concept is related to patriarchalism a popular seventeenth century belief that god gave power to the farthers and that male monarchs could be seen as fathers to there people, concept used to reinforce obedience to the king

Question 5

great chain of being

Answer 5

contemporary phrase for the idea of an ordered society set in place by god; the idea held that everyone was linked to each other and must accept there place in society, whether they were born a poor peasant, a wealthy aristocrat, or somwhere in between

Question 6

paternalist

Answer 6

the idea that it is the fartherly duty of those above others in society to look after those beneath them, especially in times of hardship

Question 7

points of contact

Answer 7

communication between the political nation and the monarch was crusial for the functioning of the english political system the main points of contact were the court and parliament

Question 8

privy council

Answer 8

the kings selected advisers that met in private to shape the monarchs wishes into policies and oversee there implentations

Question 9

bedchamber

Answer 9

the monarchs privathe living space; the gentlemen of the bedchambers where courtiers who waited upon the monarch in these rooms there duties included providing companionship to the monarch; in the stuart ages, memebers of the bedchambers were important memebers of the court and there acess to the kimg meant they could enjoy great political influence

Question 10

factions

Answer 10

competing groups in politics; in this case, dissention groups based on personal or familie relationships that sought the favour of monarchs

Question 11

patronage

Answer 11

political sucsess that was established on creating a network of support. those further up the system could act as patrons to support clients lower down the system. throughout this support the clients could gain advancments and the patrons could both show off his power and use his clients to carry out tasks apporopiate to there place and connections. the political aim for all was to build and use a connections to move as close as possible to the king

Question 12

catholicism

Answer 12

the faith of the christian head church headed by the pope; in the eyes of many engish at the time, catholicism was linked with absalutism and the threat of both was symbolised by the power of spain and france

Question 13

court masque

Answer 13

a type of dramatic entertainment popular amongst the english nobility during the sixteenth and seventeenth century that included dancing and acting by masked players; the main performance were normally proffesionals, but amatuers like chalres and his court would sometimes take on silent roles

Question 14

puritanism

Answer 14

a radical form of protestanism; puritans saw themselves as the godly ones they sought to a further reformation of the church of england to remove the renmants of catholacism that remained after the reformation

Question 15

favourites

Answer 15

a courtier who became esspecially close to the monarchs and thereby gained enormous political influence; access to the monarch at court meant power

Question 16

inflation