MONKEYPOX Flashcards
is a rare zoonotic viral infection
Monkeypox l
Define the two clades of Monkeypox.
*Clade 1 (Congo Basin) known for higher virulence and mortality rates
*Clade 2 (West African) which is generally less virulent
What is the mortality rate of two clades of monkeypox
*Clade 1 have higher mortality rates (up to 10%)
*Clade 2 has lower mortality rates (around 1%).
What is the incubation period for Monkeypox?
3 to 17 days, with a possible extension up to 21 days.
Symptoms of Monkeypox.
FHM BSR
Fever
Headache
Muscle aches
Back pain
swollen lymph nodes
Rash that progresses to lesions
How is Monkeypox transmitted from animals to humans?
Through bites or scratches
What are the human-to-human transmission methods for Monkeypox?
SSR
Sexual intercourse
Skin-to-skin contact
Respiratory droplets
Define the infection control measures for Monkeypox.
PUH
Placing the patient in a single room with a dedicated bathroom
Using PPE like N95 masks and gloves
Hand-washing with 60% alcohol
Describe the recommended room conditions for a Monkeypox patient.
A Monkeypox patient should be placed in a negative pressure room and keep the door closed at all times
What personal protective equipment (PPE) is recommended for Monkeypox care?
N95 masks
Gloves
Gowns
Face/eye shields
How long does the Monkeypox virus typically stay in the environment?
15 days
What are the environmental transmission methods for Monkeypox?
contaminated environments via fomites and aerosols
Describe the contagious stage of Monkeypox
When the lesions are present
Describe the incubation period of the illness
The incubation period lasts 1-2 weeks, during which there are no symptoms and the individual is not contagious.
Refers to the early set of symptoms that may include fever, malaise, headache, sore throat, cough, and swollen lymph nodes.
Prodrome
Hallmark characteristic of monkeypox is ?
Lymphadenopathy
What are the different types of rash lesions and their characteristics?
MPV PS
Macules (flat, discolored spots
Papule (raised bumps from macules)
Vesicles (fluid-filled blisters from papules)
Pustules (pus-filled lesions from vesicles)
Scabs (dried crusts from healing lesions)
How long do macular and papular lesions last?
1-2 days
What is the duration of pustular lesions?
5-7 days
When does a person become contagious during the illness?
When lesions are fluid filled (vesicle or pustule) or when scabs are present
Describe the key characteristics of the lesions associated with this illness.
FW DUPI
Firm/rubbery
Well-circumcised
Deep-seated
Umbilication
Painful
Itchy, especially during the healing phase
How do lesions spread on the body?
Centrifugal
Lesions start in the face and palms, then spread to the hands, feet, arms, legs, central parts of the body, including the trunk, and finally to the oral mucosa and genital area.
What systemic symptoms accompany the lesions?
Systemic symptoms may include fever, headache, muscle aches, and swollen lymph nodes.
is a lipid conjugate of cidofovir that inhibits viral DNA synthesis by interfering with viral replication.
Brincidofovir (CMX001 or Tembexa)
