Mood Disorders

Question 1

According to the DSM-IV, a person May be diagnosed with Bipolar 1 disorder under what circumstances?

Answer 1

If they have had a single manic episode

If there most recent episode is a hypo maniac, manic, mixed, or depressed

Question 2

According to the DSM-IV, a person may be diagnosed with bipolar 2 disorder under what circumstances?

Answer 2

If they have a current episode of hypo mania or of depression

Question 3

Are mood disorders polygenic?

Answer 3

Yes

Question 4

Are mood disorders multifactorial?

Answer 4

Yes

Question 5

Which biomarkers are involved in mood disorders?

Answer 5

G72/G30, neutrophic factor, GRK3

Question 6

Neuroimage studies of mood disorders involve what?

Answer 6

Cortical/thalamus/lymbic circuit mainly hippocampus

Question 7

The amygdala is the..

Answer 7

Aversion center

Question 8

The nucleus accumbens is the..

Answer 8

Gratification center

Question 9

If the amygdala is stimulated what would the sítieme feel?

Answer 9

Fear

Question 10

If the nucleus accumbens is stimulated, what would the patient feel?

Answer 10

Joy pleasure

Question 11

If the amygdala has a lesion, what behaviors would the patient exhibit?

Answer 11

Placidity, hyperorality, hypermetamorphosis, hyperphagia, hyper sexuality

Question 12

If the nucleus accumbens of a patient is lesioned, what behaviors would the patient exhibit?

Answer 12

Addiction, impulsive behavior

Question 13

What is the principal neurotransmitter (s) in the amygdala?

Answer 13

Glutamate, serotonin, norepinephrine, epinephrine, dopamine

Question 14

What are the neurotransmitters in the nucleus accumbens?

Answer 14

Dopamine&raquo_space; serotonin, norepinephrine, epinephrine, glutamate

Question 15

Which drugs are common triggers for depression?

Answer 15

Antihypertensives and antiarrythmics

Question 16

Iatrogenic depression may be induced in the course of…

Answer 16

Glucocorticoids, antimicrobials, analgesics, antiparkinsoniasms and drugs for seizures

Question 17

Tricyclic antidepressants are contraindicated in people with what condition?

Answer 17

Bundle branch block

Question 18

Depression can increase the risk of what?

Answer 18

Coronary artery disease

Question 19

Are most drugs capable of inducing depression?

Answer 19

Yes

Question 20

What depression medication is indicated for patients with Heart failure?

Answer 20

SSRI because they do not interfere with anticoagulants

Question 21

What other medical conditions are related with depression?

Answer 21

cancer, stroke, Parkinson’s and also diabetes mellitus

Question 22

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors will induce what?

Answer 22

Hypoglycemia and increased body weight

Question 23

Tricyclic antidepressants will induce what?

Answer 23

Hyperglycemia and increased cravings for carbohydrates

Question 24

SSRI’s …

Answer 24

Decrease fast glycemia and are easiest to use and frequently improve compliance to diet and drug therapy

Question 25

Hypothyroidism is often associated with what?

Answer 25

Depression and memory disorders

Question 26

People with HIV also can suffer form what?

Answer 26

depression

Question 27

Alfa interferon treatment in HIV patients may do what?

Answer 27

Worsen the disease

Question 28

Chronic fatigue syndrome and fibromyalgia have a deep relation with...

Answer 28

Depression and anxiety which may respond to anticonvulsants such as pregabaline

Question 29

Patients with bipolar disorders have abnormalities that are secondary to their brian disorders such as...

Answer 29

Alzheimer’s disease or to the effects of long term drug treatment

Question 30

The Rajkiwska article suggests what?

Answer 30

that people with bipolar disorder have a reduction in neuronal and glial density in specific frontal brain regions

Question 31

Which drugs are indicated for the mania or mixed features of bipolar disorder?

Answer 31

Lithium, carbamazepine, divalprolex, lamotrigine

Question 32

Which drug is good for its anti suicidal effects in patients with bipolar disorder?

Answer 32

Lithium

Question 33

What is the age on onset for bipolar disorder?

Answer 33

Around age 20

Question 34

The first episode of bipolar disorder is usually

Answer 34

Depressive

Question 35

Either bipolar 1 or 2 depressive episodes are

Answer 35

Considerable longer than manic or hypo maniac

Question 36

What other disorders coexist with bipolar disorder?

Answer 36

Anxiety, substance use, personality disorders, ADHD,

Question 37

People who are bipolar experience change in...

Answer 37

Thought patterns (religious, disjoint, creative, flight of ideas, racing thoughts)

Question 38

People with bipolar disorder develop what?

Answer 38

Psychosis

Question 39

People with bipolar disorder have impaired...

Answer 39

Judgment (lack of insight, impulsiveness, hyper sexuality)

Question 40

People with bipolar disorder experience what?

Answer 40

mood changes (expansive mood, grandiosity)

Question 41

People with bipolar disorder have speech

Answer 41

Disruptions (clang association, pressured speech)

Question 42

People with bipolar disorder have suden changes in...

Answer 42

Energy and activity (restless, decreased sleep , goal oriented activities )