Mood drugs Flashcards
(42 cards)
Antihistamine anxiolytics (2)
Hydroxyzine
Diphenhidramine
Antihistaime anxioltyics: MOA
Inhibits H1 receptors
Antihistamine anxiolytic: indication
Anxiety
pruritis
sedation
What is is about anthistamines that limit their use in the elderly?
Anticholinergic impact
Antihypertensive anxiolytics (2)
Propanolol
Atenolol
Antihypertensive anxiolytic: MOA
Beta blockade
How do you dose BBs for anxiety?
At low doses
Antiseizure drugs/mood stabilizers (3)
Valproate (Depakote)
Carbamazepine (Tegretol)
Lamotrigine (Lamictal)
Antiseizure drugs/mood stabilizers: indication
Seizures
Mania
Aggression
Valproate: MOA
Increases [GABA]
Carbamazepine: MOA
Decr glutamate release
Lamotrigine:MOA
Block repetitive neuron firing
Benzo anxiolytics (5)
Diazepam (Valium) Oxezepam (Serax) Clonazepam (Klonopin) Alprazalam (Xanax) Lorazepam (Ativan)
Benzo anxiolytic: MOA
Binds to and stabilizes BZD receptor on post synaptic GABA neuron in limbic system…enhancing GABA impact
Diazepam: t 1/2
20-50 hours
up to 90 hours in elderly
active metabolite ~100 hours
Oxazepam: t 1/2
5-20 hours (inactive metabolite)
Hypnotics are a little more convoluted, so lets look more closely
And…….go!
Non-benzo hypnotics (3)
Zolpidem (Ambien)
Eszopiclone (Lunesta)
Zaleplon (Sonata)
Non-benzo hypnotic: MOA
Selective agonist for alpha1 benzo subunit on GABA receptor complex…increasing GABA impact
Non-benzo hypnotic: indicaton
Insomnia
Ambien and Sonata are short term use
Wackadoo crazy side effect of hypnotics…
Hazardous sleep-related activities/behaviors
Benzo sleep aid:
Temazepam (Restoril)
Temazepam: MOA
Binds to GABA, increasing GABA levels
Temazepam: PG category
X