moon notes

Question 1

Perigee

Answer 1

point when the moon is nearest to the earth

Question 2

Apogee

Answer 2

point when the moon is farthest from the earth

Question 3

moon rises and sets about how much later each day?

Answer 3

50 min later each day

Question 4

the moon?

Answer 4

Earths only natural satellite (smaller object that revolves around a large one)

Question 5

theories of the moon.

Answer 5

Earth and the moon formed at the same time,
The earth was spinning so fast that a chunk flew off,
Moon was formed elsewhere in the solar system and was captured by earths gravitational field,
Moon formed as a result of a collision between earth and a planet sizes object

Question 6

Maria

Answer 6

dark areas on the moon; Latin for sea

Question 7

Highlands

Answer 7

light areas on the moon; rugged

Question 8

Craters

Answer 8

created by meteorite impacts; some have rays extending from them

Question 9

what is waxing?

Answer 9

When the sunlit portion is getting smaller, (full moon to the new moon phase)

Question 10

LUNAR ECLIPSE

Answer 10

the earth’s shadow prevents the sunlight from reaching the moon

Question 11

SOLAR ECLIPSE

Answer 11

occurs when the moon comes in between the sun and the Earth and the moons shadow hits the earth surface, can only occur the new moon phase

Question 12

NEAP TIDE

Answer 12

occur when the sun/earth/moon are at 90 degree angle (first and last quarter moon phases)

Question 13

SPRING TIDE

Answer 13

occurs when the sun/earth/moon are in a straight line (new and full moon)

Question 14

Geosynchronous satellites

Answer 14

stay in orbit around one point over earth at all times

Question 15

Communications satellites

Answer 15

tv, radio, telephone, computers, sat phones ex: telstar,echo 1

Question 16

Weather

Answer 16

prediction, saves lives: t-storm, tornado, hurricane warnings ex:noaa,tiros

Question 17

Navigation

Answer 17

signals to ships, airplanes to pinpoint location ex: gps

Question 18

Scientific

Answer 18

solve old mysteries, make new discoveries (hubble space telescope)
• Describe some ways satellites affect your life. phone, tv, weather prediction, radio, computer
• Describe some new products that have come about because new advances in science. cold weather clothing, diving suit, insulin pump, pacemakers, light tennis rackets, fabric w/stands temp. variations, gel packs, velcro

Question 19

Skylab

Answer 19

usa’s first lab in space, 1973 so astronauts could perform experiments in space

Question 20

Salyut

Answer 20

ussr’s first lab in space, early 1970”s

Question 21

Spacelab

Answer 21

usa’s 2nd lab in space, 1980’s carried to space by space shuttle for experiments

Question 22

Mir

Answer 22

ussr’s 2nd lab in space, 1986, largest and most complex space station of its time;

Question 23

International space station

Answer 23

began in 1995; 16 nations involved

Question 24

space probes

Answer 24

Designed to study the
planets/moons in our solar system b/c humans can not go. Pioneer,
Viking, Explorer, Mariner, Voyager. Started in the 1960’s and continue now. First to close planets like Venus and Mars, then to
each planet with great pictures beamed back.

Question 25

Optical

Answer 25

light gathering – uses your eyes

Question 26

Refracting

Answer 26

lenses focus light, Used to see our Solar System and near stars, moons, planets, near by nebula, in 1609 Galileo invented it

Question 27

Reflecting

Answer 27

mirrors focus light, Used to see farther objects, other galaxies, Newton invented it.

Question 28

Radio telescopes

Answer 28

curved dish gathers radio waves from stars, galaxies, focuses onto an antenna and to computer for images, can “see” the farthest and is used day and night.

Question 29

Infrared telescopes

Answer 29

collects heat and energy from stars, galaxies far away

Question 30

Ultraviolet telescopes

Answer 30

collects UV rays

Question 31

X-ray telescopes

Answer 31

collects x-rays

Question 32

Hubble Space Telescope

Answer 32

1990 taken outside our atmosphere still in orbit. Found: new moons of Saturn, new galaxies (!), new solar systems (planets), black holes

Question 33

Ptolemy

Answer 33

Greek, 1000’s “The Prince of Astronomers” knew Earth was round, size of Earth had been calculated, most noted for believing that Sun and other planets went around Earth in circular orbits

Question 34

Copernicus

Answer 34

Polish, 1500’s showed that the Earth and planets orbited around Sun in circles

Question 35

Kepler

Answer 35

German, 1500’s found elliptical orbits of planets

Question 36

Newton

Answer 36

English, 1600’s laws of gravity (pull planets into Sun) and inertia (motion causes planet to move in straight line) keep planets in orbit. Newton’s third law of motion – every action has an equal and opposite reaction

Question 37

Jules Verne

Answer 37

Wrote “From the Earth to the Moon” 1865 and “Round the Moon” 1870. Master storyteller of adventures to the moon with scientific basis. Society gets caught up in dreaming of space. Later had a crater on the moon named after him.

Question 38

HG Wells

Answer 38

1898 wrote the Martian classic “War of the Worlds” broadcast over the radio and had Americans running for their lives! Later had a crater on the moon named after him.

Question 39

Ptolemy

Answer 39

Greek, 1000’s “The Prince of Astronomers” knew Earth was round, size of Earth had been calculated, most noted for believing that Sun and other planets went around Earth in circular orbits

Question 40

Copernicus

Answer 40

Polish, 1500’s showed that the Earth and planets orbited around Sun in circles

Question 41

Kepler

Answer 41

German, 1500’s found elliptical orbits of planets

Question 42

Newton

Answer 42

English, 1600’s laws of gravity (pull planets into Sun) and inertia (motion causes planet to move in straight line) keep planets in orbit. Newton’s third law of motion – every action has an equal and opposite reaction

Question 43

Jules Verne

Answer 43

Wrote “From the Earth to the Moon” 1865 and “Round the Moon” 1870. Master storyteller of adventures to the moon with scientific basis. Society gets caught up in dreaming of space. Later had a crater on the moon named after him.

Question 44

HG Wells

Answer 44

1898 wrote the Martian classic “War of the Worlds” broadcast over the radio and had Americans running for their lives! Later had a crater on the moon named after him.