More Test1 Review

Question 1

Router(symbol)

Answer 1

circle with 2 arrows in & 2 arrows out

Question 2

Switch(symbol)

Answer 2

square with two arrows facing left & 2 facing right.

Question 3

HUB(symbol)

Answer 3

square with double-sided arrow (pointing left & right)

Question 4

Server(symbol)

Answer 4

3-D rectangle.

Question 5

Bridge(symbol)

Answer 5

square with sunken top.

Question 6

Ethernet/LAN(symbol)

Answer 6

solid line

Question 7

WAN(symbol)

Answer 7

lightning bolt

Question 8

Hardware firewall(symbol)

Answer 8

3-D brick wall

Question 9

Repeater

Answer 9

amplifies a signal

Question 10

Multiplexer(MUX)

Answer 10

turns many inputs into one output

Question 11

Modem

Answer 11

changes signal from WAN to LAN

Question 12

wireless access point(WAP)

Answer 12

self-explanatory

Question 13

wireless range extender

Answer 13

similar to repeater - amplifies signal

Question 14

Bridge

Answer 14

old version of a switch (predecessor of modern switches). It’s called a bridge because there’s only 2 ends. Connects one network segment to only one other

Question 15

Network interface card(NIC)

Answer 15

allows a device to connect to the internet

Question 16

Network address translator(NAT)

Answer 16

translates private IP to public IP address & vice versa.

Question 17

Bus topology

Answer 17

every component/computer shares the same line. Only one device at a time can send a signal over the bus

Question 18

ring topology

Answer 18

like a bus but both ends are connected in a circle. devices use tokens to communicate. used when devices must run in a particular order, like a nuclear power plant.

Question 19

star topology

Answer 19

HUB or switch in middle and all devices connected to it. Device sends signal to HUB. once it receives a signal/packet in a port, it will distribute it to all other ports on the network. not very efficient. Physically a star but logically a bus

Question 20

HUB & spoke

Answer 20

only used for routers

Question 21

full mesh

Answer 21

All nodes connected to all others. number of links = n(n-1)/2 where n is the number of nodes

Question 22

client/server (C/S) mode

Answer 22

client requests a service from server

Question 23

Peer-to-peer (P2P)

Answer 23

both nodes function as a client & server

Question 24

Which layers can communicate with each other in the OSI model?

Answer 24

Only neighboring layers

Question 25

port for world wide web

Answer 25

80

Question 26

port for ssh

Answer 26

22

Question 27

of bits in IPV4 & IPV6

Answer 27

32 & 128

Question 28

media access control (MAC) address

Answer 28

a unique identifier assigned to a network interface controller (NIC) for use as a network address in communications within a network segment

Question 29

Layers of OSI model

Answer 29

``` 7 - Application 6 - Presentation 5 - Session 4 - Transport 3 - Network 2 - Data Link 1 - Physical ```

Question 30

Data unit for physical layer

Answer 30

Bits

Question 31

Data unit for data link layer

Answer 31

frames

Question 32

Data unit for network layer

Answer 32

packets

Question 33

Data unit for transport layer

Answer 33

segments

Question 34

TCP/IP stack layers

Answer 34

Application Transport Internet Network interface

Question 35

What layers do the Network interface layer of the TCP/IP stack correspond to in the OSI model?

Answer 35

Data link & physical

Question 36

What layers does the application layer of the TCP/IP stack correspond to in the OSI model?

Answer 36

Application presentation session

Question 37

Physical layer purpose

Answer 37

This is how bits are represented on the medium. Controls bit rate control & synchronization, bandwidth usage, etc.

Question 38

Physical layer components

Answer 38

Cat 6, Cat 7, RJ-45 standards, physical topologies, broadband or baseband, multiplexing (TDM/FDM)

Question 39

Data link layer purpose

Answer 39

Responsible for node-to-node delivery of the message and makes sure data transfer is error-free from one node to another, over the physical layer. Connection services, flow control, error control, synchronization, physical addressing, & framing.

Question 40

Data link layer components

Answer 40

Media access control(MAC), logic link control(LLC)

Question 41

network layer purpose

Answer 41

Transmits data from one host to the other located in different networks. Also does routing. Involves logical addressing, switching, route discovery & selection, connection services.

Question 42

network layer components

Answer 42

IP addressing, packet/circuit/message switching, routing protocols

Question 43

transport layer purpose

Answer 43

TCP/UDP. Flow control(windowing, buffering), error control. Provides services to app layer and takes services from network layer. Represents end-to-end delivery of entire message.

Question 44

Session layer purpose

Answer 44

setting up & maintaining & tearing down a session. Also authentication & security, synchronization & dialog controller.

Question 45

presentation layer purpose

Answer 45

aka translation layer. Data formatting(ASCII), encryption, data compression.

Question 46

App layer purpose

Answer 46

HTTP, FTP, SMTP. Produces data which has to be transferred over the network. Functions = virtual network terminal, mail services, file transfer. directory services.

Question 47

3 types of IP address & what they do

Answer 47

unicast - single source device to single destination device. Broadcast - single source to all devices on network Multicast - single source to multiple, but specific, devices on a network

Question 48

Class A IP address starting digit & range of first octet

Answer 48

first bit = 0 | range: 0-127

Question 49

Class B IP address starting digits & range of first octet

Answer 49

first bit = 10 | range: 128-191

Question 50

Class C IP address starting digits & range of first octet

Answer 50

first bit = 110 | range: 192-223

Question 51

Class D IP address starting digits & range of first octet

Answer 51

first bit = 1110 range: 224-239 reserved for multicasting

Question 52

Class E IP address starting digits & range of first octet

Answer 52

first bit = 1111 range: 240-255 reserved for future use

Question 53

Structure of IPV6 address

Answer 53

ABCD:0123:4040:0000:0000:0000:000A:000B | Written in hex separated by colons

Question 54

IPV6 abbreviations

Answer 54

Leading 0's can be omitted, contiguous groups of 0's can be represented as double colon. ABCD:123:4040::A:B

Question 55

IPV6 network address range

Answer 55

First 48 bits are for internet routing

Question 56

IPV6 subnet range

Answer 56

16 bits from the 49th to 64th

Question 57

Device (interface) range

Answer 57

last 64 bits

Question 58

Regional internet registry(RIR)

Answer 58

Guidelines for assigning IPV6 addresses to countries. Minimum of 12 prefix bits.

Question 59

IPV6 anycast

Answer 59

Traffic travels for a single source device to the nearest of multiple, but specific, devices on a network

Question 60

APIPA

Answer 60

Automatic Private IP Addressing. Used when a device does not have a static IP address and/or cannot contact a DHCP server. Allows a network device to assign itself an IP address.

Question 61

Default Gateway

Answer 61

A router that knows how to forward packets on to other networks.

Question 62

BOOTP

Answer 62

Older dynamic addressing protocol. Assigned only IP, subnet mask, & default gateway.

Question 63

DHCP

Answer 63

Based on BOOTP. Assigns IP, subnet mask, & default gateway. Assigns DNS server & other variables related to VoIP

Question 64

DHCP 4-way handshake

Answer 64

Client/server. | Discovery ->