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Morells' Most Common Flashcards

1
Q

Most common cause of primary adrenal insufficiency (addisons)

A

autoimmune, TB

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2
Q

Most common lab abnormalities in addisons

A

hyponatremia, and hyperkalemia

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3
Q

Most common cause of secondary adrenal insufficiency

A

exogenous steroid use

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4
Q

most common manfwstation of MEN I

A

hyperparathyroidism from hyperplasia

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5
Q

most common manifestation of MENII

A

medullary thyroid cacner

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6
Q

what is the most common precipitant of myxedema coma?

A

hypothermia, so suspect if you pulled someone out of the arctic! recall myedema coma is being very hypothyroid

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7
Q

what is the most common cause of hypercalcemia in the hospitalized patient?

A

cancer

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8
Q

what is the most common cause of hypercalcemia in all comers?

A

primary hyperparathyroidism

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9
Q

most common cause of hypomagnesoiam

A

iatrogenic

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10
Q

what is the most common complication of TPN?

A

hepatic complication including cholestatis, steatosis, elevated LFTs, fibrosis, cirrhosis and irreverisble hepatic failure

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11
Q

what is the most dangerous complication of TPN

A

hyperglycemia, commonly caused by spesis

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12
Q

most common site of aortic laceration

A

distal to left subclavian artery

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13
Q

most common blunt organ injured in trauma

A

spleen

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14
Q

most common organ to be hurt in penetrating trauma

A

Small bowel, another place says liver..

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15
Q

most commonly injured cranial nerve injury

A

1

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16
Q

most common electrolyte abnormality after head injury

A

hyponatremia likely SIADH

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17
Q

most common cause of fetal death during trama

A

maternal death, hence all efforts go to saving mom

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18
Q

most common mediastinal malignancies?

A

neurogenic tumors like thymoms and lymphoma

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19
Q

most common anterior mediastinal mass

A

thymoma (thymic lesion)

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20
Q

most common cyst in middle compartment

A

pericardial cyst

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21
Q

most common complication with fracturs

A

pulmonary , wihch has decreased incidence with fixation

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22
Q

most common presentation of craniopharyngeal cancer is?

A

neck mass due to cervical mestastasis, and then unilateral nasal obstruction once it gets large

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23
Q

what is the most common facial fracture

A

nasal

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24
Q

what is the most common site of head and neck cacner?

A

SCC in the oral cavity, usually anterior 2/3rds of the tongue

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25
what is the most common type of thyroid mass?
papillary mass is 70% of the time, which also has the best prognosis after total thyroidectomy
26
what is the most common skin cancer?
its not melanoma, its BCC. and its the Nodular form of BCC with the telengiectasia
27
what is the second most common cancer after BCC?
SCC types are verrucous, ulverative Tx is excision with 5-10mm margins
28
most common site of melanoma in men?
back
29
most common site of melanoma in women?
legs
30
what is the most common melanoma in the nails and toes?
acral lentigious- the melanoma that darker skinned peopled get. Very aggressive. men have worse prognosis than women
31
what is the most common type of melanoma overall?
superficial spreading - hence the ABCDE rule of melanoma ( assymetric, irrg border, colors, diameter over 6mm)
32
what is the most common hand infection in Canada?
paronychia - infection of the nail folds on the side of the finger
33
what is the most common cause of sepsis in burn patients?
pneumonia
34
most common infecting organism in burns patients
staph
35
what nutrition do you need in burns
25kcal/kg as baseline then + 40kcal/ % TBSA ( curerri formula) protein: 3g/ kg/day
36
what do you add for burns inhalational for parkland?
you add 2cc/kg/%TBSA to the parkland formula ( aka they need more fluids)
37
most common cancers that go to brain
lung, breast, kidney ( if youre a smoker get used ot the idea of cancer moving into your brain)
38
most common cancer to bleed?
melanoma
39
most common cause of air embolism
CVC line, esp with pump
40
treatment of air embolism?
place patient head down, on their left side ( so that the air bubble goes into the right ventricle and we can breathe easy for a second)
41
what is the most common cause of significant GI bleed?
duodenal ulcer
42
most common cause of green/straw colored nipple discharge
FIbrocystic breast lesion - benign usually, cancerous in only 1%
43
what is the most common benign breast lump in women?
fibroadenoma
44
most common cause of breast mass after trauma
fat necrosis
45
most common cause of bloody nipple discharge?
papilloma- a bening intraductal polyp that causes an issue , tx is just to excise the involved duct
46
what is the most common met of breast cacner?
bone
47
what is the most common type of breast cancer seen
invasive ductal (90%), then its invasive lobular at 10%. So the ducts undergo more cell turnover and are the higher source of cancer
48
most common site of colon cancer metastasis?
liver
49
most common type of colorectal polyp?
tubular villous adenoma, and anyways any polyp over 2cm has malignant potential
50
what is the most common ovarian mass?
benign cystic teratoma
51
what isthe leading cause of death in the ICU
MODS - multiorgan dysfunctin usually startginw ith ARDS or ALi
52
most common source of of cardaic embolism?
L atrium
53
most common cause of isolated aortic insufficiency
congential bicuspid valve, Marfans
54
Most common cause of postop death?
cardiac complications, | this is followed by sepsis
55
most common cause of AS
acquired, wither through rheumatic heart disease or degneration
56
most common non surgical site infection in the postoperative patient
UTI
57
most common cause of death from noscomial infection
pneumonia
58
most common cause of Ceutzfeld jacob?
corneal transplant
59
most common cause of sepsis in burns patients?
pneumonia
60
most common cause of complication from immunosupression
bacterial infection
61
what has the highest rate of infection post transplant?
pancreas
62
what has the lowest rate of infection post transplant?
kidney. youre watching out for DNA viruses mostly including CMV
63
most common skin infection bug in humans
staph viridans
64
most common tumor post radiation
leukemia
65
what is the most common lung cancer
adenocarcinoma
66
what is the most common primary malignant tumor
osteosarcoma with over 50% of these people having a history of pagents
67
most common type of hand tumor
endochondroma
68
most common type of non hodkids lymphoma
diffuse large B cell
69
most common complications of massive transfusion
1) dilutional thrombocytopenia - hence need to give plts aswell after 4-6 units 2) hypothermia 3) alkalosis because citrate gets converted to bicarb citrate causes 4)hypoCA
70
most common cause of cardiac arrest after massive transfusion
hypothermia causing VF
71
most common disorders leading to procogulant states
Protein C and Factor V Leiden
72
most common but cultured from UTI
proteus
73
sepsis following blood transfuion is usually from what bug?
pseudomonas
74
most common cause of febrile reaction following trasnfusion?
WBC alloantibodies
75
most common life threatening issues from tracheostomy
accidental decannulation
76
anterior cord syndrome means
you have decreased pain and motor below the level of the injury
77
most common malignancy in men
prostate cancer, adenocarcinoma
78
most common cause of SVC syndrome?
lung cancer
79
best treatment for a fusibacterium infection?
flagyl
80
splenectomy vaccination is for?
Hemophilus Influenza, meningococcus, psedomonas
81
most common pediatric tumor of sympathetic nerve origin
neuroblastoma
82
what is the most common extracellular ion?
Na
83
what is the most common transport form of c02
carbonic acid

POS Studying (11 decks)

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