Mortality

Question 1

3 purposes of death rates

Answer 1

1. peer review
2. patient care improvement
3. provided appropriate care?

Question 2

patient expires during inpatient hospitalization

Answer 2

inpatient death

Question 3

infant who shows sign of life at birth and expires during the same admission as birth

Answer 3

newborn death

Question 4

no sign of life at birth

Answer 4

fetal death

Question 5

another term for fetal death

Answer 5

stillbirth

Question 6

patient expires at a time other than during inpatient hospitalization

Answer 6

outpatient death

Question 7

death of patient at home or en route to a hospital

Answer 7

outpatient death

Question 8

death during outpatient procedure

Answer 8

outpatient death

Question 9

occurs prior to complete expulsion or extraction in a hospital facility (outside the hospital not included)

Answer 9

hospital fetal deaths

Question 10

for hospital fetal deaths, duration of _____ doesn’t matter

Answer 10

pregnancy

Question 11

fetal deaths are only included in the _____ death rate

Answer 11

fetal

Question 12

3 deaths not included in death rates

Answer 12

1. DOA
2. fetal
3. outpatient (ER, home care, ambulatory care)

Question 13

death rate should be under __%

Answer 13

10%

Question 14

t or f. most death rates combine A&C and newborn data

Answer 14

t

Question 15

all ip deaths are counted with no exclusions

Answer 15

gross

Question 16

gross with exclusions

Answer 16

net

Question 17

formula: gross death rate

Answer 17

IP + NB deaths/IP + NB discharges

Question 18

used based on the belief that if a patient expires in less than 48 hours there was insufficient time to diagnose and treat a life-threatening disorder

Answer 18

net death rate

Question 19

net death rates assess death based on a more adequate _____

Answer 19

treatment time frame

Question 20

net death rate more accurately reflects the hospital’s ability to ____

Answer 20

save lives

Question 21

formula: net death rate

Answer 21

(IP + NB deaths - deaths < 48 hours)
/
(IP + NB discharges - deaths < 48 hours)

Question 22

the ratio of post-operative deaths to the total number of patients operated on in a given time period

Answer 22

post-operative death rate

Question 23

postoperative death is assigned to patients expiring less than ___ days post-op

Answer 23

10

Question 24

in postoperative death, there is uncertainty regarding these 2 causes

Answer 24

1. complications

2. medical condition

Question 25

formula: postop death rate

Answer 25

(# deaths < 10 days post-op) / (# pts operated on)

Question 26

in post-op infections, the rate was based on ____

Answer 26

operations

Question 27

in post-op deaths, the rateis based on ____ because ____

Answer 27

number of patients; patients can only die once

Question 28

the ration of deaths caused by anesthetic agents for a period to the number of anesthetics administered for that period

Answer 28

anesthetic death rate

Question 29

anesthetic death rate is usually tabulated ____ because relatively few occur

Answer 29

annually

Question 30

formula: anesthetic death rate

Answer 30

(# deaths due to anesthesia) / (# anesthetics administered)

Question 31

3 types of maternal deaths

Answer 31

1. direct 2. indirect 3. non-obstetric

Question 32

maternal death type: deaths due to pregnancy

Answer 32

direct

Question 33

maternal death type: not directly due to obstetric causes but aggravated by the pregnant condition

Answer 33

indirect

Question 34

maternal death type: death not related to pregnancy; woman happens to be pregnant

Answer 34

non-obstetric maternal death

Question 35

formula: maternal death rate

Answer 35

``` # direct maternal deaths / # obstetric discharges ```

Question 36

patient born in hospital during current admission

Answer 36

newborn

Question 37

from birth up to 28 days of age

Answer 37

neonate

Question 38

for stats purposes, from birth to one year of age

Answer 38

infant

Question 39

formula: neonatal death rate

Answer 39

``` # neonatal deaths / # neonatal discharges incl. deaths ```

Question 40

formula: infant death rate

Answer 40

``` # infant deaths / # infant discharges incl. deaths ```

Question 41

the ratio of fetal deaths to the total number of births in a given time period

Answer 41

fetal death rates

Question 42

fetal deaths are excluded from all ______ except _____

Answer 42

hospital mortality rates; fetal death rates

Question 43

3 types of fetal deaths

Answer 43

1. early 2. intermediate 3. late

Question 44

death of a fetus weighing less than 500 grams or less than 20 completed weeks of gestation

Answer 44

early fetal death

Question 45

death after 20 completed weeks to less than 28 completed weeks of gestation

Answer 45

intermediate fetal death

Question 46

death after 28+ completed weeks of gestation

Answer 46

late fetal death

Question 47

more common term for early fetal death

Answer 47

spontaneous abortion

Question 48

t or f. spontaneous abortions are different than an induced termination of pregnancy (therapeutic)

Answer 48

t

Question 49

more common term for intermediate fetal deaths

Answer 49

stillbirth

Question 50

formula: fetal death rate

Answer 50

``` # ____ fetal deaths / # births + _____ fetal deaths ```

Question 51

inspection of dead body to determine cause of death

Answer 51

autopsy

Question 52

any autopsy performed by the hospital pathologist or designated physician

Answer 52

hospital autopsy

Question 53

hospital autopsies include these 3 patients

Answer 53

1. inpatients 2. outpatients 3. former patients

Question 54

elected/appointed official who investigates any deaths due to uncertain or unnatural causes

Answer 54

coroner

Question 55

t or f. a coroner is a physician

Answer 55

f

Question 56

a physician-usually pathologist-who determines cause of death when death doesn't occur under natural circumstances

Answer 56

medical examiner

Question 57

examples of deaths reported to coroner

Answer 57

criminal/violent deaths, suicides, sudden unexpected deaths, suspicious circumstances, accidents

Question 58

the ratio of inpatient autopsies to all inpatient deaths during a given period of time

Answer 58

gross autopsy rates

Question 59

formula: gross autopsy rate

Answer 59

``` # IP autopsies + NB / # IP deaths + NB ```

Question 60

subtraction from gross death rate of cases released to legal authorities and thus not available for hospital autopsy

Answer 60

net autopsy rate

Question 61

if a hospital pathologist performs an autopsy on behalf of the ME is it included in the net autopsy rate?

Answer 61

yes

Question 62

formula: net autopsy rate

Answer 62

``` # ip + nb autopsies / # ip + nb deaths - unautopsied cases released to ME ```

Question 63

the ratio of hospital autopsies to the number of deaths of hospital patients whose bodies were available for hospital autopsy

Answer 63

hospital autopsy rates

Question 64

hospital autopsies are performed by the ____

Answer 64

hospital pathologies

Question 65

hospital autopsies do not include _____ that were removed from the hospital and autopsied elsewhere

Answer 65

coroner's ME cases

Question 66

what constitutes as a hospital patient whose body was available and autopsied?

Answer 66

1. person treated in hospital as either IP or OP at some time in past 2. DOAs 3. ER patients 4. other OPs 5. other former hospital patients even if died elsewhere, as long as autopsied by HP

Question 67

hospital autopsy rates exclude these 2 deaths

Answer 67

1. fetal deaths | 2. ME cases not in hospital and autopsied elsewhere

Question 68

formula: hospital autopsy rate

Answer 68

(hospital ip/op deaths + hp autopsies + me cases done by hp) / (ip/op deaths + other deaths autopsied - ip/op ME cases not done by hp)