Mosby’s Clinical Chemisty Chapter 4

Question 1

What is whole blood composed of?

Answer 1

Fluid and cellular components

Question 2

What is plasma?

Answer 2

Fluid portion of blood in which cells are suspended

Question 3

What is serum?

Answer 3

The fluid portion with fibrinogen protein removed

Question 4

What does a lipemic serum look like and what is it caused by?

Answer 4

Cloudy, excessive liquids
Often because of diet, metabolic disease or inadequate fasting

Question 5

What does hemolytic serum look like and what is it caused by?

Answer 5

Pink to reddish tint
Damage to red blood cells

Question 6

What does icteric serum look like and what is it caused by?

Answer 6

Yellow tinge
Indicative of liver disease except in certain species in which it can be normal

Question 7

What is the best anticoagulant for plasma samples?

Answer 7

Heparin

Question 8

What anticoagulant is preferred if doing electrolyte assays?

Answer 8

Lithium heparin

Question 9

EDTA is the anticoagulant of choice for what kind of test?

Answer 9

Hematologic tests

Question 10

Sodium fluoride anticoagulants are best used for running?

Answer 10

Glucose assays

Question 11

What anticoagulant is best for running coagulation assays?

Answer 11

Citrate

Question 12

Spectrophometers are designed to measure?

Answer 12

The amount of light transmitted through a solution

Question 13

Electrochemical methods are used to evaluate?

Answer 13

Electrolytes and other ionic compounds

Question 14

What is it called when there are elevations on both blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine?

Answer 14

Azotemia

Question 15

BUN increased when urine output ______
BUN decreases when urine output______

Answer 15

Decreases
Increases

Question 16

What does urea nitrogen evaluate?

Answer 16

Glomerular filtration and renal function

Question 17

What are some prerenal factors?

Answer 17

Shock and dehydration

Question 18

What are some postrenal factors?

Answer 18

Obstruction in the ureters, bladder, or urethra

Question 19

What is a more reliable indicator of kidney function than creatinine?

Answer 19

SDMA

Question 20

The pancreatic endocrine functions involves?

Answer 20

The production of the hormones glucagon and insulin

Question 21

The pancreatic exocrine functions involves?

Answer 21

The production and release of the enzymes lipase, amylase, and trypsin into the duodenum for digestion

Question 22

What is hyperglycemia?

Answer 22

High blood glucose

Question 23

What is hypoglycemia

Answer 23

Low blood glucose

Question 24

_______ release directly stimulates ______ release.

Answer 24

Glucagon
Insulin

Question 25

What is the hypoglycemic hormone that lowers blood glucose?

Answer 25

Insulin

Question 26

What is amylase and what does it do?

Answer 26

Amylase is an enzyme that acts to break down complex starches and glucagon

Question 27

What is lipase and what does it do?

Answer 27

Lipase is an enzyme that breaks down the long-chain fatty acids of lipids into fatty acids and glycerol