MOSBYs Flashcards
(47 cards)
what drugs may increase serum CO2 and HCO3-
aldosterone, barbiturates, bicarbonates, ethacrynic acid, hydrocortisone, loop diuretics, mercurial diuretics, steroids
what drugs may decrease CO2
methicillin, nitrofurantoin, paraldehyde, tetracycline, diuretics, triamterene
what are signs of hypochloremia
hyper excitability of nervous system and muscles, shallow breathing, hypotension, and tetany
what are signs of hyperchloremia
lethargy, weakness, and deep breathing
what are drugs that may increase serum chloride
acetazolamide, ammonium chloride, androgens, chlorothiazide, cortisone preparations, estrogens, guanethidine, hydrochlorothiazide, methyldopa, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
what drugs may decrease blood chloride
aldosterone, bicarbonates, corticosteroids, cortisone, hydrocortisone, loop diuretics, thiazide diurettics, triamterene
what is the normal BUN ratio
between 6-25 with ideal at 15.5
what drugs may increase creatine
ACE inhibitors, ahminoglycosides, cimetidine, heavy metal chemotherapeutic agents, and other nephrotoxic drugs such as cephalosporins
what drugs may increase blood glucose levels
antidepressants, antipsychotics, beta-adrenergic blocking agents, corticosteroids, cyclosporine, IV dextrose infusion, dextrothyroxine, diazoxide, diuretics, epinephrine, estrogens, glucagon, isoniazid, lithium, niacin, phenothiazines, phenytoin, salicylates, triamterene
what is the normal intracellular potassium concentration
150 mEq/L
what is the normal serum potassium concentration
4 mEq/L
what are signs of hyperkalemia
irritability, nausea, vomiting, intestinal colic, diarrhea
what are signs of hypokalemia
decrease in contractility of smooth, skeletal and cardiac muscle
what are some drugs that may increase potassium level
aminocaproic acid, antibiotics, antineoplastic drugs, captopril, epinephrine, heparin, histamine, isoniazid, lithium, mannitol, potassium-sparing diuretics, potassium supplements and succinylcholine
what drugs may decrease potassium level
acetazolamide, aminosalicyclic acid, glucose infusions, amphotericin B, carbenicillin, cisplatin, diuretics, insulin, laxatives, lithium carbonate, penicillin G sodium, phenothiazines, salicyclates (aspirin)
what drugs may increase sodium level
anabolic steroids, antibiotics, carbenicillin, clonidine, corticosteroids, cough medicines, estrogens, laxatives, methyldopa, and oral contraceptives
what drugs may decrease sodium level
ACE inhibitors, captopril, carbamazepine, diuretics, haloperidol, heparin non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, sodium free IV fluids, sulfonylureas, triamterene, tricyclic antidepressants and vasopressin
what drugs may increase BUN
allopurinol, ahminoglycosides, cephalosporins, nephrotoxic drugs, propranolol, rifampin, spironolactone, tetracyclines, thiazide diuretics, triamterene
drugs that may decrease BUN
chloramphenicol and streptomycin
what is the normal value for hematocrit in a male
42-52%
what is the normal value for hematocrit in female
37-47%
what drugs may decrease hematocrit
chloramphenicol and penicillin
what do decreased values of hemoglobin indicate
anemia
what do increased levels of hemoglobin indicate
erythrocytosis
