Motion and Forces

Question 1

what is a place or object used for comparison to determine if something is in motion?

Answer 1

reference point

Question 2

how do you know if an object is in motion?

Answer 2

If it changes position relative to a reference point.

Question 3

in science, what system is used to measure distance, mass, volume?

Answer 3

International System of Units (metric)

Question 4

the standard unit to measure distance

Answer 4

meter

Question 5

1,000 meters

Answer 5

kilometer

Question 6

1/100th of a meter

Answer 6

centimeter

Question 7

how many millimeters make a centimeter?

Answer 7

10

Question 8

what is the term for the distance an object travels per unit of time?

Answer 8

speed

Question 9

what is the formula for speed?

Answer 9

S=D/T

Question 10

how to you determine average speed?

Answer 10

divide the total distance traveled by the total time traveled

Question 11

what is the term for speed in a given direction?

Answer 11

velocity

Question 12

to graph motion, how would the axes be labeled?

Answer 12

time on the x axis and distance on the y axis

Question 13

on a graph, what tells you how fast distance changes in relation to time?

Answer 13

the slope

Question 14

on a distance-versus-time graph, what does a steep slope tell you about the speed of the object?

Answer 14

the steeper the slope, the faster the speed

Question 15

on a time distance graph, what does a flat line indicate about the speed?

Answer 15

the speed is zero

Question 16

what is the term for the rate at which velocity changes?

Answer 16

acceleration

Question 17

how can you tell if an object is accelerating?

Answer 17

if it changes speed, changes direction or decreases the speed

Question 18

speeding up means

Answer 18

accelerating

Question 19

if you calculate the change in speed per unit of time, you are measuring…

Answer 19

acceleration

Question 20

what SI units are used for acceleration?

Answer 20

m/s/s or m/s2

Question 21

what is the formula for acceleration?

Answer 21

A=final speed - initial speed/ time

Question 22

if the final speed is 60m/s and the initial speed is 0m/s and the time of travel is 10 s, what is the acceleration?

Answer 22

6 m/s/s or 6 m/s2

Question 23

on an acceleration graph does a flat line mean the object is not moving?

Answer 23

No, it just means that it is not accelerating…the speed is constant.

Question 24

what does a curved line on a distance vs. time graph indicate?

Answer 24

the object is accelerating

Question 25

a push or a pull

Answer 25

a force

Question 26

what 2 factors describe a force?

Answer 26

strength and direction

Question 27

what units measure force?

Answer 27

newtons

Question 28

on a graph, how are the strength and direction of a force shown?

Answer 28

by vectors

Question 29

the combination of all forces acting on an object is called

Answer 29

net force

Question 30

when forces are pushing or pulling in the direction, they are combined forces and what math function would you use to determine the net force?

Answer 30

addition

Question 31

when forces are pushing or pulling in an opposite direction, they cancel one another out to some degree. what math function would you use to determine the net force?

Answer 31

subtraction

Question 32

if opposing forces are of equal strength, is there any motion?

Answer 32

nope...they are balanced

Question 33

which forces can cause an object to start moving, stop moving, or change direction?

Answer 33

unbalanced

Question 34

equal forces acting on one object in opposite directions are called

Answer 34

balanced forces

Question 35

the force that two surfaces exert on each other when they rub against each other is called

Answer 35

friction

Question 36

what determine the force of friction?

Answer 36

how hard the surfaces push together and the types of surfaces involved

Question 37

which would produce more friction, sandpaper or water?

Answer 37

sandpaper

Question 38

why are roads scattered with sand in winter time?

Answer 38

to improve friction and provide traction

Question 39

in which direction does friction work compared to motion?

Answer 39

the opposite direction

Question 40

friction that acts on objects that are not moving is called

Answer 40

static

Question 41

type of friction that occurs when two solid surfaces slide over each other

Answer 41

sliding friction

Question 42

type of friction of marbles rolling across a floor

Answer 42

rolling friction

Question 43

slipping on a banana peel type of friction

Answer 43

sliding

Question 44

riding a bike down a hill type of friction

Answer 44

rolling and fluid

Question 45

type of friction swimming in a pool

Answer 45

fluid friction

Question 46

the force that pulls objects toward each other

Answer 46

gravity

Question 47

law that states that the force of gravity acts between all objects in the universe

Answer 47

law of universal gravitation

Question 48

does gravity act everywhere in the universe?

Answer 48

yep...everywhere that there is mass

Question 49

what two factors affect the gravitational attraction between objects?

Answer 49

mass and distance

Question 50

which exerts a greater gravitational attraction...an elephant or a mouse (given equal distances)

Answer 50

an elephant because it has greater mass

Question 51

which exerts a greater gravitational attraction ...a mouse in the next room or an elephant across the universe?

Answer 51

the mouse because it is so much closer