Motion, Forces and consevation of energy Flashcards
(24 cards)
What is an energy transfer
When energy moves from one store to another
What are the energy stores
Gravitational Thermal Elastic potential Chemical Kinetic Nuclear Electrostatic
What are the four types of ways energy is transferred
Mechanical work – a force moving an object through a distance
Electrical work – charges moving due to a potential difference
heating – due to temperature difference caused electrically or by chemical reaction
radiation – energy transferred as a wave eg light, infrared, sound - the Sun emits light radiation and infrared radiation
What is the width input equal to
It is equal to the width of the output
What is the accelaration equation
Acceleration=change in velocity/time
A=(v-u)/t
What is the momentum equation
Momentum = mass x velocity
P=mv
What do velocity time graphs show
It shows the speed and direction an object travels over a specific period of time. Velocity-time graphs are also called speed-time graphs.
What does a diagonal line show on a velocity time graph
What does a flat-straight line show
What does a negative diagonal line show
A constant acceleration
A contast velocty
A constant deceleration
What does the area under a velocity time graph represent?
The distance travelled
What are elastic collisions
When the kinetic energy is the same as before
What are inelastic collisions
When the energy is not conserved
What is Newton’s 3rd law
Every action has an equal and opposite reaction
What is a conductor?
It is a material that allows internal (thermal or electrical) energy to be transmitted through it easily.
What happens to the transfer of heat when metal is put over a flame?
When one end of a metal rod is put into a fire, the energy from the flame makes the ions in the rod vibrate faster. Since the ions in the solid metal are close together, this increased vibration means that they collide with neighbouring ions more frequently. Energy is passed on through the metal by these collisions, transmitting the energy. More frequent collisions increase the rate of transfer.
What are the 9 main sources of energy producers
fossil fuels, nuclear fuel, biofuel, wind, hydroelectricity, geothermal, tidal, water waves and the Sun
Explain the key details of Fossil Fuels
Energy store-Chemical, Non-renewable, Used inTransport, heating, electricity generation, power output-High, Releases CO2 (causes global warming)
Explain the key details of Nuclear fuel
Energy store-Nuclear, Non-renewable, Uses Electricity generation, Power output-Very high, Impact on environment Radioactive waste (needs to be disposed of safely)
Explain the key details of Biofuel
Energy store-Chemical Renewable, Uses-Transport, heating, electricity generation,Power output-Medium, Impact on environment-Carbon-neutral so low impact
Explain the key details of Wind
Energy store-Kinetic, Renewable, Uses-Electricity generation,Power output-Very low, Impact on environment-Take up large areas that could be used for farming, people say windmills spoil their view
Explain the key details of Hydroelectricity
Energy store-Gravitational potential, Renewable,Uses-Electricity generation,Power output-Medium,Impact on environment-Local habitats are affected by the large areas that need to be flooded to build dams
Explain the key details of Geothermal
Energy store-Internal, Renewable,Uses-Electricity generation and heating, Power output-Medium,Impact on environment-Very low
Explain the key details of Tides
Energy store-Kinetic, Renewable, Uses- Electricity generation, Power output Potentially very high but hard to harness, Impact on environment Tidal barrages can block sewage which needs to go out to sea
Explain the key details of Sun
Energy store-Nuclear, Renewable,Uses-Electricity generation, Power output-Potentially very high, but hard to harness, Impact on environment-Very little
Explain the key details of Water waves
Energy store-Kinetic, Renewable,Uses-Electricity generation, Power output-Low, Impact on environment Very low
