(motivatino) Need Theories Flashcards
(36 cards)
What is Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?
Motivational theory that comprises 5 basic needs, shown as a hierarchy within a pyramid.
What are deficiency needs in Maslow’s hierarchy?
The first 4 levels that motivate individuals through trying to obtain something they do not have.
What is the final level of Maslow’s hierarchy?
Self-actualisation needs, where motivation comes from trying to grow as a person.
What are physiological needs?
Basic survival needs such as food, air, warmth, and sleep.
In the workplace, what do physiological needs require?
Enough wages to buy food and afford warmth.
What are safety needs?
Need for a safe and secure environment, including financial security and a stable home.
In the workplace, how are safety needs fulfilled?
Having a pension and a safe work environment.
What are love and belongingness needs?
Need to feel as though one belongs, including friendships and group membership.
In the workplace, what does the need for love and belongingness entail?
Feeling accepted as part of the organisation and having social interaction.
What are esteem needs?
Need to feel respected and have feelings of accomplishment.
In the workplace, how are esteem needs satisfied?
Through better job titles, promotions, and recognition.
What are self-actualisation needs?
When one’s potential is fulfilled and everything desired is accomplished.
In the workplace, what does self-actualisation allow for?
Regular growth and challenges, as well as greater autonomy.
True or False: Maslow assumes that lower needs must be met before moving on to higher level needs.
True.
What is a criticism of Maslow’s hierarchy regarding cultural differences?
The definition of self-actualisation may differ in collectivist versus individualist cultures.
How can employers apply Maslow’s theory to increase motivation?
By ensuring workers feel safe and have a stable wage.
What is the Basic Needs Satisfaction Scale (BNSS)?
A measure of basic needs satisfaction based on Maslow’s theory.
What was the reliability score for the BNSS in children?
0.83, suggesting it is a consistent measure.
What is a limitation of the BNSS study in terms of generalisability?
The sample consisted only of people from wealthy areas.
What are McClelland’s three work-related motivational needs?
- Achievement * Power * Affiliation
What does the need for achievement entail?
The urge to achieve something in work and master a task.
How do high achievers approach risk in tasks?
They avoid low reward/low risk situations and high risk situations.
What characterizes the need for affiliation?
The need to be liked, accepted, and feel part of a group.
What is the need for power?
The desire to have control and authority over others.
