Motivation

Question 1

What is motivation in the context of directing?

Answer 1

Motivation is the process of stimulating people to action to accomplish desired goals. It is an internal feeling that creates a drive to achieve.

Keywords: stimulate, internal feeling, drive, goal-directed behavior

Question 2

What is meant by a ‘motive’ in relation to motivation?

Answer 2

A motive is an inner state that energizes, activates, or moves a person and directs behavior toward goals.

Keywords: inner state, energize, activate, goal-directed

Question 3

What are ‘motivators’ in the context of motivation?

Answer 3

Motivators are the techniques or incentives used to induce people to perform in a desired manner. They may be financial or non-financial.

Keywords: incentives, rewards, techniques, financial, non-financial

Question 4

Which feature of motivation explains that it cannot be observed directly but is felt internally?

Answer 4

Motivation is an internal feeling — it originates from within an individual.

Keywords: not visible, felt, personal, inner urge

Question 5

Which feature of motivation explains that it pushes individuals toward achievement?

Answer 5

Motivation results in goal-directed behaviour — it channels energy toward objectives.

Keywords: goal pursuit, achievement-focused, purposeful

Question 6

Why is motivation considered continuous in nature?

Answer 6

Because human needs are endless, motivation must be continuously provided to maintain performance.

Keywords: ongoing, changing needs, continuous

Question 7

Which feature explains that different people may respond differently to the same motivator?

Answer 7

Motivation is complex and dynamic — it varies from person to person and over time.

Keywords: individual-specific, changing, not universal

Question 8

What is the first step in the motivation process?

Answer 8

Unsatisfied need arises, creating tension or discomfort within the individual.

Question 9

What happens after the need arises in the motivation process?

Answer 9

The individual engages in goal-directed behavior to fulfill the need.

Question 10

What is the final step in the motivation process?

Answer 10

If the goal is achieved, the need is satisfied and tension is reduced.

Question 11

How does motivation impact employee performance?

Answer 11

Motivation leads to improved efficiency, goal-oriented effort, and better productivity.

Question 12

How does motivation reduce employee turnover?

Answer 12

Motivated employees are more satisfied and committed, lowering absenteeism and turnover.

Question 13

Why is motivation essential for goal achievement?

Answer 13

It aligns individual efforts with organisational objectives, leading to goal attainment.

Question 14

How does motivation affect team dynamics?

Answer 14

Motivated individuals contribute to a positive work culture and collaborative efforts.

Question 15

What does Maslow’s theory explain about human needs and motivation?

Answer 15

Maslow proposed that human needs are arranged in a hierarchy, and lower-level needs must be satisfied first before higher-level needs motivate behavior.

Question 16

What are the five levels in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs (in order)?
Given by Abraham Maslow in 1943.

Answer 16

1. Physiological (food, water, rest)
2. Safety (security, stability)
3. Social (love, belonging)
4. Esteem (recognition, respect)
5. Self-actualisation (personal growth, creativity)

Question 17

What are some of the assumptions of mass’s theory?

Answer 17

1. People’s behaviour is based on their needs.
2. People’s needs are in hierarchical order starting from basic to hire.
3. Satisfy need to no longer motivated person only need can motivate him.
4. A person moves to the next high level of the hierarchy only when the lower need is satisfied.

Question 18

Name the financial incentive that provides additional monetary reward based on performance.

Answer 18

Performance-based Incentives – Rewards given in addition to wages/salary based on productivity, achievement of targets. Keywords: bonus, productivity, reward, targets.

Question 19

Which financial incentive involves offering ownership in the form of shares or profit participation?

Answer 19

Co-partnership/Stock Option – Incentive where employees receive company shares or profit shares to enhance belongingness. Keywords: ownership, shares, partnership, profit sharing.

Question 20

Which financial incentive ensures economic stability to employees post-retirement or in emergencies?

Answer 20

Retirement Benefits – Includes provident fund, pension, gratuity for employee security. Keywords: pension, gratuity, provident fund, post-retirement, security.

Question 21

Which financial incentive compensates employees for extra time worked beyond normal hours?

Answer 21

Overtime – Additional payment for working beyond standard hours. Keywords: extra hours, additional payment, overtime pay.

Question 22

Which incentive is aimed at encouraging employees to make suggestions and cost-saving improvements?

Answer 22

Suggestion System – Rewards for giving useful suggestions that benefit the organization. Keywords: suggestions, reward, cost-saving, participation.

Question 23

What incentive includes free medical, housing, or educational facilities as part of employment?

Answer 23

Perquisites/Fringe Benefits – Extra benefits over salary such as medical, housing, education. Keywords: perks, non-wage benefits, facilities, extras.

Question 24

Which financial incentive ensures payment based on units produced or tasks completed?

Answer 24

Piece Rate Wages – Wage system linked to output. Keywords: per unit, piece-based, output-driven, task-based payment.

Question 25

Which non-financial incentive relates to opportunities for advancement and personal growth?

Answer 25

Career Advancement Opportunity – Scope for promotion, skill development. Keywords: promotion, growth, training, upskilling, internal mobility.

Question 26

Which non-financial incentive fulfills the esteem needs of employees through praise and awards?

Answer 26

Recognition – Acknowledgement of effort through praise, awards, appreciation. Keywords: praise, appreciation, certificates, public recognition.

Question 27

Which non-financial incentive satisfies an employee’s need for autonomy and decision-making?

Answer 27

Job Autonomy – Giving employees freedom to plan and make decisions. Keywords: independence, decision-making, freedom, responsibility.

Question 28

Which non-financial incentive involves assigning more responsibilities or challenging tasks?

Answer 28

Job Enrichment – Redesigning jobs to include greater challenge and responsibility. Keywords: responsibility, challenge, upskilling, variety, empowerment.

Question 29

Which incentive promotes communication, mutual trust, and belonging among employees?

Answer 29

Employee Participation – Involving employees in decision-making. Keywords: belonging, involvement, trust, communication, inclusion.

Question 30

Which non-financial incentive focuses on improving work environment and facilities?

Answer 30

Working Conditions – Ensuring safety, comfort, and healthy surroundings. Keywords: hygiene, safety, comfort, environment, facilities.

Question 31

List out all seven financial incentives of motivation.

Answer 31

In a company called Pay & Co., workers earned their pay and allowances on time. When they worked extra hard, they got productivity-linked incentives. At festival time, they cheered for their bonus. As profits soared, the boss shared it through profit sharing. Loyal workers were rewarded with stock options under co-partnership. And when they retired, they received pension and perquisites with love. ⸻ List Embedded in the Story: 1. Pay and allowances 2. Productivity linked wage incentives 3. Bonus 4. Profit sharing 5. Co-partnership/Stock option 6. Retirement benefits 7. Perquisites

Question 32

List out all the non-financial incentives of motivation

Answer 32

⸻ Story: The Workplace That Felt Like Home In this dream company, every employee had a Status they were proud of. The Organisational Climate was warm — people smiled, and ideas flowed. There were endless Career Advancement Opportunities, with training and promotions. Challenging roles came through Job Enrichment, not boring repetition. Effort was celebrated through Employee Recognition Programs — applause and certificates. Everyone felt safe thanks to strong Job Security. Decisions weren’t top-down — Employee Participation was real. And best of all, people had Empowerment — the freedom to lead and innovate. ⸻ Incentives Embedded: 1. Status 2. Organisational Climate 3. Career Advancement Opportunity 4. Job Enrichment 5. Employee Recognition Programs 6. Job Security 7. Employee Participation 8. Employee Empowerment

Question 34

What is a *Motive* in the context of motivation?

Answer 34

A motive is an internal need or desire that arouses and directs behavior. It is psychological and not visible, such as the need for achievement or respect. Keywords: inner drive, need, psychological, goal-directed

Question 35

What is *Motivation*?

Answer 35

Motivation is the process of stimulating people to action to achieve goals. It arises from motives and leads to effort toward a task. Keywords: stimulation, behavior activation, drive into action, process

Question 36

What are *Motivators*?

Answer 36

Motivators are the tools or techniques — such as rewards or recognition — that are used to satisfy motives and generate motivation. Keywords: external inducement, incentives, rewards, push

Question 37

Comparative Snapshot

Answer 37

Term | What It Is | Type | Example | Keywords Motive | Internal need/desire | Internal | Desire for promotion | Inner drive, psychological Motivation | Process of stimulating behavior | Process | Putting effort into a goal | Stimulus, action, behavior Motivator | External tool/incentive | External | Bonus, recognition, promotion letter | Incentive, technique, external push