Motivation Theories Flashcards
(22 cards)
Define extrinsic motivation
Motivation that comes from external factors
Define intrinsic motivation
Motivation that comes from within a person
Why are motivated employees good for a business?
- more productive and efficient
- more likely to be engaged and take initiative to meet/ exceed goals
- more likely to be reliable and dependable as they take pride in their job
- reduced business turnover as less employees will leave and less will be spent on recruitment and training costs
Outline Taylor’s motivation theory
Scientific management: complex tasks should be broken down into smaller ones so workers receive
Outline Taylor’s motivation theory
Scientific management: complex tasks should be broken down into smaller ones so workers receive clear instructions so they can achieve maximum efficiency
- employees are usually trained at one task which they become very good at
- e.g piece rate pay - workers are only paid for each completed piece of work they do
Outline the advantages to businesses of using Taylors theory of motivation
- the same procedure is consistently followed, helping the business maintain a consistent level of quality across all products
- specialisation of labour - increased efficiency - lower costs (because there are fewer mistakes)
- clear hierarchical Ines of authority - more efficient decision making - improved communication - improved competitiveness
What is Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
Pyramid that outlines that there are 5 tiers of human needs that need to be met for individuals to reach their full potential
Outline the disadvantages of using Taylors theory of motivation
- overemphasis on efficiency reduces worker satisfaction and creativity
- workers may disengage from work if they reduced to working in a system like a machine
- limited applicability for any other type of roles (internal or external to the business)
- potential for exploitation (SHEIN) as this can be used to extract more work from workers without fairly compensating them
What are the sections of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs (bottom up)
Physiological
Safety
Belonging
Self esteem
Self actualisation
What are the ‘physiological’ needs of workers in a business
(Necessities)
Comfortable working environment
Breathing
Food
Water
What are the ‘safety’ needs of workers in a business
(Security)
Fair pay
Benefits
Safe working conditions
What are the ‘belonging’ needs of workers in a business
(Sense of connection)
Encouragement of teamwork
Having a sense of community
What are the ‘esteem’ needs of workers in a business?
Recognition for emloyees accomplishments
Providing a positive work culture that values individuals contributions
What are the ‘self actualisation’ needs of workers in a business
(Desire to become the most that someone can be)
Offering opportunities for employees to pursue passions and interests
Outline the advantages to using Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
- high employee satisfaction: meeting their needs - more nourishing work environment - lower turnover rate - increased productivity
- increased motivation - offering things that align with individuals specific needs and desires (employees who feel valued and respected are more likely to perform at a higher level)
What are Hezbergs Hygeine and Motivation Factors
There are two factors that affect motivation and job satisfaction: hygeine factors and motivation factors
Outline disadvantages to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
- one size does not fit all - businesses constantly need to tailor their approach to meet the individual needs of the employee
- expensive: individual perks e.g company car can be costly
- time consuming: requires significant effort from management to connect individually to understand which opportunities are desire for personal growth
Define what a hygiene factor is
Don’t necessarily lead to job satisfaction but their absence can cause dissatisfaction (which decreases motivation) e.g poor teamwork
Define what a motivation factor is
Achievement, recognition, responsibility, work itself, advancement/ personal growth
How can businesses use hygiene factors to decrease dissatisfaction
- pay fair wages/salaries
- offer excellent working conditions (ensure that the place is not dirty)
- offer employment contracts that offer job security
What business offers excellent working conditions?
Google
Gourmet restaurants, laundry services, dog care
Outline how businesses can use motivating factors to increase satisfaction
- build a recognition and rewards culture
- offer opportunities for growth and development
- provide challenging work which requires problem solving
