Motivation unit 2

Question 1

What is motivation closely linked to?

Answer 1

Survival, both in life-death distinction and its social dimension.

Question 2

How is motivation defined?

Answer 2

A construct used to explain behaviors such as compulsive actions or studying during summer.

Question 3

What type of process is motivation considered?

Answer 3

An adaptive process.

Question 4

Who proposed a simple scheme for the motivational process?

Answer 4

Deckers (2001).

Question 5

What are the three moments distinguished in the motivation process?

Answer 5

1) Choice of target/objective
2) Behavioral dynamism
3) Completion or control over the action performed

Question 6

What is the first phase of the motivational process?

Answer 6

Choice of target or objective

Question 7

What factors are associated with the choice of target?

Answer 7

• Intensity of the Motive
• Incentive Attractiveness
• Subjective Probability of Success
• Striving for the Goal

Question 8

What does behavioral dynamism refer to?

Answer 8

The process of choosing and executing activities to achieve goals.

Question 9

What does completion or control over the action performed involve?

Answer 9

Analyzing the result achieved from actions or instrumental behaviors.

Question 10

In the motivational process, what does goal choice entail?

Answer 10

Deciding which motive will be satisfied.

Question 11

What does the term ‘Action Control’ refer to in the motivational process?

Answer 11

Monitoring progress and adjusting plans based on results.

Question 12

Fill in the blank: The motivational process includes the steps of ______, ______, and ______.

Answer 12

Stimulus, Perception, Evaluation-assessment.

Question 13

What is required to trigger the motivational process?

Answer 13

The presence of a stimulus.

Question 14

What happens if there is no conscious perception of a stimulus?

Answer 14

The individual cannot notice the existence of the stimulus and feel motivated.

Question 15

What is the main driver of motivated behavior?

Answer 15

Need.

Question 16

What is ‘Initial Activation’ in the motivational process?

Answer 16

Initiation of motivation when a need or desirable stimulus is detected.

Question 17

What is ‘Goal-directed activation’?

Answer 17

Activation focused on systems that enable goal-directed behaviors.

Question 18

What are the two possibilities of direction in the motivational process?

Answer 18

• Related to the choice of the objective
• Related to the choice of instrumental behaviors

Question 19

What does progress monitoring involve?

Answer 19

Comparing the current situation with the desired situation.

Question 20

What role does negative feedback play in motivated behavior?

Answer 20

A control mechanism that stops behavior once a need is satisfied or a goal is reached.

Question 21

What is the relationship between necessity and demand?

Answer 21

The greater the need, the less demanding the individual becomes.

Question 22

What are the two phases in motivated behavior proposed by Craig?

Answer 22

Appetitive phase

Consummatory phase

Question 23

What does the appetitive phase involve?

Answer 23

Heterogeneous movements aimed at obtaining a goal.

Question 24

What is a key takeaway about motivation?

Answer 24

It should be considered a process including cognitive and affective variables.

Question 25

Fill in the blank: The motivated behavior consists of the phases of ______ and ______.

Answer 25

Approach and execution.

Question 26

What is homeostasis in motivation?

Answer 26

The process of maintaining internal balance The process by which organisms maintain internal equilibrium in response to external changes.

Question 27

What is the role of action control in motivation?

Answer 27

It involves analyzing whether the goal has been achieved and deciding whether to persist or change strategy.

Question 28

What are the key steps of the motivational process?

Answer 28

Stimulus → Perception → Evaluation → Goal choice → Decision to act → Activation → Direction → Control of results.

Question 29

What are the three factors involved in goal choice and decision to act?

Answer 29

Desire/Need Goal Value Expectation of Success.

Question 30

How does the interaction between desire, goal value, and expectation of success influence motivation?

Answer 30

If any of these factors is zero, motivation does not occur.

Question 31

What are the two aspects of direction in motivation?

Answer 31

1) Choosing the goal 2) Choosing the behaviors to achieve the goal.

Question 32

What is progress monitoring in motivation?

Answer 32

Comparing the current situation with the desired goal to decide whether to continue or change behavior.

Question 33

How does need relate to demand in motivation?

Answer 33

The higher the need, the lower the demand for specific satisfaction.

Question 34

How does the approach phase differ from the consummatory phase?

Answer 34

The approach phase involves varied actions to obtain a goal, while the consummatory phase consists of instinctive behaviors to complete the action.

Question 35

Why is motivation considered a process rather than a state?

Answer 35

It includes not only behavior but also cognitive (evaluation, assessment) and affective (emotions) variables.

Question 36

What triggers the motivational process?

Answer 36

An internal or external stimulus that creates a need or desire.

Question 37

How does an individual assess the feasibility of a goal?

Answer 37

By evaluating available resources, the difficulty of the task, and the incentive value.

Question 38

How does motivation contribute to adaptive behavior?

Answer 38

It helps individuals adjust their actions to achieve goals in changing environments.