Motivational theories (brief)

Question 1

Taylor (Motivation)

Answer 1

Money is the only motivator, piece rates and other monetary targets should be given

Question 2

Mayo (Motivation)

Answer 2

Communication and teamwork motivates workers. Firms should allow workers to work together

Question 3

Maslow (Motivation)

Answer 3

Workers are motivated by needs. These are psychological, security, social, self esteem and self actualisation

Question 4

Herzberg (Motivation)

Answer 4

2 motivators, hygiene to make workers satisfied then recognition and achievement to make them more productive

Question 5

Vroom (Motivation)

Answer 5

Expectancy theory: How much they want the reward (Valence) The likelihood of achieving this (Expectancy) And belief this will help them achieve this (Instrumentality)

Question 6

Porter and Lawler (Motivation)

Answer 6

This comes from how good the employee believes the reward is and if it is worth it

Question 7

McGregor’s theory X and theory Y (Management and Leadership)

Answer 7

How managers view their workers. Some view them as only motivated by money and needing supervision (X) and others as self-motivated and enjoy the challenge of work (Y)

Question 8

Fielder’s Theory (Management and Leadership)

Answer 8

Leaders can’t change their style to suit particular circumstances, therefore certain leaders must be changed to suit the set situation

Question 9

Wright and Taylor’s theory (Management and Leadership)

Answer 9

This is that managers can improve their style of leadership through education