Motor Cortex Flashcards
Apraxia
Difficulty with skilled or complex movements
M1
Primary motor cortex (Brodmann’s area 4)
NPMAs
Non primary motor areas (Brodmann’s area 6), all other motor cortical areas except M1
Hemiparesis
A mild or partial weakness on one side of the body due to lack of ability to voluntarily activate spinal motor neurons
Hemiplegia
A severe or near complete weakness/paralysis on one side of the body due to lack of ability to voluntarily activate spinal motor neurons
PMC
Premotor cortex
SMA
Supplementary motor area
Spasticity
Velocity dependent resistance to muscle lengthening
Synergy
A coordination pattern
(i.e. push, withdraw motions)
Tract
A bundle of axon fibers connecting one area of the nervous system to another
The corticospinal tract arises from cells in which layer of the cerebral cortex?
Layer 5
The supplementary motor area is important for what
Movement sequencing and mental practice
Mirror neurons help us recognize what?
Movements that others are making
How is M1 (or primary motor cortex) arranged?
Loose somatotopy
Non primary motor areas are located where
More anterior than M1 in the frontal lobe
The homunculus looks weirdly out of proportion because of what?
Cortical magnification
The ventral premotor area plans the ______ aspect of movement
Th dorsal premotor area plans the ______ aspect of movement
Ventral = what
Dorsal = where
Externally driven movement involves the _____
Internally driven movement involves the _____
External = premotor cortex
Internal = supplementary motor areas
What advantage does the distributed organization of the motor cortex gives us with respect to movement control?
Allows us to plan and execute wide variety of movements
What rehabilitation approach takes advantage of the principles of motor cortex organization?
Use of functional task training
