motor learning and coaching Flashcards
(36 cards)
skill to skill
occurs when a skill developed in one sport has an influence on a skill in another sport
2 types of skill transfer
proactive transfer: a perviously learnt skill currently being learnt
retroactive transfer: learning a new skill affects a previously leaned skill
theory to practice
the transfer of theoretical skills into practice
- coaches devise game plans, tactics and strategies for apposing teams and individual players
training in competition
refers to the transfer of skills developed in training into a competition situation
postive transfer of learning
occurs when skills and or information gained from a pervious learning experience helps with the learning of a new skill
- the two skills are often similar in some way
negative transfer of learning
occurs when the learning from a perviously learned skill negatively impacts on the learning of a new skill
the skills can seemingly have a similar action but there are critical differences in technique
zero transfer of learning
occurs when the learning of a new skill is not affected either positively or negatively by perviously learned skill
- there is no transfer of learning between golf and football as the skills are completely unrelated
laboratory testing
performance is analysed in laboratory conditions so that various factors can be varied or manipulated
what are the 3 ways analysing performance
1- laboratory testing
2- field testing
3- competition testing
field testing
an athletes performance is analysed at training is normal surroundings
competition testing
an athlete is analysed while performing during competition
2 methods of movement analysis
quantitative and qualitative
quantitative
- uses numbers
- objective
- not biased
qualitative
refers to the description of movement without using numbers (e.g. movement pattern)
- to work successfully must use a systematic approach involving 5 stages known as the Knudsen Morrison model of oil analysis
Knudsen and Morrisions model of qualitative analysis
1- preparation 2- observation 3- evaluation 4- intervention 5- re-evaluation
preparation phase of the Knudsen and Morrisions model
1- perform the skill
- all movements that prepare the athlete for the performance of the skill
2- execution of the skill
- begins when preparation ends and finishes at contact/release
3- follow through
- refers to all movements after the execution phase
observation phase of the Knudsen and Morrisions model
involves the systematic gathering information about the performance or movement
- video checklist, conditions, repeated observation
- have to account for choking
evaluation phase of the Knudsen and Morrisions model
- identify the strengths and weaknesses of the performer
- identify methods which can be used to improve the performance
- list strengths and weaknesses in order to most important to change and least important
- what are the overall change that has impacted the performers performance (good/bad)
intervention phase of the Knudsen and Morrisions model
involves providing feedback and correction to the performer usually under practice conditions to improve performance
what principals would change and how to fix them:
1- to motivate the performer
2- to change the performer
3- to reinforce learning
re-evaluation phase of the Knudsen and Morrisions model
observe the performer and moment the changes made in a similar content to initial observation
- has the changes changed the outcome of the skill
- is the athlete more effective if not need to reobserve and must go back to change to stage 2
types of practice - the basic coaching process
1- introduce the skill to be learned
2- demonstrate the skill and explain the skill
3- practice the skill
4- correct errors/provide feedback
teaching simple skills
are learnt quickley and can be taught in 2 ways:
imitation method and demonstration/explanation method
imitation method
- coaches demonstrates and learner copies
- minor adjustements made as needed
- learning made via observation
demonstration method
- coach demonstrates and explains the skill
- leaner practice
- feedback and correction is provided
- more practice follows
- more feedback and correction ect
