MOTOR NEURON DISEASES Flashcards
(48 cards)
Where are the cell body of LMN’s
Anterior/Ventral horn
What occurs in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
unknown aetiology; progressive degeneration of corticospinal tracts, anterior horn cell (UMN and LMN)
What is polyneuropathies
Damage occuring to axon, myelin sheath, cell body, supporting CT, nutrient blood supple to nerves, and effect sensory or motor nerves
What is an examply of polyneuropathies
Guillain Barre Syndrome
HIV/AIDS
What is mononeuropathies? ex?
Damage of a single peripheral nerve; motor and sensory
Peripheral nerve injury
Nerve entrapment
what is guillain-barre syndrome?
- Rare rapid-onset autoimmune disorder, attaching the myelin sheath and axons themselves of the peripheral nerve system
What nerve types are affected in guillain-barre syndrome?
- Peripheral sensory and LMN
guillain-barre syndrome Cause?
unknown
often preceded by an infectious illness
guillain-barre syndrome presentation?
Weakness and tingling in your extremities (1st) eventually paralyzing your whole body
guillain-barre syndrome treatment?
Plasmaphoresis and high dose immunoglobulin therapies
When does point of greatest weakness or paralysis occur in guillain-barre syndrome?
days or weeks after first symptom
guillain-barre syndrome prognosis?
- Better in <40
- ~1/5 individual unable to walk unaided after 6month
- Chronic pain and fatigue
- ~30% have residual weakness after 3 years
Poliomyelitis cause?
Viral infection of the PNS leading to destruction at the anterior horn and in turn muscle weakness (most often in legs)
in Poliomyelitis __% have minor symptoms that remain
25%
Many recover completly
relevance of Poliomyelitis?
rare 37 cases in 2016
cure Poliomyelitis?
no cure prevention through vaccine
Post Polio Syndrome prevalence
affects 25-40% of individuals who suffered an acute attach of poliomyelitis
When do symptoms appear in Post Polio Syndrome
15-30 years after original disease
Post Polio Syndrome presentation
slow, progressive onset of lasting muscle weakness
ALS cause?
unknown
ALS? whats happening?
Progressive, ultimately fatal disorder that disrupts signals to all muscles
UMN and LMN signs
Symptoms notices first in arms and hands, legs or swallowing mscles
Bilateral distribution of muscle weakness + atrophy
Speech and respiratory muscles effected
Sensation + bladder + ocular muscles is spared
Average survival of ALS
2-5 years. 25% of cases survive 5-10 years especially if ventilated
ALS Incidence
40-60 yr old men (2:1 to women
How many stages in ALS
1-6
1 least progression
6 most
