Movement In Cell Flashcards
What is movement in living organisms?
Movement is a defining characteristic of living organisms, which can be internal (within the organism’s body) or external (from one place to another).
What are the two types of cellular movement?
Cellular movement can be intracellular (within the cell) or extracellular (movement of the cell itself).
What is cytoplasmic streaming?
Cytoplasmic streaming (cyclosis) is the movement of the cytoplasm that distributes nutrients and organelles.
Example: Elodea leaf cells (movement of chloroplasts).
What is the purpose of organelle movement?
Mitochondria and vesicles move along microtubules using motor proteins.
What is amoeboid movement?
Amoeboid movement uses pseudopodia to engulf food and move.
Example: Amoeba, white blood cells.
What are ciliary and flagellar movements?
Ciliary movement involves short hair-like structures, while flagellar movement involves long whip-like structures.
Examples: Cilia - Paramecium; Flagella - Sperm cells.
What is the importance of cellular movement?
Cellular movement is essential for nutrient transport, waste removal, immune response, and cell division.
What are tropic movements in plants?
Tropic movements are directional responses to stimuli, such as phototropism (towards light) and geotropism (towards gravity).
What is phototropism?
Phototropism is the growth of shoots towards light.
What is thigmotropism?
Thigmotropism is when tendrils wrap around supports.
What is nastic movement?
Nastic movements are non-directional responses to stimuli, such as photonasty (flowers opening in response to light).
What is thigmonasty?
Thigmonasty is when Mimosa pudica folds leaves upon touch.
What are the types of locomotion in animals?
Types of locomotion include walking/running, flying, swimming, crawling, and jumping.
How do muscles facilitate movement?
Muscles contract and pull on bones through joints, with antagonistic muscle pairs facilitating movement.
What happens during muscle fatigue?
Muscle contractions weaken over time due to lactic acid buildup.
What are the main aspects of movement in cells, plants, and animals?
Cells exhibit intracellular and extracellular movement; plants show tropic and nastic movements; animals demonstrate locomotion and body movements.
