Movement Of Peoples Flashcards
Pull factors. spoff
Space, Promises jobs better life opportunity to shape a land Freedom Fertile soil,
Push factors powpf
Poverty Overcrowding War Political religious Famine
Agricultural revolution
What was it and how did this affect people
Cahps - new methods
New machinery and ways of farming took hold. Crop rotation Animal breeding. Harvesting Ploughing sowing seeds
Improved quality meat and improved crop yields
Many lost jobs in farms and people moved from rural to residential in search for new jobs
Industrial revolution
What was it and what was forced
What machines
Why was this a push factor for some
New technology for factory’s and steam engines textile, manufacturing and food processing
Children were forced as young as 6
Results were unhealthy living conditions because more people were migrating
Petty crime became a way of life to those who were suited for these jobs
They needed young people who could be of use at the factories and often parents of the children found this as a reason to migrate to another country
But some families lived off their children’s pay if it wasn’t enough they could resort to crime
This meant more convicts
18cExpansion and spread of revolution
Improved Population increase Slaves Africa Discovery of gold Pollution
18th c Improved medicines hygiene food production meant birth rates increased
Emigration acted as a safety net because the population was growing too much and there were not enough available jobs.
Some forced emigration Africans were captured and sold as slaves only small amounts returned to Britain once they had finished their sentences
Gold was discovered in places including California and Aus
Pollution due to new machinery was a push factor and overcrowded
Role of transportation
First fleet bought convicts soldiers and government officials
19th c late Canada was a British colony land was given free to settlers along the route of the Canadian pacific railway.
Paddle steamers carried cargoes of wool to railway of Echuca to Melbourne for export .1850 steamships began travelling to Aus
For triangle trade to delivering supplies to Africa bringing back indigenous slaves
Indigenous trading trails operating along along the clearest and accessible routes for thousands of years. Now Sheep farmers moved sheep along these routes. Regular communication steamships, railways and the telegraph linked eastern capital cities
Effect on people’s lives child labour and urbanisation
Children were forced as young as 6 into dangerous working conditions because they could fit in small spaces and because people were moving from rural to residential more labours were available.
Ones who aren’t wanted couldn’t find jobs
Children could be born into slavery
Kidnapped on the guinea or Gold Coast of Africa held them in cages
chained together for 23 hours a day only let out to keep fitness for 1 hr
Towns and cities
Trade
-17th century firmly established.
Cotton, timber, tobacco and furs from NA crossed to Britain and Europe.
Headed for Africa with manufactured goods
then traded with slaves back to America
Crime causes and effects
Crime
Causes - Irish potto famine starvation potato yields were lost
Revolution loss of jobs
Effects- more convicts move to Aus
Less safety in Britain people feel insecure and move out
Assisted migrants and free settlers
Assisted migrants was when the government subsidised the cost because of overcrowding and loss of jobs, filling up on new land. People with skills were given highest preference background in agricultural work. Scheme to migrate people.
Whereas Free settlers were willing and fully responsible for immigration costs which the government didn’t take any part. Became first landowners, form the basis of wool industry.
Bounty sceme
Bounty landowners would pay passage of a citizen or family and in turn they would work for landowner till balance was sufficient. On farm they would be provided with food and place to sleep and small income till passage was paid. 2-5 yes.
Short term effects on mop
jtdacs
jobs loss
Triangular trade
Disease
Aboriginals declined
Conflict taking over aboriginals land
squatters - took over land and could become wealth and move up social ladder quickly especially farms near water sources and sheep
Long term effects pdmdf
Long term. Pdmdf
Population growth
Decrease in slaves due to death in Africa and on poorly equipped ships
Machines that were used for years to bring quality foods, produce and manufactured goods
Descendants People who immigrated took the British civilisation out of Britain. Today most Australian are descendants of The British.
Fresh -Some convicts who survived saw transportation as a fresh start
Establishments of colony
Tdw
Terra nullius - no ones land
Desire for landMotivated by desire for land, wealth and freedom. To provide a place of punishment overcrowded jails in Britain
Wealth Source of wealth for British industry providing timber and flax, wool minerals and grains
Impact on aboriginals
Gradual
Gave the aboriginals food, clothing, alcohol and tobacco
Bad for health and they lost many of their hunting skills
became addicted to alcohol and lead to depression
Small pox , cholera , influenza were not immune
Sexually transmitted dying birth rate depression
Driven off their traditional lands clashes with other groups
Although some accepted others Speared sheep and cattle for food and attacked white property
Violent attacks 1000 died of white violence and some attacked back but more aboriginals died.
