Movement of substances into and out of cells Flashcards
Definition of diffusion
The net movement of particles from an area of high concentration to low concentration
What factors influence the rate of diffusion
(5)
Conc Gradient
Diffusion distance
Temperature
Size of particles
SA:VR
Definition of osmosis
The net movement of water molecules from a region of higher water potential to lower water potential through a partially permeable membrane
What is a turgid cell?
A plant cell swollen
What is a flaccid cell?
A plant cell that lacks turgidity
What is a plasmolysed cell?
A plant cell in which the cell membrane has shrunk away from the cell wall
What is a crenated cell?
An animal cell shriveled
What is a lysed cell?
An animal cell burst
What is a hypotonic solution?
A solution with a higher water potential than cell
What is an isotonic solution?
Same water potential as cell
What is a hypertonic solution?
Lower water potential than cell
Describe how to investigate osmosis using potato cores
- Cut same potato cores
- Submerge in different water potential solutions
- Analyse percentage change in mass
What is active transport
The movement of particles across a cell membrane into a region of higher concentration
Is active transport an active process?
Yes
Describe active transport
Proteins in cell membrane use energy from the cell to pump substances from outside the cell into it (against conc gradient)
What drives active transport
The breakdown of ATP (produced in respiration) into ADP and P
