MPQ past Flashcards by Hege Osland

Which antibiotics have narrow spectrum?

A. tetracyclin

B. chloramphenicol

C. nitrofurantoin

D. rifampicin

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Belongs to the Procaryotes

A. Onlybacteria(Eubacteria)
B. Bacteria(Eubacteria)andArchea
C. Bacteria(Eubacteria)andArcheaandsinglecellFungi
D. Bacteria (Eubacteria) and Archea and single cell Fungi and Protozoa

B. Bacteria(Eubacteria)andArchea

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Which bacteria produces antibiotics?

A. Bacillus licheniformis

B. Streptomyces fradiae

C. Saccharopolyspora erythraea

D. All of them

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Which disinfectant is not inhibited by organic materials?

A. Lugol solution

B. NaOCl

C. Chloramine-B

D. All of them are inhibited

A. Lugol solution

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Which content can be found in the highest proportion in a bacterial dry material?

A. carbohydrates

B. pepides

C. minerals

D. lipids, waxes

A. Carbohydrates

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Which principle of antibiotic therapy is NOT correct?

A. Correct dosage

B. If there is any possibility of bacterial infection, use immediately the most effective antibiotic

C. tissue concentration must exceeds effective concentration in the site of infection

D. correct treatment time

B. If there is any possibility of bacterial infection, use immediately the most effective antibiotic

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Role of common fimbriae:

A. Tranfer of genital information (conjugation)

B. Adhesion to different surfaces

C. Helping the motility

D. protection against bacteriophages

B. Adhesion to different surfaces

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What is/are true for the typhoid and paratyphoid?

A. Only the seriousness is different in two cases

B. Different species can cause both in humans and animals the two different type of diseases.

C. Typhoid is the human disease name and paratyphoid is the animal disease name

D. None of them

B. Different species can cause both in humans and animals the two different type of diseases.

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Which bacteria are capnophile?

A. Bacillus anthracis, enterococcus faecalis

B. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, burkholderia mallei

C. Brucella abortus, histophilus somni

D. Rhodocossus equi, trueperella pyrogens

C. Brucella abortus, histophilus somni

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What is the role of F plasmid?

A. Helps the division of the bacterium

B. Controls the conjugation

C. Accelerates the metabolism of the bacterium

D. helps the defense of the bacterium against environmental challenges

B. Controls the conjugation

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Which antibiotics inhibit DNA synthesis, by inhibiting the synthesis of folic acid?

A. chloramphenicol, florfenicol

B. Sulphametoxazole, trimethorpim

C. Clindamycin, lincomycin

D. nitrofurantoin

B. Sulphametoxazole, trimethorpim

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Which antibiotic is bacteriocidal?

A. macrolides

B. aminoglycosides

C. sulfonamides

D. chloramphenicol, florfenicol

B. aminoglycosides

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Which statement is true about the gram staining?

A. We use 96% ethanol to extract fuchsin form gram + bacteria

B. We cannot stain the gram - bacteria with fuchsin, because they were stained by crystal violet and lugol’s iodine soultions before

C. Gram - bacteria loose their crystal violet and lugol’s iodine stained color during the process

D. In case of gram - bacteria, we use crystal violet and lugol’s iodine as counter staining.

C. Gram - bacteria loose their crystal violet and lugol’s iodine stained color during the process

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What is the mode of action of cationic detergents?

A. oxidation, cell wall and protein damage

B. reduction, alkylation

C. increased permeability, reaction with lipids, cytoplasm membrane damage

D. enzyme inactivation

C. increased permeability, reaction with lipids, cytoplasm membrane damage

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Which one is/are true for the mycoplasma genus?

A. they are the largest free-living microorganisms in the world

B. they do not have a cell wall

C. they live only in animals

D. all of the three are true

B. they do not have a cell wall

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Which energy yielding mechanism do not have the eukaryotes?

A. Fermentation

B. Aerobic respiration

C. Anaerobic respiration

D. photosynthesis

C. Anaerobic respiration

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Which is not a name of a group of bacteria?

A. Sarcina

B. Spirillum

C. Pallisade

D. bunch of grapes

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Which antibiotics resistance test cannot result in minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values?

A. Disc diffusion method

B. broth dilution method

C. E-test

D. neither test can result MIC

A. Disc diffusion method

ONLY broth dilution method can result in MIC??!!

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Which statements is/are true?

A. catalase positive campylobacter species are facultative pathogens

B. campylobacter species are microaerophils

C. catalase negative campylobacter species are saprophytes

D. all of the three are true

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Bacteria cell wall

A. Essential cell component, every bacterial genus has it

B. Essential cell component, but not every bacterial genus has it

C. Non.essential cell component, every bacteria genus has it

D. Non-essential cell component, and not every bacteria has it

B. Essential cell component, but not every bacterial genus has it

EVERY bacteria has it, except mycoplasma

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The origin of antibiotics resistance is…

A. Innate

B. Acquired

C. Can be both

D. neither

C. Can be both

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Which factors are involved in the high resistance of bacterial spores?

A. Layered structure

B. Dehydration

C. negligible metabolism

D. All of them

A. Layered structure

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Which amino acid is the base of indole production?

A. Glutamic acid

B. Methionin

C. Valine

D. Tryptophan

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Stains of the Gram staining

A. Crystal violet, lugol’s iodine, methylene-blue

B. Methylene-blue, lugol’s iodine, carbol-fuchsin

C. Toluidine-blue, lugol’s iodine, crystal violet

D. Crystal violet, lugol’s iodine, fuchsin

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25. Which statement is true about agar agar? A. Melting point is 45-50 (85-90) B. Solidifying point is at 85-90 (45-50) C. most of bacteria cannot split D. chemically it is polypeptide

C. most of bacteria cannot split

26. Which statement is true about peptidoglycan? A. composed of lipopolysaccharide complex B. Lysosim cannot split C. Composed of N-acetyl glucosamine and N-acteyl muramic acid and peptide subunits D. forms a ticker layer in gram negative bacteria, compared to gram +

C. Composed of N-acetyl glucosamine and N-acteyl muramic acid and peptide subunits

27. Which genus can be facultative pathogenic? A. sarcina B. Ruminococcus C. peptoniphilus D. all of them

D. all of them

28. Which one is NOT true? A. X factor mean heam which can be provided with blood enrichment in agar B. SomeHaemophilusneedsalsoCO2duringtheircultivation C. V factor means NAD which can be provided by yeast extract or satellite strains co-cultivation D. Haemophilus species do not need either X or V factor

D. Haemophilus species do not need either X or V factor

29. Can produce antibiotics A. Bacillus cereus, Bacillusthuringiensis B. Bacillusmegaterium, Bacillus Subtilis C. Bacillus licheniformis, Paenibacillus polymyxa D. Paenibacillus larvae, Geobacillus strearothermophilus

**C. Bacillus licheniformis, Paenibacillus polymyxa** * •B. licheniformis/subtilis: bacitracin production * • Paenibacillus (B.) polymyxa: polymyxin production

30. Which disinfectant can be used as hand disinfectant? A. chloramine-B B. Cationic detergents C. Ethyl-alcohol D. All of them

A. chloramine-B D. All of them? *The others can be used on skin, so that equals hands as well? Chloramine-B does say hand*

31. Which one(s) can cause the potomac horse fever? A. Microsporum gypsum B. Microsporum canis C. Trichophyton mentagrophytes D. None of them

D. None of them ## Footnote Neorickettsia risticii: Potomac horse fever (N-America, Europe)

32. What antibiotic is effective against only Gram-positive bacteria A. Polymyxin B. Tetracycline C. Vancomycin D. Florfenicol

C. Vancomycin

33. Which bacteria could be often multiresistant to antibiotics? A. Mycobacterium spp. B. Enterococcus spp. C. Pseudomonas aeruginosa D. All of them

D. All of them

34. Which one(s) is/are true for the ureaplasma genus? A. Faculatative anaerobes B. CO2 demand for their cultivation C. Cholesterol demand for their cultivation D. All of the three are true

D. All of the three are true

35. Which spores are formed asexual? A. Zygospora B. Ascospora C. Basidiospora D. Sporangiospora

D. Sporangiospora

36. Tetracyclines A. Causing the misreading of mRNA, so faulty proteins are produced B. Inhibit the binding of tRNA to the ribosomes C. Inhibit the peptidyl-transferase enzyme, so inhibit transpeptidation D. Inhibit the transpeptidase enzyme, inhibiting the synthesis of acetyl – muramic acid

B. Inhibit the binding of tRNA to the ribosomes

37. Which production could be encoded in plasmids? A. Haemolysins B. Toxins C. Colicins D. All of them

D. All of them

38. What affects the size of zone of inhibition in case of a disc diffusion antibiotic... A. Sizeofinoculum B. Medium C. Incubation conditions (temperature, time atmosphere) D. All of them

D. All of them

39. Which factors can affect the shape of bacteria A. Ingredientsofthemedium B. Ageofculture C. Temperature D. All of them

D. All of them

40. Location of the bacterial amino acid synthesis A. Cytoplasmicmembrane B. Cytoplasm C. Cell wall D. Plasmids

B. Cytoplasm ??

41. What osmotic pressure to bacteria demand, in general? A. Equal to 0.35% NaCl solution B. Equal to 0,85% NaCl solution C. Equal to 1,25% NaCl solution D. Equal to 3,5% NaCl solution

B. Equal to 0,85% NaCl solution

42. Which antibiotic is bactericidal? A. Macrolides B. Aminoglycosides C. Sulfonamides D. Chloramphenicol, florfenicol

B. Aminoglycosides

43. If an antibiotic is **bacteriostatic**, that means... A. Inhibits the motility of the bacteria B. Inhibits the propagation of the bacteria C. Causes damage of the cytoplasm membrane D. Inhibits the toxin production of bacteria

B. Inhibits the propagation of the bacteria

44. Number of bacteria harbored in a human body compared to the number... A. Minimal, the human body is almost sterile B. Less C. Nearly equal D. More

D. More

**45. What is the PPD?** A. A Quality assurance and safety protocol for laboratories, working with Mycobacteria B. Name of the vaccine strain against human tuberculosis. The letters are the monograms of the developers C. Purified protein derivative: a purified antigen extract used in the tuberculin test D. Once effective disinfectant against Mycobacteria, nowadays banned because of carcinogenicity

C. Purified protein derivative: a purified antigen extract used in the tuberculin test

46. Which chemical does NOT have disinfective effect, but used together with other disinfectants? A. Aceticacid B. Ethyl-alcohol C. Anionic detergents D. AgNO3

**D. AgNO3**

47. What Is the mode of action in chlorine compounds? A. Oxidation, cell wall, and protein damage B. Reduction, alkylation C. Increase permeability, cytoplasm membrane damage D. Reacting with lipids

**A. Oxidation, cell wall and protein damage**

48. Which sterilization method uses dry heat? A. Hot air oven B. Autoclave C. Fraction sterilization D. Neither

**A. Hot air oven**

49. What kind of information can we get, if we examine bacteria in wet chamber? A. Shape , size, arrangement B. Motility C. Both A and B D. neither

**C. Both A and B**

50. Which method CANNOT be used to count the total live count? A. Broth dilution method B. Membrane filter method C. Electronic cell count D. Both A,B,C are impossible

**A. Broth dilution method** B. Membrane filter method ONLY electronic cell count can be used to TOTAL LIVE COUNT Membrane filter method can be used to count the VIABLE CELL COUNT

51. Bacteriophages involved in phage conversion are A. Lyticphages B. Temperate phages C. Both A and B are possible D. Neither

D. Neither *Prophage*

52. Does NOT belong to the Eucaryotes A. Algae (except of Blue algae) B. Protozoa C. Archea D. Yeasts

**C. Archea**

53. Role of sex fimbriae A. Transfer of genetical information (conjugation) B. Adhesion to different surfaces C. Helping the cleavage of the bacteria (multiplication of the bacterial cell) D. Regulation of the multiplication of the nuclear material

**A. Transfer of genetical information (conjugation)**

54. Role of endospores A. Survival during adverse environmental conditions B. Multiplication of the bacterial cell (one vegetative cell -\> more spores -\> more vegetative cell) C. Both A and B D. Neither 

**C. Both A and B**

55. What are the signals for sporulation A. Higher temperature, drying B. Nutrient resource depletion C. Accumulation of waste metabolites D. All of them

**D. All of them**

56. Role of bacteria in the nitrogen cycle A. Decompositionofdeadanimalsandplants B. Fixation of N2 C. Production of NO2, NO3 D. All of them

**D. All of them**

57. What is the pH level of an ordinary medium A. 5,6-5,9 B. 6,7-6,9 C. 7,2-7,4 D. 7,6-8,1

**C. 7,2-7,4**

58. Which statement is true about phase-contrast microscopes A. Special staining method is needed for observing bacteria B.Contrast material has to be dropped between the objective lens and the slide C. Can be achieved about 10 times higher magnification compared to ordinary bright-field microscopes D. We can see high image contrast without any staining, so distortion of staining can be eliminated

**D. We can see high image contrast without any staining, so distortion of staining can be eliminated**

59. Obligate anaerobic bacterial genera A. Staphylococcus, Rhodococcus, pseudomonas B. Enterococcus, Enterobacter, Escherichia C. Brachyspire, Fusobacterium, clostridium D. Actinobacillus, bacillus, erysipelothrix

C. **Brachyspire**, **Fusobacterium**, **clostridium**

60. A staining method when the colour in case of positive result is blue (purple) A. Gram B. Ziehl-Neelsen C. Köster D. All of them

**A. Gram**

61. Fixation is needed during the preparation of smears, in order to A. Make the cell wall of the bacteria permeable to stains B. Stick bacteria on the surface of the slide, preventing to wash them off C. Both A and B D. Neither

**B. Stick bacteria on the surface of the slide, preventing to wash them off**

62. What is the right order of the fungal part, according to their resistance A. Vegetative parts \> sexual spore \> asexual spore B. Asexual spore \> vegetative parts \> sexual spore C. Sexual spore \> asexual spore \> vegetative parts D. Asexual spore \> sexual spore \> vegetative parts

**C. Sexual spore \> asexual spore \> vegetative parts**

63. Eucaryotes do NOT have this A. Endoplasmic reticulum B. Golgi-complex C. Ribosome size: 70 S D. Ribosome size: 80 S

**C. Ribosome size: 70 S**

64. What is the mode of action of aldehyds? A. Oxidation, cell wall, and protein damage B. Reduction, alkylation, cell wall, damage of nucleic acid and proteins, cell wall damage C. Increased permeability, reaction with lipids, cytoplasm membrane damage D. Enzyme inactivation

**B. Reduction, alkylation, cell wall, damage of nucleic acid and proteins, cell wall damage**

65. Which statement is true about bacterial cell walls? A. Protects bacteria from mechanical damage and osmotic lysis B. Permeability is not selective C. Determines the shape and the staining of the bacteria D. All of them

**D. All of them**

66. What results resistancy against aminoglycosides? A. Enzymatic drug inactivation B. Modification of binding sites C. Both A and B D. Neither 

**C. Both A and B**

67. What is the advantage of using real-time PCR? A. Faster, every result can be read immediately B. Quantitative C. Less costs D. All of them

A. Faster, every result can be read immediately

68. What is NOT a name of a group of bacteria? A. Sarcina B. Spirillum C. Palisade D. bunch of grapes

**C. Palisade**

69. Capsular materials can be A. Peptidoglycan B. Lipopolysaccharide C. Hyaluronic acid D. All of them

C. Hyaluronic acid

70. What is the role of bacterial pigments? A. Protection from light, redoxprocesses B. Photosynthesis C. Nutrient-reservoir, pH adjustment (buffers) D. Virulence factor

**A. Protection from light, redoxprocesses**

71. Which statement is NOT true about fermentation? A. Oxidation which dehydrogenation , in the absence of CO2 B. Basis: glucose,glucose-6-phosphate C. Excess carbohydrates, end product: only CO2 and water D. Limited carbohydrate end product: organic acids, alcohol

**C. Excess carbohydrates, end product: only CO2 and water**

72. Which antibiotics inhibit DNA-dependent RNA polymerase enzyme A. Beta-lactam antibodies B. Macrolides C. Nitrofurantoin D. Rifampins

**D. Rifampins**

73. What affects the size of the zone of inhibition in the case of disc diffusion antibiotic susceptibility tests? A. Size of inoculum B. Medium C. Incubation conditions (temperature, time, atmosphere...) D. All of them

**D. All of them**

74. Culture of the Tyzzer’s disease A. Onnutrientagar B. Onbloodagar C. On salt-mannitol agar D. Only on cell cultures (mouse fibroblast or liver cells), or in embryonated eggs

**D. Only on cell cultures (mouse fibroblast or liver cells), or in embryonated eggs**

75. Plasmids A. Round shaped B. Replicate independently C. Can be transported to a different bacterial cell during conjugation D. All of them

**D. All of them**

76. Which statement is true about the nuclear material of bacteria A. Chromosome is bound to the cytoplasmic membrane at one point B. Surrounded by the nuclear membrane C. Mostly diploid D. Composed of dsRNA in superhelix

**A. Chromosome is bound to the cytoplasmic membrane at one point**

77. What is true about the simple staining? A. only one kind of stain is used B. the result color is the same by every bacterial component C. Both A and B D. Neither

C. Both A and B

78. Which method can be used to count the total cell count? A. microscopic count (burker chamber) B. Spectrophotometer C. Real time PCR D. Broth dilution method

A. microscopic count (burker chamber)

79. What are the adverse effects of aminoglycoside antibiotics? A. ototoxic, nephrotoxic B. neurotoxic C. carcinogenic D. hypersensitivity reaction (anaphylactic reaction)

**A. ototoxic, nephrotoxic**

80. Location of the bacterial amino acid synthesis A. cytoplasmic membrane B. cytoplasm C. cell wall D. plazmids

B. cytoplasm ??

81. What are the damage of the usage of ethylene oxid? A. carcinogenic B. explosive C. corrosive D. slow decomposition in the environment

**A. carcinogenic**

82. Which statement is NOT true about heterotrophic bacteria? A. organic carbon source is needed in their metabolism B. facultative pathogenic bacteria are facultative heterotrophic, they can utilize anorganic matter as well C. every obligate pathogenic bacteria are heterophic D. saprophytic bacteria could be also heterotrophic

B. facultative pathogenic bacteria are facultative heterotrophic, they can utilize anorganic matter as well

83. Which antibiotics produce metabolites active against DNA? A. metronidal, nitrofurantoin B. ciprofloxacin, flumequine C. tilmicosin, tiamulin D. cephtiofur, cephalexin

**A. metronidal, nitrofurantoin**

84. Which sterilisation uses wet heat? A. autoclave B. boiling C. fraction sterilization D. all of them

D. all of them

85. What results in resistancy against tetracyclines? A. Enzymatic drug inactivation B. Modificationofbindingsites C. Decreased intracellular accumulation D. Alternation in metabolism

**A. Enzymatic drug inactivation**

86. What is true about the capsule production of bacteria? A. encoded in the genome, the environment does not effect B. encoded in the genome, the environment effects C. there is NO correlation between the capsular production and colonial morphology D. cannot be visualised by staining

B. encoded in the genome, the environment effects

87. What is the mode of action of dyes (as disinfectants)? A. oxidation, cell wall and protein damage B. reduction, alkylation C. increased permeability, reaction with lipids, cytoplasm membrane damage D. enzyme inactivation

D. enzyme inactivation

88. Which statement is true about the plasmid of bacteria A. Consist of dsRNA, linear B. Consist of dsRNA, circular C. Consist of dsDNA, linear D. Consist of dsDNA, circular

D. Consist of dsDNA, circular

89. Blood agar is A. common, differential medium B. common, selective medium C. differential, selective medium D. natural, common medium

A. common, differential medium

90. The microaerophil means that: A. TheneeddecreasedCO2level B. TheyneedincreasedCO2level(20%) C. They need increased oxygen level (26%) D. They need CO2 (10%) and decreased oxygen (6%) level.

**D. They need CO2 (10%) and decreased oxygen (6%) level.**

91. Which antibiotics inhibit protein synthesis? A. Sulfonamides B. Quinolones C. Macrolides D. Cephalosporins

**C. Macrolides**

92. Which staining method is a differential staining? A. Gram B. Stamp C. Both A and B D. Neither

C. Both A and B

93. Bacteriological staining methods, sorted according to the time needed to their process. Started with the longest. A. Every staining methods are more or less equal long B. Ziehl-Neelsen\>Gram\>Köster C. Ziehl-Neelsen \> Köster \> Gram D. Klöster \> Ziehl-Neelsen \> Gram

**B. Ziehl-Neelsen\>Gram\>Köster**

94. What is the optimal temperature of mesophile bacteria ??? A. \<15C B. 15-45C C. 45C D. temperature does not affect the propagation

**B. 15-45C**

95. What is the optimal temperature of thermophile bacteria A. \<15C B. 22-37C C. 15-45C D. 45C\<

**D. 45C\<**

96. A staining method when the color in case of the negative result is red (pink) A. Gram B. Ziehl-Neelsen C. Köster D. Stamp

**A. Gram**

97. NON-essential cell component A. Cytoplasmic reticulum B. Cytoplasm C. Nucleus D. Flagella

**D. Flagella**

98. What happens in the lag phase of the bacterial propagation? A. Cell count number is not changed, biosynthesis of induced enzymes, bacterias are getting used to the new environment. B. Cellcount number is not changed, replication and cell death is balanced C. Intensive division, the exponential increase of the cell count D. Decreased cell count, death of the culture

**A. Cell count number is not changed, biosynthesis of induced enzymes, bacterias are getting used to the new environment.**

99. Which antibiotics is bacteriostatic A. Beta-lactamase antibiotics B. polypeptides C. tetracyclines D. vancomycin

**C. tetracyclines**

100. Which disinfectant can be used to disinfect wounds? A. iodophors B. mercurochrom C. lactic acid D. all of them

**D. all of them**

101. What is the difference between the blood agar and the nutrient agar? A. in case of the blood agar, the water content of the medium if fully replaced by blood B. blood agar is synthetic, nutrient agar is a natural medium C. blood agar is a selective, nutrient agar is a common medium D. blood agar contains 10% defibrinated sheep blood

**D. blood agar contains 10% defibrinated sheep blood**

102. Which one can infect humans as well? A. trichophyton mentagrophytes B. trichopyton verrucosum C. microsporum gyseum D. all of the three are true

D. all of the three are true

103. Role of bacteria in environment? A. decomposition of organic matter and other material B. recycling of materials C. nutrient reservoir D. all of them

**D. all of them**

104. Which statement is NOT true about conjungation? A. ssDNA transfered B. amount of transfered DNA is time dependent C. directed by R plasmid D. transfer goes both ways

**D. transfer goes both ways**

105. NOT causes malignant edema: A. Clostridium, Bacillus anthracis B. Clostridium, Bacillus subtilits C. Clostridium Bacillus cereus D. Clostridium, Bacillus megaterium

C. **Clostridium** **Bacillus cereus**

106. What is the danger of the usage of peracetic acid? A. carcinogenic B. explosive, corrosive C. toxic D. slow decomposition in the environment

B. explosive, corrosive

107. For what is used a dark field microscope? A. examination of motility B. oberseriving pigment granules of bacteria C. cell counting D. observing surface structures of bacteria

A. examination of motility

108. Cell wall of Gram + bacteria: A. composed of a 2 layered peptidoglycan B. ratio of N-acetyl muramic acid crosslinks 30% C. contains peptide cross-bridges D. closed, non-permeable

**C. contains peptide cross-bridges**

109. Cell wall of gram negative bacteria A. composed of a 10-12 layered peptidoglycan B. ratio of N-acetyl muramic acid crosslinks 100% C. contains lipoprotein-liposaccharide complex van benne D. porous, permeable

D. porous, permeable

110. Carbon amount harbored in all bacteria of the world compared to the carbon amount harboured in all plants of the world A. less B. nearly equal C. more (2-10x) D. much more (100-1000x)

A. less

111. Which statement is true about the chromosomes of bacteria? A. consists of dsDNA B. in most of the cases haploid C. in most cases circular D. all of them

D. all of them

112. Which sterilization method uses wet heat A. Autoclave B. Boiling C. Fraction sterilization D. All of them

D. All of them

113. Which statement is true about the capsule production of bacteria? A. Encoded in the genome,the environment does NOT effect B. Encoded in the genome,the environment effects C. There is NO correlation between the capsular production and the colonial morphology D. Cannot be visualized by staining

**B. Encoded in the genome,the environment effect**

114. What is the mode of action of dyes (as disinfectants) A. oxidation,cell wall and protein damage B. Reduction, alkylation C. Increased permeability, reaction with lipids, cytoplasm membrane damage D. Enzyme inactivation

D. Enzyme inactivation

115. What is the mode of action of chlorine compounds A. Oxidation cell wall and protein damage B. reduction, alkylation C. Increased permeability, cytoplasm membrane damage D. Reacting with lipids

A. Oxidation cell wall and protein damage

116. Which statement is true about the chromosomes of bacteria A. Consists of dsDNA B. In most of cases haploid C. In most of the cases circular D. All of them

D. All of them

117. What are the dangers of the usage of peracetic acid? A. Carcinogenic B. explosive,corrosive C. Toxic D. Slow decomposition in the environment

**B. explosive,corrosive**

119. The causative agent of the greasy pigs disease A. Staph.Aureus subsp.Aureus B. Staph.Hyicus C. Strep. Porcinus D. None of the above

**B. Staph.Hyicus**

120. Which statement is true about the plasmids of bacteria A. ConsistofdsRNA,linear B. ConsistofdsRNA,circular C. Consist of dsDNA, linear D. Consist of dsDNA, circular

D. Consist of dsDNA, circular

121. Blood agar is... A. Common, differential medium B. Common, selective medium C. Differential, selective medium D. Natural, common medium

**A. Common, differential medium**

122. Which disinfectant can be used to disinfect wounds A. Iodophors B. Mercurochrom C. Lactic acid D. All of them

**D. All of them**

123. Bacterial cell wall A. Essential cell component, every bacterial genus has it B. Essential cell component,but not every bacterial genus hasit C. Non-essential cell component, every bacterial genus has it D. Non-essential cell component, and not every bacterial genus has it

B. Essential cell component,but not every bacterial genus hasit

124. Which staining method can be used to **stain mycobacteria** A. Ziehl-Neelsen staining,they cannot be stained by Gram staining B. Koster staining,they cannot be stained by gram staining C. Modified gram staining (acid- alcohol is used for differentiation) D. Stamp staining, they cannot be stained by gram staining

**C. Modified gram staining** (acid- alcohol is used for differentiation)

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Bacillus**, **Paenibacillus** 1. Which antigen is NOT included in the toxin of bacillus anthracis? A. Oedema factor B. Heat stabile polysaccharide hapten C. lethal factor D. Protective antigen

B. Heat stabile polysaccharide hapten

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Bacillus, Paenibacillus** 2. NOT flagellated A. Bacillus anthracis B. Bacillus subtilis C. Bacillus cereus D. Bacillus megaterium

**A. Bacillus anthracis**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Bacillus, Paenibacillus** 2. NOT flagellated 3. Used as insecticides in bio-gardens: A. bacillus cereus B. paenibacillus larvae C. paenibacillus polymyxa D. Bacillus thuringiensis

D. Bacillus thuringiensis

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Bacillus, Paenibacillus** 4. The most characteristic form of anthrax in the case of horses A. Peracute form, septicemia B. Subacute anthrax, oedematous swelling in the pharyngeal region C. Subacute anthrax with localised oedema, septicaemia with coli and enetritos D. Pulmonary anthrax

**C. Subacute anthrax with localised oedema, septicaemia with coli and enetritos**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Bacillus, Paenibacillus** 5. Can produce bacitracin A. Bacillus subtilis B. bacillus megaterium C. bacillus licheniformis D. Paenibacillus polymyxa

**C. bacillus licheniformis &** A. Bacillus subtilis

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Bacillus, Paenibacillus** 6. Conditions of spore-forming of Bacillus anthracis A. CO2 and at least 15oC B. CO2 and at least 37oC C. O2 and at least 15oC D. O2 and at least 37oC

**C. O2 and at least 15oC**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Bacillus, Paenibacillus** 7. Which stain can be used to stain Bacillus anthracis and its capsule? What is the result of the (staining)? A. Methilene- blue, bacteria: blue, capsule pink B. Methilene- blue, bacteria: pink, capsule blue C. Toluidine-blue, bacteria: blue, capsule pink D. Toluidine- blue, bacteria: pink, capsule blue

**C. Toluidine-blue, bacteria: blue, capsule pink**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Bacillus, Paenibacillus** 8. The most characteristic form of anthrax in the case of sheep. A. Peracute form, septicaemia B. Subacute anthrax, oedematous swelling in the pharyngeal region C. Haemorrhagic enteritis D. Pulmonary anthrax

**A. Peracute form, septicaemia**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Bacillus, Paenibacillus** 9. Method/s NOT advisable to be used by the diagnostic of anthrax A. Making impression smear and staining B. Culture C. PCR D. Pathological examination

D. Pathological examination

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Bacillus, Paenibacillus** 10. Possible human forms of anthrax A. Skin anthrax B. Pulmonary anthrax C. Intestinal anthrax D. All of them

**D. All of them**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Bacillus, Paenibacillus** 11. The capsule material of Bacillus Anthracis A. PolyD-glutamic acid B. PolyL-glutamic acid C. Poly D- aspartic acid D. Poly L- aspartic acid

**A. PolyD-glutamic acid**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Bacillus, Paenibacillus** 12. Pathogenicity of bacillus cereus in humans: A. septicemia B. food poisoning, eye infections C. arthritis D. pneumonia

**B. food poisoning, eye infections**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Bacillus, Paenibacillus** 13. Can produce antibiotics A. bacillus cereus, bacillus thuringiensis B. bacillus megaterium, bacillus subtilis C. bacillus licheniformis, paenibacillus polymyxa D. paenibacillus larvae, geobacillus strearothermophilus

**C. bacillus licheniformis, paenibacillus polymyxa**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Bacillus, Paenibacillus** 14. Rarly can cause mastitis in cattle A. bacillus anthracis B. bacillus subtilis C. bacillus cereus D. bacillus megaterium

**C. bacillus cereus**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Bacillus, Paenibacillus** 15. Culture of bacillus anthracis A. fastidious, grows only on blood agar by the presence of CO2, but for the capsule production O2 is needed B. fastidious, grows only on blood agar by the presence of O2, but for the capsule production CO2 is needed C. simple, facultative anaerobic, but for the capsule production O2 is needed D. simple, but obligate aerobic, for the capsule production CO2 is needed

## Footnote **D. simple, but obligate aerobic, for the capsule production CO2 is needed**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Bacillus, Paenibacillus** 16. Which statement is not true about Bacillus anthracis? A. Flagellated B. has capsule C. can form spores D. 4-5 micrometer long, rod shaped

**A. Flagellated (no flagella)**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Bacillus, Paenibacillus** 17. Pathogenity of bacillus cereus in humans A. Septicaemia B. Food poisoning,eye infections C. Arthritis D. Pneumonia

**B. Food poisoning,eye infections**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Bacillus, Paenibacillus** 18. Can produce antibiotics A. Bacillus cereus, thuringiensis B. Bacillus megaterium, subtilis C. Bacillus licheniformis, paenibacillus polymxa D. Paenibacillus larvae, geobacillus strearothermophilus

**C. Bacillus licheniformis, paenibacillus polymxa**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Bacillus, Paenibacillus** 19. Causing a notifiable disease A. Bacillus cerus B. Bacillus licheniformis C. Bacillus thuringiensis D. Paenibacillus larvae

**D. Paenibacillus larvae**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Bacillus, Paenibacillus** 20. Can produce antibiotics A. bacillus cereus, bacillus thuringiensis B. bacillus megaterium, bacillus subtilis C. bacillus licheniformis, paenibacillus polymyxa D. paenibacillus larvae, geobacillus strearothermophilus

**C. bacillus licheniformis, paenibacillus polymyxa**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Bacillus, Paenibacillus** 21. Can cause sporadic abortions in cattle A. B.Licheniformis B. B.megaterium C. B. subtilis D. B.Thuringiensis

**A. B.Licheniformis**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Clostridium** 1. Location and size of the spores of Clostridia A. Terminal, subterminal or central, diameter of spore is less or equal compared to the bacterial cell B. Terminal, subterminal or central, diameter of spore is larger compared to the bacterial cell C. Only central, diameter of spore is larger compared to the bacterial cell D. Only central, diameter of spore is less or equal to the bacterial cell

**B. Terminal, subterminal or central, diameter of spore is larger compared to the bacterial cell**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Clostridium** 2. Clostridium difficile belongs to this group of clostridia: A. Neurotoxic B. histotoxic C. enteropathogenic D. other

C. enteropathogenic

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Clostridium** 3. Clostridium perfringens is a exception amongst the Clostridia, because A. Theoptimalculturetemperatureisdifferent(40-45C) B. Hascapsule,butnoflagella C. Both are true D. Neither are correct

**C. Both are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Clostridium** 4. Clostridium chauvoei belongs to this group of clostridia: A. Neurotoxic B. histotoxic C. Enteropathogenic D. other

**B. histotoxic**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Clostridium** 5. Susceptible to clostridium difficile A. Chicken, turkey B. Quail, pheasant C. Both D. Neither

**D. Neither** **(human, foul, dog)**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Clostridium** 6. Causative agent of blackleg A. Clostridium septicum B. Clostridium chauvoei C. Clostridium sordelli D. Clostridium haemolyticum

**B. Clostridium chauvoei**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Clostridium** 7. Habitat of clostria: A. soil B. intestines of animals C. mud,water D. all of them

**D. all of them**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Clostridium** 8. The causative agent of necrotic enteritis of pigs A. Clostridium perfringens A B. Clostridium perfringens B C. Clostridium perfringens C D. Clostridium perfringens D

**C. Clostridium perfringens C**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Clostridium** 9. Causative agents of blackleg A. Clostridium septicum B. Clostridium chauovei C. Clostridium sordelli D. Clostridium haemolyticum

**B. Clostridium chauovei**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Clostridium** 10. Clostridium colinum causes ulcerative enteritis to: A. dogs B. foals C. both D. neither

**D. neither** **quail, chicken, turkey, pheasant:** ulcerative enteritis: intestinal ulceration, hepatic necrosis

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY Clostridium 11. Main location the production of botulinum toxin A. In rotting materials, feeds, canned foods B. Indeep(anaerobic)wounds C. In bacteria located in the bloodstream D. In lakes, ponds, and still waters

**A. In rotting materials, feeds, canned foods**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Clostridium** 12. Especially susceptible to tetanus A. Horse B. Human C. Both D. Neither

**C. Both**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Clostridium** 13. Which statement is **NOT** true about the bacteria of the clostridium genus? A. can form spores B. large sized gram + rods C. obligate aerobic bacteria D. catalase and oxidase -

**C. obligate aerobic bacteria**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Clostridium** 14. Black discoloration in the muscles is visible A. in case of leasion caused by clostridium novyi B. in case of leasion caused by clostridium chauvoei C. in case of leasion caused by clostridium histolyticum D. in case of leasion caused by clostridium haemolyticum

**B. in case of leasion caused by clostridium chauvoei**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Clostridium** 15. Clostridium piliforme belongs to this group of clostridium: A. neurotoxic B. histotoxic C. enteropathogenic D. other

**D. other** * systematic position questionable * disease: **Tyzzer’s disease (dog, cat, foal, rabbit)**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Clostridium** 16. Causative agent of **infectious necrotizing hepatitis** A. Clostridium novyi B. Clostridium chauvoei C. Clostridium histolyticum D. Clostridium septicum

**A. Clostridium novyi**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Clostridium** 17. Clostridium **perfringens B** is the causative agent of A. necrotic enteritis of chicken B. necrotic enteritis of pigs C. lamb dysentery D. sheep enterotoxaemia (pulpy kidney disease)

**C. lamb dysentery**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Clostridium** 18. The neurotoxin of **clostridium botulinum...** A. split synaptobrevin inhibitory nerves, so causes rigid paralysis B. split synaptobrevin cholinerg nerves, so causes rigid paralysis C. split synaptobrevin in inhibitory nerves, so causes flaccid paralysis D. split synaptobrevin in cholinergic nerves, so causes flaccid paralysis

**D. split synaptobrevin in cholinergic nerves, so causes flaccid paralysis**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Clostridium** 19. What kind of lesions can be caused by peptostreptococcus species A. metritis, arthritis, pneumonia B. enteritis, ulcers in the large intestines C. wound infection, dermatitis D. rumen atony, abomasum displacement

**A. metritis, arthritis, pneumonia**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Clostridium** 20. The **spores** of **clostridium botulinum** are especially resistant to A. acids B. disinfectants C. heat D. antibiotics

**C. heat**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY 1. Causative agent of Morel’s disease of sheep? A. Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus B. Staphylococcus aureus aubsp. anaerobius C. Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, biotype NO3 positive D. Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, biotype NO3 negative

**B. Staphylococcus aureus aubsp. anaerobius**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Staphylococcus** 2. Morphology of Staphylococci A. Gram+, cocci, in a formation like a bundle of grape B. Gram+coccirodsinpalisadeformation C. Gram + cocci in chains D. Gram - cocci in pairs

**A. Gram+, cocci, in a formation like a bundle of grape**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Staphylococcus** 3. Can be the extracellular enzyme of staphylococci A. coagulase B. fibrinolysin C. hyaluronidase D. all of them

**D. all of them**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Staphylococcus** 4. Main habitat of staphylococci A. Skin, mucosal surface B. Food, feed, the surface of plants C. Soil, water D. All of them

**D. All of them**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Staphylococcus** 5. Susceptible species to staphylococcus aureus infections A. Cattle, sheep, goat B. Poultry, carnivores C. Horse, swine D. All of them

**D. All of them**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Staphylococcus** 6. Causes otitis externa in dogs and cats A. Staphylococcusintermedius B. Staphylococcusfelis C. Staphylococcus pseudintermedius D. Staphylococcus haemolyticus

**C. Staphylococcus pseudintermedius**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Staphylococcus** 7. Can be the toxin of Staphylococci A. Dermotoxin (exfoliative toxin) B. Shiga-toxin C. Verotoxin D. Leucotoxin

**A. Dermotoxin (exfoliative toxin)**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Staphylococcus** 8. Lesions caused by staphylococcus aureus A. Diamondskindisease, myocarditis B. Local suppuration, mastitis, abscesses, arthritis,metritis C. Central neural symptomes, neruopathy D. Gastro-enteritis, diarrhea, hepatitis

**B. Local suppuration, mastitis, abscesses, arthritis,metritis**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY ## Footnote 9. Can cause mastitis in cattle A. staphylococcus aureus B. streptococcus uberis, streptococcus dysgalactiae, streptococcus agalacticae C. escheridae coli D. all of them

**D. all of them**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY 10. Causative agent of **greasy pig disease?** A. staphylococcus aureus, subsp. aureus B. staphylococcus hyicus C. streptococcus procinus D. streptococcus suis

**B. staphylococcus hyicus**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Staphylococcus** 11. **Fowl typhoid** is caused by A. S.gallinarum B. S.typhimurium C. S.typhi D. S.enteritidis

**A. S.gallinarum**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Staphylococcus** 12. **Fowl parathyroid** is caused by A, S. Gallinarum B. S. Paratyphi C. S. Enteritidis D. S. Typhisuis

**A, S. Gallinarum**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Staphylococcus** 13. Which species is **coagulase negative**? A. Staphylococcus aureus subsp. Anaerobius B. Staphylococcus haemolyticus C. Staphylococcus pseudintermedius D. Staphylococcus intermedius

**B. Staphylococcus haemolyticus**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Micrococcus** 1. Habitat of Micrococci A. Skin and mucosal surfaces B. Environment, food C. Both A and B D. Neither

**C. Both A and B**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY 2. Obligate aerobic bacterial genera A. Staphylococcus, Actinomyces, Listeria B. Micrococcus, Mycobacterium, Brucella C. Streptococcus, Pasteurella, Haemophilus D. Escherichia, Salmonella, Actinobacullus

**B. Micrococcus, Mycobacterium, Brucella**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY 1. Which bacteria gain toxin production by phage conversion? A. bacillusanthracis,clostridiumtetani B. staphylococcusaureus,listeriamonocytogenes C. corynebacterium diphtheria, streptococcus D. every mentioned

**C. corynebacterium diphtheria, streptococcus**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY 2. Causative agent of **strangles** A. Streptococcus equi subsp. Equi B. Streptococcus equi subsp. Zooepidemicus C. Burkholderia mallei D. Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis biotype NO3- positive

**A. Streptococcus equi subsp. Equi**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Streptococcus** 3. What are the **virulence factors** of streptococci? A. capsule, certain surface proteins B. toxins, haemolysins, extracellular enzymes C. both A and B D. neither

**C. both A and B**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Streptococcus** 4. In general, Streptococci are causing A. alphahaemolysis B. Betahaemolysis C. Alpha or beta haemolysis D. No haemolysis

C. Alpha or beta haemolysis

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY 5. Can cause mastitis in cattle A. staphylococcus aureus B. streptococcus uberis, streptococcus dysgalactiae, streptococcus agalacticae C.escheridae coli D. all of them

**D. all of them**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Streptococcus** 6. Which species NOT belongs the group of oral streptococci? A. Streptococcus salivarius B. Streptococcus sanguis C. Streptococcus mutans D. Streptococcus pyogens

**D. Streptococcus pyogens**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Enterococcus** 1. **Habitat of enterococci** A. normal intestinal flora B. soil, natural waters C. both D. neither

**A. normal intestinal flora**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY 2. Not belongs to the group of **anaerobic cocci** A. Ruminococcus B. Enterococcus C. Peptococcus D. Sarcina

**B. Enterococcus**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Enterococcus** 3. Rarely Enterococci can cause A. Endocarditis B. Arthritis C. Abscesses D. All of them

**D. All of them**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Lactobacillus** 1. NOT true about the habitat of lactobacilli. They can be present.... A. on mucosal surfaces, in intestine B. in mammary gland C. in food, feed D. in the normal intestinal flora

**B. in mammary gland**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Lactobacilus** 2. Utilisation of Lactobacillus species: A. as probiotics, in silage making by the dairy industry as well B. used in silage making and by the dairy industry, but because of the active fermentation NOT as probiotics C. as probiotics, but because of the active fermentation NOT used in silage making and by the dairy industry D. they cannot be utilised practically, because they produce to much acids, and sink pH (even under pH4) dramatically

**A. as probiotics, in silage making by the dairy industry as well**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Lactobacilus** 3. NOT true about the habitat of lactobacilli. they can be present... A. on mucosal surfaces, in intestine B. in mammary gland C. in food, feed D. in the normal intestinal flora

**B. in mammary gland**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY 1. Which bacterium **demands Paraamino-benzoic acid?** A. Trueperella pyogenes B. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae C. Taylorella equigenitalis D. Mycoplasma bovis

**B. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY 2. Which bacterium demands paraamino-benzoic acid? A. Trueperella pyogenes B. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae C. Taylorella equigenitalis D. Mycoplasma bovis

**B. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Erysipelothrix** 3. Morphology of S type Erysipelothrix strains A. Gram+,slender, flexible rods B. Gram+, large,wide and longrods C. Gram +, short but wide rod D. Gram +, coccoid rods

**A. Gram+,slender, flexible rods**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY 3. Causative agent of diamond skin disease A. Staphylococcus hyicus B. Streptococcus suis C. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae D. Salmonella choleraesuis

**C. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY ## Footnote 4. Pathogenicity of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae in humans A. Humansarenotsusceptible B. Humanerysipelas C. Erysipeloid D. Gas-gangrene

**C. Erysipeloid**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Listeria** 1. Pathogenicity of Listeria in sheep A. Mainly rumen-atony, lactacidaemia B. Mainly encephalitis, abortions C. Mainly septicaemia, arthritis D. Mainly upper respiratory symptoms, pneumonia

**B. Mainly encephalitis, abortions**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Listeria** 2. Habitat of Listeria species A. Silage, plants B. Soil, waste waters C. Foods D. All of them

**D. All of them**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Listeria** 3. Pathogenicity of **Listeria in cattle** A. mainly rumen-atony, lactacidaemia B. Mainly abortion, encephalitis C. Mainly hepatitis, central neural symptoms D. Mainly upper respiratory symptoms, pneumonia

**B. Mainly abortion, encephalitis**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Mycobacterium** 1. Which staining method can be used stain mycobacterium? A. ziehl-nielsen staining, they cannot be stained by gram staining B. Koster staining, they cannot be stained by gram staining C. Modified gram staining (acid alcohol is used for differentiation) D. Stamp staining they cannot be stained by gram staining.

**C. Modified gram staining (acid alcohol is used for differentiation)**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Mycobacterium** 2. Incubation time of mycobacterium tuberculosis: A. 2-3 weeks B. 3-6 weeks C. 4-8 weeks D. 6-12 weeks

**B. 3-6 weeks**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Mycobacterium** 3. Scotochromogenic mycobacteria A. Light is needed to pigment production B. Darkness is needed to pigment production C. Light is not needed to pigment production D. Do not produce pigment

**C. Light is not needed to pigment production**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Mycobacterium** 4. Which statement is NOT true about the culture of Mycobacteria? A. Mycobacteriaareobligateaerobic B. Theirincubationtimeisverylong(weeks,months) C. Selective culture is possible after acid treatment of the sample D. They cannot propagate in broths, only on solid media (eh. Petragnani, Dorset)

**D. They cannot propagate in broths, only on solid media (eh. Petragnani, Dorset)**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Mycobacterium** 5. Which species are susceptible to Mycobacterium bovis? A. Cattle,ruminants B. Human,swine C. Dog, cat D. All of them

**D. All of them**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Mycobacterium** 6. Resistance of Mycobacterium A. High,best amongst the vegetative bacteria B. High,better than spores C. Average, like other Gram + bacteria D. vegetative bacteria; average, spores; very high, years in the environment

A. High,best amongst the vegetative bacteria B. High,better than spores ??? *Is vegetative bacteria sporeforming or non-sporeforming bacteria?! It has the best among non-sporeforming bacteria*

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Mycobacterium** 7. In the cell wall of mycobacteria A. Inthepeptidoglycanlayertherearemuchmorecross-linkings and peptide cross-bridges, so large molecule stains cannot penetrate the cell wall B.There are lipids, waxes, and mycolic acids, so water-based stains cannot penetrate the cell wall C. The lipopolysaccharide layer prevent the penetration of the stains at room temperature D. Can not see option D

**B.There are lipids, waxes, and mycolic acids, so water-based stains cannot penetrate the cell wall**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Mycobacterium** 8. Which Mycobacterium species can cause tuberculosis to humans? A. Mycobacterium tuberculosis,mycobacterium africanum B. Mycobacteriumbovis, mycobacterium caprae C. Both A and B D. neither

**C. Both A and B**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Mycobacterium** 9. Pathogenicity of facultative pathogenic (atypic) mycobacteria in swine and cattle A. Local lesion and serological changes B. Proliferative tuberculosis C. Exudative tuberculosis D. They cannot colonize these species, nothing happens.

**A. Local lesion and serological changes**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Mycobacterium** 10. Against what are the mycobacteria especially resistant? A. Heat B. Acidandalcohol C. Salt D. Chlorine containing disinfectants

**B. Acid and alcohol**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Mycobacterium** 11. Causative agent of feline leprosy A. Mycobacterium leprae B. Mycobacterium lepraemurium C. Mycoplasma leprae D. Mycoplasma felis

## Footnote **B. Mycobacterium lepraemurium**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Mycobacterium** 12. Causative agents of tuberculosis of reptile and fish A. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacteriumafricanum B. Mycobacteriumgordonae, Mycobacteriumphlei C. Mycobacterium marinum, Mycobacterium fortuitum D. Mycobacterium intracellular, Mycobacterium terrae

**C. Mycobacterium marinum, Mycobacterium fortuitum**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Corynebacterium** 1. Pathogencity of corynebacteria A. Local suppurantion, arthritis, metritis, mastitis B. Upper respiratory disease, pneumonia, lymphadenitis C. Intoxications, central neutral symptoms D. Dermatitis, inflammation of the genitals, foot problems

**A. Local suppurantion, arthritis, metritis, mastitis**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Corynebacterium** 2. Which species can cause cystitis in cattle? A. Corynebacterium renale B. Corynebacterium systiditis C. Corynebacterium pilosum D. all of them

**D. all of them**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Corynebacterium** 3. Habitat of Corynebacteria A. Pathogenic species: mucosal surfaces, skin, milk, saprophytes; also in the soil B. Pathogenic species: lymphnodes , lungsaprophytes: also in natural waters C. Every species: first of all in the soil, animals can be infected only temporary by soil containing feed D. Every species: obligate cell parasites, can survive only in infected hosts

**A. Pathogenic species: mucosal surfaces, skin, milk, saprophytes; also in the soil**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Corynebacterium** 4. Which bacteria gain toxin production by phage conversion? A. bacillusanthracis,clostridiumtetani B. staphylococcusaureus,listeriamonocytogenes C. corynebacterium diphteriae, streptococcus D. every mentioned

**C. corynebacterium diphteriae, streptococcus**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Corynebacterium** 5. Pathogenicity of corynebacteria A. Local suppurations, arthritis, metritis, mastitis B. Upperrespiratorydisease, pneumonia, lymphadenitis C. Intoxications, central neural symptoms D. Dermatitis, inflammation of the genitals, foot problems

**A. Local suppurations,arthritis,metritis,mastitis**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Corynebacterium** 6. Pathogenicity of Corynebacterium diphtheria in humans A.Toxin producing strains: scarlet fever: non-toxin producing strains: humans erysipelas, rheumatic fever, glomerulonephritis B.Toxin producing strains: Diphtheria: non-toxin producing strains: pharyngitis, endocarditis C. Toxin producing strains: pseudotuberculosis: non-toxin producing strains: abscesses in lymph nodes, lymphadenitis D. Toxin producing strains: gonorrhea: non-toxin producing strains: urinary tract infections, inflammation of genitals, cystitis

**B.Toxin producing strains: Diphtheria: non-toxin producing strains: pharyngitis, endocarditis**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY 7. Causative agent of diphtheria A. Staphylococcus aureus B. Streptococcus pneumoniae C. Corynebacterium diphteriae D. Bordetella bronchiseptica

**C. Corynebacterium diphteriae**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY 8. Causative agent of caseous lymphadenitis of sheep and goats A. Staphylococcus aureus sbsp. Anaerobius B. Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, NO3- negative biotype C. Bibersteinia trehalosi D. Can not see option D

**B. Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, NO3- negative biotype**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Corynebacterium** 9. What kind of formations can be formed the groups of corynebacteria? A. pairs, tetrades B. bunch of grapes C. chain D. palisade, chinese letter

**D. palisade, chinese letter**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY 10. Causative agent of equine ulcerative lymphagitis A. streptococcus equi subsp equi B. coryne bacterium pseudo tuberculosis, NO3positivebiotype C. burkholderia mallei D. histoplasma farciminosum

**B. corynebacteriumpseudotuberculosis,NO3positivebiotype**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Actinomyces** 1. Causative agent of **human actinomycosis** A. Actinomyces bovis, actinomyces israeli B. Actinomyces hordeovulneris, actinomyces viscosus C. Actinomyces suimastitidis, actinomyces hyovaginalis D. Actinomyces israeli, actinomyces viscosus

**D. Actinomyces israeli, actinomyces viscosus**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Actinomyces** 2. Morphology of actinomyces species: A. rod or filament shaped, form tubercules B. rod or filament shaped, form sulfur granules C. coccus shaped, form tubercules D. coccus shaped, form sulfur granules

**B. rod or filament shaped, form sulphur granules**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Truperella** 1. Culture demand of **trueperella pyogenes:** A. non fastidious, only nutrient agar B. nutrient agar and room temperature (22C) C. blood agar and native protein D. blood agar, 5-10% CO2 glycerol

**C. blood agar and native protein**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Actinobaculum** 1. Pathogenicity of actinobaculum suis in swine? A. Purulent masitis B. Bone deformity (in maxilla and mandibula) C. purulent encephalitis D. pyelonephritis, purulent cystits

**D. pyelonephritis, purulent cystits**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Actinobaculum** 2. Name(s) of actinobacillus species which is/are important in veterinary field? A. Actino bacillus ligniersii B. Actino bacillus caballi C. Actino bacillus rodentis D. Actino bacillus ureaplasma

**A. Actino bacillus ligniersii**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Actinobaculum** 3. Actinobacillus seminis: A. They live on mucous membranes of rams and bocks B. It needs 10% CO2 for their cultivation C. It can cause inflammation of accessory glands, epididymitis and abortion D. All of the three are true

**D. All of the three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Actinobaculum** 4. Which statement(s) is/are true for the actinobacillus lignieresii? A. Small size rods and producing long filament in smear B. It lives mainly in the cattle and sheep mouth and bowel tract C. Gram-positive, obligate anaerob bacterium D. The first two are true

**D. The first two are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Actinobaculum** 5. Which statement is/are NOT true for the Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae? A. Beta-haemolytic bacterium B. The biotype I of Actinobaciluuis pleuropneumoniae do not need NAD for their growing C. The biotype I will grow on NAD enriched blood agar D. It has two biotypes

**B. The biotype I of Actinobaciluuis pleuropneumoniae do not need NAD for their growing**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Actinobaculum** 6. Culture demand of Actinobaculum suis A. Non fastidious, only nutrient agar B. Nutrient agar and 5-10% CO2 C. Blood agar and anaerobic atmosphere D. Blood agar and microaerophilic

**C. Blood agar and anaerobic atmosphere**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Actinobaculum** 7. Culture demand of actinobaculum suis A. non fastidious, only nutrient agar B. blood agar + yeast C. blood agar and anaerobic atmosphere D. blood agar 5-10% CO2, cystein

**C. blood agar and anaerobic atmosphere**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Actinobaculum** 8. Which species are susceptible to Actinobaculum suis infection? A. Swine B. Cattle C. Both A and B D. Neither

**A. Swine**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Renibacterium**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Renibacterium** 1. Culture demand of Renibacterium salmoninarum A. Lower temperature (15-18C), obligate aerobic, cystein and blood serum B. Lower temperature (10-12C), obligate anaerobic, yeast extract C. Lower temperature (25-28C), microaerophilic atmosphere, glycerol D. Body temperature (37C), 5-10% CO2, chocolate agar, NAD

**A. Lower temperature (15-18C), obligate aerobic, cystein and blood serum**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Renibacterium** 2. Pathogenity of Renibacterium salmoninarum A. Abscesses in kidneys and parenchymal organs B. Furunculosis C. Red mouth disease D. Ascites

**A. Abscesses in kidneys and parenchymal organs**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Rhodococcus** 1. Morphology of rhodococcus equi: A. Gram + coccus B. gram + filament, then rod, finally coccus C. gram - polimorf D. gram - coccus

A. Gram + coccus

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY 2. Which genus can produce pigment? A. Streptococcus B. Enterococcus C. Rhodococcus D. Ruminococcus

**C. Rhodococcus**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Rhodococcus** 3. Colonial morphology of rhodococcus equi A. large colonies, first white,then golden pigment B. small, top of a mountain shaped R colonies, first white ,then yellow ,finally orange pigment C. large, merging S (M) colonies, first white, then salmon pink pigment D. small or medium size S colonies, first red, the brown pigment

**C. large, merging S (M) colonies, first white, then salmon pink pigment**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Rhodococcus** 4. Which species are susceptible to Rhodococcus equi (except horse)? A. Dog, cat, human B. Cattle, swine, human C. Monogastric herbivores: swine, rabbit D. Galliform birds

**B. Cattle, swine, human**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Rhodococcus** 5. Which age group of horses is susceptible of rhodococcus equi? A. every age group B. fetus, newborn C. foal D. adult horses

**C. foal**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Rhodococcus** 6. Culture demand of rhodococcus equi A. non fastidious, only nutrient agar B. blood agar + yeast C. blood agar and anaerobic atmosphere D. blood agar 5-10% CO2, cystein

**A. non fastidious, only nutrient agar**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY 7. Which bacteria are capnophile A. Bacillus anthracis, enterococcus faecalis B. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, burkholderia mallei C. Brucella abortus, histophilus somni D. Rhodococcus equi, trueperella pyogenes

C. Brucella abortus, histophilus somni

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Nocardia** 1. It is characteristic for Nocardia asterioides A. Obligateanaerob B. Facultativeanaerobe C. Obligate aerob D. Fermentative

**C. Obligate aerob**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Nocardia** 2. It is characteristic for Nocardia asteroides A. Carotenoid pigment production (yellow red pink color) B. production of pyocyaninin bluecolor C. carotenoid pigment production (in blue and red color) D. production of saponins in white color

**A. Carotenoid pigment production (yellow red pink color)**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Nocardia** 3. Morphology of Nocardia species A. Gram-positivecoccus B. Ziehl-Neelsenpositiverod C. Gram-negative rod D. Gram-positive rod, branched filaments

**D. Gram-positive rod, branched filaments**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Dermatophilus** 1. Name of Dermatophilus species which is important in veterinary field A. Dermatophilus canadensis B. Dermatophilus congolensis C. Dermatophilus cutaneus D. Dermatophilus cloacae

**B. Dermatophilus congolensis**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Dermatophilus** 2. It is characteristic for Dermatophilus congolensis A. Anaerobcultivation B. Flagellatedcocciareproduced C. Gram-negative rod D. Not fastidious during its cultivation

**D. Not fastidious during its cultivation**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Enterobacteriaceae** 1. Main antigens in the members of enterobacteriaceae family: A. O (cell wall) antigen and K (capsule) antigen B. H (flagella) and F (fimbria) antigen C. Hemolysine and hyaluronidase D. The first two are true

**D. The first two are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Enterobacteriaceae** 2. What is true for the members of enterobacteriaceae family? A. Gram-negative coccus B. Middle sized (1-3um) rods with flagella (except: member of shigella and klebsiella genus) C. They have anaerobic cultivation D. They cannot move actively

**B. Middle sized (1-3um) rods with flagella (except: member of shigella and klebsiella genus)**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Enterobacteriaceae** 3. What is true for the members of Enterobacteriaceae family? A. They are not fastidious during their cultivation B. We use selective and differential media for their isolation from mixed samples C. Existing low, medium and high selective media for the isolation of enterobacteriaceae D. All of the three are true

**D. All of the three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Enterobacteriaceae** 4. Members of enterobacteriaceae are: A. Divided into two groups: lactose positive and lactose negative genera B. It is uniform family and cannot be divided into genera C. Divided into two groups: genera which contain moving and another genera which contain not moving bacteria D. Divided into two groups oxidative and fermentative genera

**A. Divided into two groups: lactose positive and lactose negative genera**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Enterobacteriaceae** 5. Members of Enterobacteriaceae are A. Classified into species by their sugar splitting abilities B. Classified into species by their biochemical and serological features C. Classified into species by their O (cell wall) antigens D. Classified into species by their lactose splitting abilities

**B. Classified into species by their biochemical and serological features**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Enterobacteriaceae** 6. What is true for the members of Enterobacteriaceae family? A. Large(10micrometer)rods B. Allofthemhasflagella C. Small (1-3 micrometer) rods D. Gram-positive rods

**C. Small (1-3 micrometer) rods**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Serratia** 1. Serratia marcescens: A. They live in mucous membranes of animals and they can produce red pigment B. It is difficult to cultivate them, only under special conditions C. Main habitat is the soil and can produce red pigment D. It does not have any importance in the food industry

**C. Main habitat is the soil and can produce red pigment**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Edwardsiella** 1. Members of Edwardsiella genus are: A. Human pathogenic bacteria B. They are not fastidious during their cultivation C. Basically they need high temperature (42 celsius degree) for their cultivation D. None of them

**D. None of them**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Edwardsiella** 2. Members of Edwardsiella genus are: A. Humanpathogenicbacteria B. Theyarenotfastidiousduringtheircultivation C. Basically they need high temperature of (42 oC) for their cultivation D. None of them are true

**D. None of them are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Edwardsiella** 2. Edwardsiella tarda and Edwardsiella ictaluri: A. Causing dog renal failure B. Causing exudative dermatitis C. Fish pathogens and are fastidious during their cultivation D. All of the three are true

**C. Fish pathogens and are fastidious during their cultivation**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Escherichia** 1. Escherichia coli can not cause in animals... A. Cow mastitis B. Epididymitis and orchitis C. Oedema disease of weaned piglets D. Fowl airsacculitis and peritonitis

**B. Epididymitis and orchitis**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY 2. It is/they are characteristics of escherichia coli: A. They are not fastidious during their cultivation B. It grows as lactose positive strains on low and medium selective medias C. Ability of producing capsule and mucoid colonies on the surface of media D. All of the three are true.

**A. They are not fastidious during their cultivation**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY 3. It is/ they are characteristics of Escherichia coli: A. Gram - coccus B. Gram + rod C. Lactose + rod D. Gram - and lactose +

C. Lactose + rod

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY 4. It is/they are characteristics of escherichia coli: A. it grows as lactose positive (pink) strains on MacConkey agar B. it cannot grow on the drigalski agar (only salmonella) C. it cannot produce catalase enzyme D. all of the three are true

A. it grows as lactose positive (pink) strains on MacConkey agar

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY 5. Can cause mastitis in cattle A. staphylococcus aureus B. streptococcus uberis, streptococcus dysgalactiae, streptococcus agalacticae C. escheridae coli D. all of them

**D. all of them**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Escherichia** 6. Which is/are true for the Escherichia coli? A. All are obligate pathogens B. Someones are facultative pathogens and saprophytes C. All are saprophytes D. All are facultative pathogens

**B. Someones are facultative pathogens and saprophytes**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Escherichia** 7. The main habitat of Escherichia coli? A. Animal bowel tract and their faeces B. Seas C. Hot springs D. Warm blooded animals respiratory tract

**A. Animal bowel tract and their faeces**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Escherichia** 8. It is/they are characteristic(s) of Escherichia coli: A. Gram-negativecoccus B. Gram-positiverod C. Lactose- positive rod D. Gram- and lactose- positive

C. Lactose-positive rod

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Klebsiella** 1. What is/are true for the Klebsiella pneumoniae? A. Obligate pathogen and causing pneumonia in humans B. It can cause pneumonia, mastitis and metritis in animals as well C. Indol positive bacterium D. Lactose negative bacterium

**B. It can cause pneumonia, mastitis and metritis in animals as well**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Klebsiella** 2. What is/are true for the Klebsiella pneumoniae A. Rod shape with capsules B. Wide distribution and producing mucoid colonies on agar surface C. Both of them D. None of them

**C. Both of them**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Klebsiella** 3. What is/are true for the Klebsiella pneumoniae? A. Lactose Positive B. Voges-Proskauerpositive C. Urease Positive D. All of the three are true

**D. All of the three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Klebsiella** 4. What is/are true for the Klebsiella pneumoniae? A. Wide distribution B. Coccus shape C. Ability to move, surrounded with flagella D. Absence of capsule and growing R type of colonies

**A. Wide distribution**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Enterobacter** 1. Enterobacter species are: A. it has rod shape and capsule B. it produce mucoid colonies on agar surface C. wide distribution D. all of the three are true

**D. all of the three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Salmonella** 1. Only human salmonella serotypes are: A. S.enteriditis B. S.typhi C. S.typhimurium D. All of the three are true

**B. S.typhi**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Salmonella** 2. Only human pathogen Salmonella serotypes are: A. S.Paratyphi B. S.Enteritidis C. S. Choleraesuis D. S.Abortusequi

**A. S.Paratyphi**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Salmonella** 3. Only **human pathogen Salmonella** serotypes are: A. S.Typhi B. S.Paratyphi C. S. Sendai D. All of the three are true

D. All of the three are true

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Salmonella** 4. Human and animal pathogen Salmonella species are: A. S. enteritidis B. S. typhi C. S. gallinarum D. All of the three are true

**A. S. enteritidis**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Salmonella** 5. Which is true about the Salmonella cultivation A. They are not fastidious during their cultivation B. They cannot growin MacConkey agar C. They can be isolated selectively on blood agar D. They do not selective enrichment from mixed sample

**A. They are not fastidious during their cultivation**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Salmonella** 6. It is not true for the Salmonella genus A. Wide distribution B. Medium size rod-shaped and possesses flagella C. S. Typhimurium has no flagella D. S. Gallinarum has no flagella

C. S. Typhimurium has no flagella

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Salmonella** 7. Salmonella species about their antigens.... A. Cannot be classified B. Can be classified by Kauffmann-White system C. Have cross-reaction between serotypes D. They can be classified into two species, namely S. enterica and S. bongori

**B. Can be classified by Kauffmann-White system**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Salmonella** 8. Salmonella serotypes can be classified by their pathogenicity into these groups A. Onlyhumanpathogenserotypes B. Onlyanimalpathogenserotypes C. Human an animal pathogen serotypes D. All of the three are true

**D. All of the three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Salmonella** 9. It is true for the salmonella genus A. wide distribution B. medium size rod shape and possess of flagella C. lactose positive D. the first two are true

**A. wide distribution**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Salmonella** 10. It is true for the salmonella genus A. they can split lactose, therefore they are lactose positives B. they produce hydrogen-sulphide C. they are indol positives D. they are voges-proskauer positives

**B. they produce hydrogen-sulphide**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Shigella** 1. What is/are true for the biochemical features of shigella genus? A. Indol + B. Lactose + C. Metyl-red + D. Urease +

**C. Metyl-red +**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Shigella** 2. What is/are true for the biochemical features of the Shigella genus? A. Indolpositives B. Lactosepositives C. Methyl-red positives D. Urease positives

**C. Methyl-red positives**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Yersinia**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Yersinia** 1. Which one is true? A. yersinia enterocolitica causes similar signs in mesenterial lymph nodes like tuberculosis B. yersinia pseudotuberculosis can cause trout septicaemia (red mouth disease) C. A yersinia ruckeri cause abortion in cattles and sheep

A. yersinia enterocolitica causes similar signs in mesenterial lymph nodes like tuberculosis

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Yersinia** 2. What is/are true for the Yersinia pseudotuberculosis? A. 1-2um,coccoid rod shape B. They have flagella under 22 degrees celsius C. They are not fastidious for their cultivation D. All of the three are true

D. All of the three are true

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Yersinia** 3. Which one is a Yersinia species A. Y. budapestinensis B. Y. pseudotuberculosis C. Y. cloacae D. Y. dagmatis

**B. Y. pseudotuberculosis**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Citrobacter, Proteus, Provedentia** 1. What is not the main habitat of the member of Citrobacter genus A. Mammals B. Waterandenvironment C. Bowel of birds D. On the surface of citrus

**D. On the surface of citrus**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Citrobacter, Proteus, Provedentia** 2. What is/are true for the proteus species? A. saprophytes B. they have no ability to move , therefor they cannot either move in semiliquid media C. they can block the isolation from moxed sample with their swarming D. theyre lactose neg and phenylalanine-desaminase positive species in the Enterobacteriaceae family

A. **saprophytes AND D. theyre lactose neg and phenylalanine-desaminase positive species in the Enterobacteriaceae family**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Citrobacter, Proteus, Provedentia** 4. What is/are true for the Proteus species? A. Gram-negative B. Swarming on the agar surface C. Wide distribution D. All of the three are true

**D. All of the three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Citrobacter, Proteus, Provedentia** 5. What is/are true for the Proteus species? A. Living in the respiratory tract B. They have not flagella C. Swarming on the agar surface D. None of them

**C. Swarming on the agar surface**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Fusobacterium** 1. True for fusobacterium necrophorum subsp.necrophorum A. Takes part in the production of sheep footrot disease B. It can cause gingivitis and peritonitis in dogs C. It can cause necrobacillosis in calf, piglets and rabbits D. All of the three are true

**D. All of the three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Fusobacterium** 2. True for Fusobacterium necrophorum subsp. necrophorum A. Haemolytic strain and making haemagglutination B. Producing leukotoxin C. Both of them D. None of them

**C. Both of them**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Fusobacterium** 3. True for Fusobacterium species: A. Weak resistant B. Facultative pathogen C. They take part in local injuries which gives anaerobic conditions D. All of the three are true

**D. All of the three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Fusobacterium** 4. True for Fusobacterium species: A. They have coccoid shape B. They are blue after gram staining C. They produce chains and filaments in smear D. None of them

**D. None of them**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Fusobacterium** 5. True for Fusobacterium species: A. They produce several extracellular enzymes B. They cannot split carbohydrates C. They can digest casein and gelatine D. All of the three are true

**D. All of the three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Fusobacterium** 6. True for Fusobacterium necrophorum subsp. necrophorum A. Haemolyticstrain B. Causinghaemagglutination C. Producing leucotoxin D. All of the three are true

**D. All of the three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Bacteroides, Dichelobacter, Prevotella** 1. What is true for the bacteroides, dichelobacter and prevotella genus? A. they live only in the animals lower tract B. they cannot split protein, because they do not have any enzymes for it C. they are medium size (3-5 micrometer) rods and obligate anaerobs D. all of the three are true

**C. they are medium size (3-5 micrometer) rods and obligate anaerobs**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Bacteroides, Dichelobacter, Prevotella** 2. What is/are true for bacteroides, dichelobacter and prevotella genus A. They are medium size (3-5um) rods. B. Gram-negative staining C. Obligate anaerobs D. All of the three are true

**D. All of the three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Bacteroides, Dichelobacter, Prevotella** 3. What is/are true for the bacteroides, dichelobacter and provetella genus? A. Theyaremediumsize(3-5um)rodsandobligateanerobes B. Grampositiverod C. Only they live in the environment D. All of the above are true

**A. Theyaremediumsize(3-5um) rods and obligate anerobes**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Bacteroides, Dichelobacter, Prevotella** 4. What is the main habitat of the member of dichlobacter genus? A. Bowel of animals B. Mucous membrane of respiratory and genital tract C. Water and environment D. All of the three are true

B. Mucous membrane of respiratory and genital tract

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Pasteurella** 1. What is/are not true for the pasturella genus? A. Gram neg, small (0.5-2 micrometer) coccoid rod shape B. they never produce small during their cultivation C. they can produce capsule D. they live mainly on the animals mucous membrane

**B. they never produce small during their cultivation**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Pasteurella** 2. What is/are true for the Pasteurella genus. A. Catalase and oxidase positives B. Absence of capsule C. Absence of cell wall D. High resistance

**A. Catalase and oxidase positives**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Pasteurella** 3. Which statement(s) is/are true? A. Pasteurella species can be classified into 16 groups by their capsule antigens in the Heddleston system B. Pasteurella multocida D producing dermonecrotoxin C. Pasteurella species are catalase and oxidase positives D. All of the three are true

**C. Pasteurella species are catalase and oxidase positives**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Pasteurella** 4. What is/are true for the Pasteurella genus? A. Catalase and oxidase negatives B.They can be classified into16 groups by their capsule antigens in the Heddleston system C. They can produce mucoid colonies on agar surface because of the capsule production. D. Highly resistant and toxin producing species

**C. They can produce mucoid colonies on agar surface because of the capsule production.**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Pasteurella** 5. What is/are true for the Pasteurella genus? A. Gram-positive B. Small size (0,5-2 um), coccoid rod shape C. They live in the environment only D. All of the three are true

**B. Small size (0,5-2 um), coccoid rod shape**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Pasteurella** 6. What is/are NOT true for the Pasteurella genus? A. Gram-negative, small size (o,5-2um), coccoid rod shape B. They are not fastidious, they can grow on-base agar C. They can produce a capsule D. They live mainly on the animal’s mucous membrane

**B. They are not fastidious, they can grow on-base agar**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Pasteurella** 7. What is/are true for the pasteurella genus? A. TheycanproduceM-S-Rcoloniesonagarsurface B.They are fastidious and they need yeast extract enriched blood agar for their cultivation C. During their cultivation they produce an intensive typical smell D. All of the three are true

D. All of the three are true

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY ## Footnote **Mannheimia, Bibersteinia**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Mannheimia, Bibersteinia** 1. Which statement(s) is/are true for the Mannheimia and Bibersteinia genus A. Catalase and oxidase negatives B. They can be classified into several groups by their capsule antigen C. They produce dermone necrotoxin D. They produce toxins and have high resistance

**B. They can be classified into several groups by their capsule antigen**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Mannheimia, Bibersteinia** 2. Which statement (s) is/are true for the Mannheimia and Bibersteinia genus A. They can produce M-S-S colonies on the agar surface B.They are fastidious and they need yeast extract enriched blood agar for their cultivation C. During their cultivation they produce an intensive typical smell D. All of three are true

**B.They are fastidious and they need yeast extract enriched blood agar for their cultivation**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Mannheimia, Bibersteinia** 3. Which statement is true for the Mannheima and Biebersteinia genus? A. gram + B. small size (0.5-2 micrometer). coccoid rods C. they live in the environment only D. all of the three are true

**B. small size (0.5-2 micrometer). coccoid rods**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Mannheimia, Bibersteinia** 4. Which statement is true for **bibersteinia trehalosi?** A. it is a saprophyte, thus it cannot cause disease either humans and animals B. it causes encephalomyelitis C. it can cause acute systemic pasteurellosis of feedlot lambs D. it can cause the sheep footrot

**C. it can cause acute systemic pasteurellosis of feedlot lambs**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Mannheimia, Bibersteinia** 5. Which statement(s) is/are true for the Mannheimia and Bibersteinia genus? A.Bibersteinia trehalosi differ from Mannheimia haemolytica by it strehalose splitting ability B. Catalase and oxidase negatives C. Mannheimia haemolytica is an alpha-hemolytic strain D. They produce dermonecrotoxin

**A. Bibersteinia trehalosi differ from Mannheimia haemolytica by it strehalose splitting ability**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Mannheimia, Bibersteinia** 6. Which statement(s) is/are true for the mannheimia and bibersteinia genus? A. Gram-negative, small size (3-5um), coccoid B. They can produce beta-hemolysis in blood agar C. They are not fastidious. They can grow on base agar D. Catalase and oxidase negatives

**B. They can produce beta-hemolysis in blood agar**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Mannheimia, Bibersteinia** 7. Which statement(s) is/are true for the Mannheimia haemolytica? A. It can cause mastitis in ruminants B. It can cause lamb septicemia C. It can cause sheep mastitis D. All of them are true

D. All of them are true

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY 8. Which genus CANNOT produce pigment A. Micrococcus B. Mycobacterium C. Aeromonas D. Mannheimia

**D. Mannheimia**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Actinobacillus** 1. Names of actinobacillus species which is/are important in vet field: A. Actinobacillus lignieresil B. Actinobacillus caballi C. Actinobacillus rodentis D. Actinobacillus Ureaplasma

**A. Actinobacillus lignieresil**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Actinobacillus** 2. Name(s) of Actinobacillus species which is/are important in veterinary field? A. Actinobacillusligneresii B. Actinobacillusseminis C. Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae D. All of three are true

**D. All of three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Actinobacillus** 3. Name of the actinobacillus which is important in vet field: A. Actinobacillus rodentis B. actinobacillus caballi C. actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae D. actinobacillus ureaplasma

**C. actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Actinobacillus** 4. Actinobacillus suis A. Beta-haemolytic bacterium B. It can cause sucking piglet septiceamia C. It can cause grower or adult swine septicemia, pneumonia, metritis and arthritis D. All of the three are true

B. It can cause sucking piglet septiceamia

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Haemophilus** 1. Which statement(s) is/are NOT true for Haemophilus genus? A. Small, coccoid rod shape B. Theyarebloodparasitesandtheirnamecamefromit C. They are fastidious and need X and V factor as well D. Obligate pathogens

**D. Obligate pathogens**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY 1. Which genus does NOT demand NAD A. Haemophilus B. Avibacterium C. Actinobacillus D. Histophilus

**D. Histophilus**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Histophilus** 2. Which one is/are true? A. Histophilus somni is a fastidious bacterium B. Histophilus somni do not need either X or V factor C. Histophilus somni needs CO2 during it cultivation D. All of the three are true

**D. All of the three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Avibacterium** 1. Which statements is true for the the avibacterium genus? A. small, coccoid rods B. Gram neg C. it is fastidious bacterium D. all of the three are true

**D. all of the three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Avibacterium** 2. Avibacterium paragallinarum: A. There is a CO2 and V factor demand B. It can cause the infectious coryza of hens C. It is fastidious bacterium D. All of the three are true

D. All of the three are true

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Taylorella** 1. Taylorella equigenitals: A. It lives on horse genital mucous membrane B. It demands CO2, but does not demand either X or V factor C. It causes the contagious equine metritis D. All of the three are true

**D. All of the three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Taylorella** 2. Taylorella equigenitalis A. It causes the contagious equine metritis B. It causes the mare contagious metritis C. It never causes disease, because it is a saprophyte and the part of the normal flora D. None of them

**A. It causes the contagious equine metritis**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Riemerella** 1. Which statement is/are not true for the riemerella anatipestifer? A. It causes the anatipestifer disease of ducks and goose B. It is fastidious, therefor needs blood or chocolate agar and 10% CO2 C. Causing the duck and goose pestis D. It lives only in waterfowls

## Footnote C. Causing the duck and goose pestis ( yersinia causes pestis) D. It lives only in waterfowl ( also lives in turkey, and is not waterfowl .)

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Riemerella** 2. Riemerella anatipestifer A. It is fastidious, therefore needs blood or chocolate agar and 10% CO2 B. Obligate pathogen in hens C. It lives only in hens D. None of them

**A. It is fastidious, therefore needs blood or chocolate agar and 10% CO2**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Riemerella** 3. Riemerella anatipestifer A. It is fastidious, therefore needs blood or chocolate agar and 10% CO2 B. It can produce extracellular enzymes C. It lives only in waterfowls D. All of the three are true

**A. It is fastidious, therefore needs blood or chocolate agar and 10% CO2**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Ornithobacterium**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Ornithobacterium** 2. **Ornithobacterium rhinotraceale** **NOT** true: A. there is no CO2 demand for their cultivation B. obligate aerobe C. it is fastidious D. gram neg

**A. there is NO CO2 demand for their cultivation** **They do demand CO2**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Ornithobacterium** 3. **Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale:** A. It can cause arthritis in hens and turkey B. It can cause respiratory disease in hens and turkeys C. It can cause necrotic myocarditis in hens and turkeys D. All of the three are true

**B. It can cause respiratory disease in hens and turkeys**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Ornithobacterium** 1. Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale A. There is not CO2 demand for their cultivation B. Obligate aerobe C. It is fastidious D. Gram-positive

**C. It is fastidious**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Ornithobacterium** 4. Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale: A. Gram-negative B. There is CO2 demand for their cultivation C. It is fastidious D. All of the three are true

**D. All of the three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Francisella** 1. Which statement is/are true? A. it has not any cross-reaction with brucella and yersinia B. Francisella tularensis subsp. tularensis can split glycerol C. Francisella tularensis can be isolated from mixed sample well with bismuth-sulphite selective agar. D. All of the three are true

**B. Francisella tularensis subsp. tularensis can split glycerol**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Francisella** 2. Which statement(s) is/are true? A. Francisella tularensis is obligate pathogen B. Francisella tularensis causes tularaemia C. Francisella tularensis has been killed by freeze in few minutes D. Francisella tularensis never can infect humans

**B. Francisella tularensis causes tularaemia**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Francisella** 3. Which statement(s) is/are true for the Francisella cultivation A. It can grow on base agar, still 4-celsius degrees as well B. It needs cystein and yeast extract in the agar for its isolation C. Obligate anaerobes D. None of them

**B. It needs cystein and yeast extract in the agar for its isolation**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY 4. Which bacterium demands amino acid (cystine, cysteine) A. trueperella pyogens B. fusobacterium necrophorum C. Haemophilus parasuis D. francisella tularensis

**D. francisella tularensis**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Bordetella** 1. Which statement(s) is/are true for the Bordetella genus? A. Catalase and oxidase positives B. They live on the respiratory mucous membranes C. Obligate aerobes D. All of the three are true

**D. All of the three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Bordetella** 2. Which statement(s) is/are true for the Bordetella genus? A. They are not fastidious B. Producing toxins C. They usually cause diarrhea D. The first two are true

**B. Producing toxins**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Bordetella** 3. Which statement(s) is/are true for biochemical features of Bordetella bronchiseptica? A. It produces dermo necrotoxin B. It produces tracheatoxin C. It produces hemolysin D. All of the three are true

A. It produces dermo necrotoxin

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Bordetella** 4. Bordetella avium causes: A. Glassers(Glässer’s)disease B. Avian bordetellosis(turkey coryza) C. Swine atrophic rhinitis D. None of them

**B. Avian bordetellosis(turkey coryza)**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Bordetella** 5. **Bordetella bronchiseptica** can cause: A. Swine atrophic rhinitis B. Dog kennel cough C. Pneumonia in cats and rabbits D. All of the three are true

**D. All of the three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Bordetella** 6. Name(s) of main Bordetella species: A. Bordetella avium B. Bordetella pleuropneumoniae C. Bordetella multocida D. None of them

**A. Bordetella avium**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Moraxella** 1. Names of moraxella species which is/are important in vet field A. Moraxella Bovis B. Moraxella equi C. Moraxella canis D. all of the three are true

**A. Moraxella bovis**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Moraxella** 2. Which statement is true? A. Moraxella species are obligate anaerobes B. Moraxella species have capsules C. Moraxella species are not fastidious D. all of the three are true

**B. Moraxella species have capsules**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Moraxella** 3. Which is true for Moraxella ovis? A. it can cause kerato-conjunctivitis of sheep and goats B. it causes sheep footrot C. it causes sheep maedi and visna disease D. all of the three are true

**A. it can cause kerato-conjunctivitis of sheep and goats**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Moraxella** 4. Which statement(s) is/are true? A. Moraxella bovis is not fastidious bacterium B. Shape of moraxella bovis is rods in pairs C. Moraxella bovis is a alpha-haemolytic bacterium D. All of the three are true

**B. Shape of moraxella bovis is rods in pairs**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Moraxella** 5. Name(s) of Moraxella species which is/are important in veterinary field? A. Moraxella bovis B. Moraxella equi C. Moraxella canis D. All of the three are true

**A. Moraxella bovis**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Moraxella** 6. Which statement(s) is/are true for the Moraxella ovis? A. It causes kerato-conjuncitivtis of sheep and goats B. It causes sheep foot rot C. It causes sheep maedi and visna disease D. All the three are true

**A. It causes kerato-conjuncitivtis of sheep and goats**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Brucella** 1. Which statement is/are true for brucella species? A. Facultative intracellular bacterium B. they can survive inside macrophages C. they are sensitive for acidic ph, thus they cannot survive fermented dairy products D. All of them are true

**D. All of them are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Brucella** 2. Which statements is/are true? A. Brucella species cannot infect rodents B. Brucella species infect only farm animals C. Aquatic mammals also can be infected by some brucella species D. None of them

**C. Aquatic mammals also can be infected by some brucella species**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Brucella** 3. Which statement(s) is/are true? A. Brucella species are small, coccoid rods B. Brucella species live mainly in infected host C. Special staining methods for Brucella species is Köster staining D. All of the three are true

**D. All of the three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Brucella** 4. Which species/biotypes can grow in R colony? A. brucella melitensis B. Brucella canis C. Brucella suis D. All of the three are true

**D. All of the three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Brucella** 5. Brucella suis can infect? A. Pigs B. Rabbits C. Reindeer D. All of the three are true

**D. All of the three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Brucella** 6. Which species/biotypes can grow in S colony? A. brucella melitensis B. brucella canis C. brucella ovia D. all are true

**A. brucella melitensis**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Brucella** 7. Which statement(s) is/are true? A. Brucella species are obligate anaerobe B. Brucella species can produce hemolysis C. Brucella species are not fastidious, they can grow on agar as well D. Some Brucella species/biotypes grow in S, other grow in R type of colonies

## Footnote **D. Some Brucella species/biotypes grow in S, other grow in R type of colonies**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Brucella** 8. Brucella suis can infect: A. Pigs B. Rabbits C. Reindeer D. All of the three are true

**D. All of the three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Brucella** 9. Which species/biotypes can grow in S colony? A. Brucella melitensis B. Brucella abortus C. Brucella suis D. All of the three are true

**D. All of the three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Brucella** 10. Which statement(s) is/are true? A. Brucella canis infect dogs B. Brucella ovis infects sheep C. Brucella melitensis infects goat, sheep and cattle beside human D. All of the three are true

**D. All of the three are true *Brucella melitensis doesnt infect cattle?! but the other two are correct, B.ovis also infects goats though***

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Brucella** 11. Which statement(s) is/are true? A. Brucella melitensis infects goat, sheep and cattle beside humans B. Brucella suis infects only pigs C. Brucella abortus can infect humans as well D. None of them

**C. Brucella abortus can infect humans as well**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Brucella** 12. Which species/biotypes can grown in R colonies A. Brucella ovis B. Brucella canis C. Brucella abortus D. The first two are true

D. The first two are true

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Burkholderia** 1. Which statement is true? A. brukholderia mallei is dangerous for humans as well B. brukholderi pseudomallei is dangerous for humans as well C. both D. neither

**C. both**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Burkholderia** 2. Which statement(s) is/are true? A. Burkholderia pseudomallei can produce pigments B. Burkholderia mallei is dangerous for humans as well C. Burkholderia pseudomallei is dangerous for humans as well D. All of the three are true

**D. All of the three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Burkholderia** 3. Which statement is true? A. burkholderia pseudomallei lives in soil, water and on plants surface B. burkholderia genus contain gram - bacteria C. burkholderia mallei usually live on horse mucous membrane D. all of the three are true

**B. burkholderia genus contain gram - bacteria**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Burkholderia** 4. Which statement(s) is/are true? A.Burkholderia pseudomallei lives in the soil, water and on plants surface B. Burkholderia genus contains gram negative bacteria C. Burkholderia mallei usually lives on the horse mucous membrane D. All of the above are true

B. Burkholderia genus contains gram negative bacteria

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Burkholderia** 5. Which diseases can Burkholderia mallei cause? A. Melioidosis B. Malleus/Glanders C. Equine infectious anemia D. None of them

**B. Malleus/Glanders**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Burkholderia** 6. Which disease(s) Burkholderi pseudomallei can cause? A. Melloidosis B. West-nilefever C. Malleus/Glanders D. All of the three are true

**A. Melloidosis**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Pseudomonas, Aeromonas, Vibrio** 1. Which statement(s) is/are true for pseudomonas aeruginosa? A. It is saprophyte B. It usually causes local suppuration C. It cannot infect humans or very rarely D. All of the three are true

B. It usually causes local suppuration

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Pseudomonas, Aeromonas, Vibrio** 2. Which statement(s) is/are true for Pseudomonas species? A. Wide distribution (animals, environment, water, plants, etc.) B. Gram-positive, rod shape bacteria C. They are fastidious bacteria D. All of the three are true

**A. Wide distribution (animals, environment, water, plants, etc.)**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Pseudomonas, Aeromonas, Vibrio** 3. Name(s) of pseudomonas species which is/are important in veterinary field? A. Pseudomonas aeruginosa B. Pseudomonas anguilliseptica C. Both of them D. None of them

**C. Both of them**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Pseudomonas, Aeromonas, Vibrio** 4. Name(s) of Aeromonas species which is/are important in veterinary field: A. Aeromonas Salmonicida B. Aeromonas hydrophila C. Both of them D. None of them

**C. Both of them**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Pseudomonas, Aeromonas, Vibrio** 5. Which statement(s) is/are true for Aeromonas species? A. Wide distribution B. They are not fastidious C. Facultative pathogens D. All of the three are true

C. Facultative pathogens

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Pseudomonas, Aeromonas, Vibrio** 6. Which statement(s) is/are true for the Aeromonas salmonicida? A. It produces brown pigment B. Its optimal cultivation temperature is 20C C. It is fish pathogen D. All of the three are true

**D. All of the three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Pseudomonas, Aeromonas, Vibrio** 7. Which statement(s) is/are true for Vibrio species? A. They have flagella and have curved rod shape B. Gram-positive C. They are fastidious D. All of the three are true

**A. They have flagella and have curved rod shape**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Pseudomonas, Aeromonas, Vibrio** 8. Which statement(s) is/are true for Vibrio species? A. There are obligate pathogenic species B. There are facultative pathogenic species C. There are saprophytic species D. All of the three are true

**D. All of the three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Lawsonia** 1. Name of lawsonia species which is/are important in vet field A. Lawsonia multocida B. Lawsonia extracellularis C. lawsonia aeruginosa D. None of them

**D. None of them**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Lawsonia** 2. Name(s) of Lawsonia species which is/are important in veterinary field: A. Lawsonia epidemicus B. Lawsonia extracellularis C. Lawsonia intracellularis D. Lawsonia pachydermatis

**C. Lawsonia intracellularis**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Lawsonia** 3. Name of lawsonia species which is/are important in veterinary field A. Lawsonia multocida B. Lawsonia intracellularis C. Lawsonia aeruginosa D. All of the three are true

**B. Lawsonia intracellularis**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Lawsonia** 4. Lawsonia intracellularis causes: A. Glasser/Glässer disease B. Swine proliferative enteropathies C. Fowl Cholera D. Swine pestis

**B. Swine proliferative enteropathies**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Lawsonia** 5. Which statement(s) is.are true? A. Lawsonia intracellularis is an obligate intracellular bacterium B. Lawsonia intracellularis causes swine necrotic enteritis C. Lawsonia intracellularis can grow easily on blood agar D. All of the three are true

**A. Lawsonia intracellularis is an obligate intracellular bacterium**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Campylobacter** 1. Campylobacter jejuni/coli causes; A. Cat scratch disease B. Sheep and goat abortion, mastitis C. Swine proliferative enteropathy D. Poultry necrotic enteritis

**B. Sheep and goat abortion, mastitis**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Campylobacter** 2. Which one(s) is/are catalase positive and facultative pathogen Campylobacter? A. Campylobacter intracellularis B. Campylobacter fetus subsp. Fetus C. Both of them D. None of them

**B. Campylobacter fetus subsp. Fetus**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Campylobacter** 3. Which statement(s) is/are true for campylobacter species? A. They are micro aerophiles B. Obligate aerobs C. Obligate anaerobs D. Facultative anaerobs

**A. They are micro aerophiles**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Helicobacter** 1. Helicobacter species, which can cause **disease in human?** A. helicobacter sylvestris B. helicobacter pylori C. helicobacter hominis D. helicobacter ovis

**B. helicobacter pylori**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Helicobacter** 2. Which statement(s) is/are true for Helicobacter species? A. Facultative anaerobes B. Microaerophilic C. Obligate anaerobs D. All of the three are true

B. **Microaerophilic**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Helicobacter** 3. Which statement(s) is/are true? A. Helicobacter canis causes the dog hemorrhagic enteritis B. Helicobacter pylori causes the poultry helicopter disease C. Helicobacter suis causes the swine atrophic rhinitis D. None of them

**D. None of them**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Helicobacter** 4. Which statement(s) is/are true? A. Helicobacter pylori produce cytotoxin B. Helicoacter pylori cause human chronic gastritis and gastric/duodenal ulcer C. Helicobacter species can split carbamide/urea and this ability helps for their survival in the acidic gastric environment D. All of the three are true

**D. All of the three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Arcobacter** 1. Which disease cannot archobacter cryaerophilus cause? A. Cattle mastitis B. Cattle infectious rhino tracheitis C. Swine abortion D. Cattle abortion

**B. Cattle infectious rhino tracheitis**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Treponema** 1. Which statements are true for treponema species? A. wide distrubution B. pathogenic species cannot be cultivated C. they can be cultivated easily in vitro D. 10 micrometer, rod shaped bacteria

**B. pathogenic species cannot be cultivated**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Treponema** 2. Main habitat of treponema species? A. wide distribution B. environment C. arthropods/insects D. they live only on mucous membranes of infected animals and human

**D. they live only on mucous membranes of infected animals and human**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Treponema** 3. Which statement(s) is/are true for Treponema species? A. Treponema pallidum causes human syphilis B. Treponema parvum causes human syphilis C. Treponema paraluiscuniculi causes human syphilis D. Treponema denticola causes human syphilis

**A. Treponema pallidum causes human syphilis**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Spirochetes** 1. Main habitat if spirochaetes is/are? A. mucous membrane B. arthropods/insect C. environment D. all of the three are true

**D. all of the three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Spirochetes** 2. Which genera do not belong to Spirochaetes? A. Brachyspira B. Rickettsia C. Leptospira D. Treponema

**B. Rickettsia**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Borrelia** 1. **Borrelia anserina** causes: A. fowl cholera B. Swine pesitis C. Avain-borreliosis D. Lyme-borreliosis

**C. Avain-borreliosis**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Borrelia** 2. Which statements are true for borrelia species? A. difficult to culture them , someones are unfeasible to cultivate B. they do not have cell wall C. they are small, coccus shape bacteria D. None of them

**A. difficult to culture them , someones are unfeasible to cultivate**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Borrelia** 3. Lyme-borreliosis is caused by A. Borrelia burgdorferi B. Borrelia afzelii C. Borrelia garinii D. All of the three are true

D. All of the three are true

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Borrelia** 4. Which statement is/are true for borrelia species? A. they can be cultivated on blood agar with 10% CO2 B. usually arthropods spread them C. they cannot infect birds D. they are not dangerous for human

**B. usually arthropods spread them**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Borrelia** 5. Human tick-born relapsing fever is caused by... A. Borrelia recurrentis B. Borrelia hispanica C. Borrelia caucasica D. All of the three are true

**D. All of the three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Borrelia** 6. Main habitat(s) of Borrelia species? A. Infected animals B. Arthropods C. Both of them D. None of them

**C. Both of them**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Brachyspira** 1. Which statements is/are true for brachyspira species? A. saprophytes, apathogenic species B. obligate anaerobs C. they cannot move D. none of them

**B. obligate anaerobs**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Brachyspira** 2. Which genus(es) can belong to the Spirochaetes? A. Rickettsia B. Mycoplasma C. Brachyspira D. Pasteurella

**C. Brachyspira**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Brachyspira** 3. Which statement(s) is/are true for **Brachyspira hyodysenteriae?** A. It causes swine proliferative enteropathy B. It causes swine dysentery C. Causes poultry spirochaetosis D. None of them

**B. It causes swine dysentery**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Leptospira** 1. Which statements is/are true for leptospira species? A. They have high resistance, thus they can survive for long time in the environment B. Aerobe spore forming bacteria C. They do not have cytoplasmic membrane D. They are helical rod shape with very close windings

**D. They are helical rod shape with very close windings**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Leptospira** 2. Which statements is/are true for leptospira species? A. they cannot move B. they do not have cell wall C. Helical rod shape bacteria with hook at the end of the cell D. all of the three are true

**C. Helical rod shape bacteria with hook at the end of the cell**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Leptospira** 3. Which symptoms can Leptospira species cause? A. Haemoglobiuria B. Uremia C. Abortion D. All of the three are true

**D. All of the three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Leptospira** 4. What kind of symptoms can Leptospira species cause? A. Enteritis B. Abortion C. Encephalitis D. None of them

**B. Abortion**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Leptospira** 5. Which statement is true for leptospira species? A. pathogenic leptospira species live in infected animals B. saprophytic leptospira species are live in infected animals C. both D. none

C. both

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Leptospira** 6. Which leptospira species can cause disease in swine? A. Leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae B. Leptospira pomona C. Both of them D. None of them

**B. Leptospira pomona**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Leptospira** 7. Which of the statement(s) is/are true for Leptospira species? A. We cannot see the curves of the cell under a light microscope B. They cannot be stained with special staining methods C. They cannot be cultivated D. None of them

B. They cannot be stained with special staining methods

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Leptospira** 8. Which statement(s) is/are true for **Leptospira ictero haemorrhagiae?** A. Its incidental (secondary) hosts are small ruminants B. Its maintenance (main) hosts are rats C. Its incidental (secondary) hosts are small rodents D. Its maintenance (main) hosts are guinea-pigs

**B. Its maintenance (main) hosts are rats**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Leptospira** 9. Which statement(s) is/are true for **Leptospira pomona?** A. Its maintenance(main) hosts are pigs B. Its maintenance(main) hosts are rats C. Its incidental(secondary) host are cats D. None of them

**A. Its maintenance(main) hosts are pigs**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Leptospira** 10. Which leptospira species can cause disease in horse? A. Leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae B. Leptospira pomona C. Leptospira canicola D. None of them. Horse is not sensitive for leptospira species

**A. Leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Leptospira** 11. Which statement(s) is/are true for Leptospira species A. They have easy cultivation, because they are not fastidious ones B. They demand free fatty acids, inorganic nitrogen for their cultivation C. Obligate anaerobes D. None of them

**B. They demand free fatty acids, inorganic nitrogen for their cultivation**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Chlamydia** 1. Which statement is/are true for chlamydia species? A. They have only RNA as nucleic acid B. They live on mucous membranes C. Obligate aerobs D. They can be cultivated easily in vitro

**B. They live on mucous membranes**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Chlamydia** 2. Which statements is/true for chlamydia species? A. they do not have cell wall B. Obligate intracellular bacteria C. they have only RNA as nucleic acid D. None of them

**B. Obligate intracellular bacteria**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Chlamydia** 3. Which statements is true for **chlamydia psittaci?** A. It causes psittacosis B. it causes ornithosis C. both of them D. none of them

**C. both of them**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Chlamydia** 4. Which one(s) is/are the cycle(s) of chlamydia propagation A. Elementary body B. Reticulate body C. Both of them D. None of them

**C. Both of them**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Chlamydia** 6. Which statement is true for chlamydia trachomatis? A. it can cause diarrhea in humans B. this is very frequent agent in conjuctivitis C. it can cause lymphogranuloma in humans D. none of them

**C. it can cause lymphogranuloma in humans**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Chlamydia** 7. Which one(s) is/are the cycle(s) of chlamydia propagation A. filament B. coccus C. rods D. elementary body

**D. elementary body**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Chlamydia** 8. Which statement is true for chlamydia trachomatis? A. it cause chronic purulent conjunctivitis in humans B. it can cause abortion in humans C. it can cause diarrhea in humans D. this is very frequent agent in cat conjunctivitis

**A. it cause chronic purulent conjunctivitis in humans**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Chlamydia** 9. Which statement(s) is/are true for **chlamydia psittaci?** A. It causes conjunctivitis, diarrhoea and respiratory infection in birds B. It causes occupational disease(pigeon-keepers, slaughterhouse workers,zoo-workers). C. It causes influenza-like symptoms and pneumonia in humans D. All of the three are true

**D. All of the three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Chlamydia** 10. Which one(s) is/are a chlamydia species? A. Chlamydiacanis B. Chlamydia psittaci C. Chlamydia intracellularis D. None of them

**B. Chlamydia psittaci**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Chlamydia** 11. Which statement(s) is/are true for Chlamydia species? A. They have cell wall B. They have susceptibility to antibiotics C. Both of the nucleic acids (DNA, RNA) are in the Chlamydia species D. All of the three are true

**D. All of the three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Chlamydia** 12. Which statement(s) is/are true for chlamydia species? A. They are closer to virus than to bacteria B. They do not have cellwall C. Energy parasites, obligate intracellular bacteria D. They replicate as viruses

C. Energy parasites, obligate intracellular bacteria

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Chlamydia** 13. Human pathogen chlamydia species is/are... A. Chlamydia psittaci B. Chlamydia pneumoniae C. Chlamydia trachomatis D. All of the three are true

**D. All of the three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Chlamydia** **14.** Which statement(s) is/are true for chlamydia species? A. They have susceptibility to antibiotics B. Obligate intracellular bacteria C. Unable to produce ATP D. All of the three are true

**D. All of the three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Chlamydia** 15. Which statement(s) is/are true for Chlamydia species? A. They do not have special staining method B. They cannot be stained by Gram C. Their special staining method is Stamp staining D. Their special staining method is Ziehl-Neelsen staining

**C. Their special staining method is Stamp staining**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY 1. Which one(s) can cause the Potomac horse fever A. Neorickettsia risticii B. Burkholderia pseudomallei C. Ehrlichia ruminatium D. Ehrlichia canis

**A. Neorickettsia risticii**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOILOGY **Rickettsia, Rickettsiales** 2. Which one is spread by ticks? A. Rickettsia rickettsia B. Rickettsia Sibririca C. Rickettsia Conorii D. All of the three are true

**D. All of the three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Rickettsia, Rickettsiales** 3. Which one is spread by louse? A. Rickettsia prowazekii B. Rickettsia rickettsii C. Rickettsia Sibririca D. Rickettsia conorii

**A. Rickettsia prowazekii**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Rickettsia, Rickettsiales** 4. Which one are belonging to rickettsia genus? A. rickettsia prowazekii B. rickettsia rickettsii C. rickettsia sibirica D. all of the three are true

**D. all of the three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Rickettsia, Rickettsiales** 5. Which statement(s) is/are true for Rickettsia species? A. Obligate cell parasites B. Obligate aerobs C. Obligate pathogens D. Obligate anaerobs

**A. Obligate cell parasites**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Rickettsia, Rickettsiales** 6. Which statement(s) is/are true for Rickettsia species? A. They can live in arthropods as well B. Obligate cell parasites C. They can live in small mammals D. All of the three are true

**D. All of the three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Rickettsia, Rickettsiales** 7. Which statement(s) is/are true A. Rickettsia prowazekii causes epidemic typhus fever in humans B. Rickettsia rickettsii causes the Rocky Mountain spotted fever C. Both of them D. None of them

**C. Both of them**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Rickettsia, Rickettsiales** 8. Which one(s) is/are belonging to the Rickettsia genus? A. Rickettsia prowazekii B. Rickettsiarickettsii C. Rickettsia sibirica D. All of the three are true

**D. All of the three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Coxiella** 1. Which statement is/are true for Coxiella burnetii? A. They can cultured easily in vitro B. Weak resistance D. It needs vector D. They can be cultured only in live cells

**A. They can cultured easily in vitro**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY 2. Which one cause Q-fever? A. anaplasma marginale B. rickettsia sibririca C. coxiella burnetti D. none of them

**C. coxiella burnetti**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Coxiella** 3. Which statement is/are true for rickettsia species? A. They can live in arthropods as well B. obligate cell parasites C. they can live in small mammals D. all of the three are true

**D. all of the three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY 4. Which one(s) cause(s) Q-fever? A. Anaplasma marginale B. Rickettsia sibirica C. Coxiella burnetii D. None of them

**C. Coxiella burnetii**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Coxiella** 5. Which statement(s) is.are true for the Coxiella burnetii? A. It cannot infect humans B. Very good resistance. (still in dust as well - 50 days) C. Small rodents spread it D. None of them

**B. Very good resistance. (still in dust as well - 50 days)**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY 1. Which one is/are **cat scratch disease** caused by? A. Pasturella multocida B. Staphylococcus aureus C. Bartonella henselae D. none of them

**C. Bartonella henselae**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Bartonella** 2. Bartonella henselae causes A. anthrax B. cat chronic conjunctivitis C. Cat scratch disease D. Black leg

**C. Cat scratch disease**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Bartonella** 3. Name of important Bartonella species? A. Bartonella henselae B. Bartonella ruminantium C. Bartonella felis D. All of the three are true

**A. Bartonella henselae**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Ehrlichia** 1. Which one is/are true for the ehrlichia genus? A. they are fastidious and can be cultivated only on chocolate agar B. they can be cultured in embryonated eggs C. they can be cultivated in live cells D. they naver can be cultured in artifical medium

**C. they can be cultivated in live cells**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY 2. Which one(s) can cause the canine monocytic ehrlichiois? A. Ehrlichia ruminatium B. Ehrilichia canis C. Rickettsia rickettsii D. Neorickettsia risticii

**B. Ehrilichia canis**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Anaplasma** 1. Which ones(s) can cause the sheep and goat anaplasmosis? A. Anaplasma phagocytophilum B. Anaplasma ovis C. Anaplasma marginale D. All of three are true

**B. Anaplasma ovis**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Anaplasma** 2. Which one(s) is/are true for the anaplasma ovis? A. It causes sheep and goat anaplasmosis B. It can cause infection in Europe as well C. In infects red blood cells D. All of the three are true

**A. It causes sheep and goat anaplasmosis**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Anaplasma** 3. Which one(s) is/are true for the Anaplasma genus? A. They do not have cell wall B. They cannot be cultured in vitro C. Both of them D. None of them

**C. Both of them**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Mycoplasmas** 1. Which one can cause the contagious bovine pleuropneumonia? A. mycoplasma dispar B. Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae C. Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides D. Mycoplasma bovis

**C. Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Mycoplasmas** 2. Which mycoplasma species can infect cattle A. Mycoplasma bovoculi B. Mycoplasma mycoides subsp.Mycoides C. Mycoplasma dispar D. All of three are true

**D. All of three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Mycoplasmas** 3. Which one(s) can be poultry infecting Mycoplasma species? A. Mycoplasma ana**tis** B. Mycoplasma ane**ris** C. Mycoplasma synoviae D. All of the three are true

**D. All of the three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Mycoplasmas** 4. It can cause air sacculitis in poultry A. Mycoplasma meleagridis B. Mycoplasma hyosynoviae C. Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae D. None of them

**A. Mycoplasma meleagridis**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Mycoplasmas** 5. Which one can be dog and cat infecting mycoplasma species? A. mycoplasma felis B. mycoplasma haemofelis C. mycoplasma haemocanis D. all of the three

**D. all of the three**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Mycoplasmas** 6. Which kind of disease can mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae cause? A. contagious caprine pleuropneumonia B. contagious bovine anaemia C. swine enzootic pneumonia D. sheep and goat contagious agalactia

**A. contagious caprine pleuropneumonia**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Mycoplasmas** 7. Which one(s) can cause the contagious caprine pleuropneumonia A. Mycoplasmacapricolumsubsp.Capricolum B. Mycoplasmacapricolumsubsp.Capripneumoniae C. Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae D. Mycoplasma mycoides subs. mycoides

**B. Mycoplasmacapricolumsubsp.Capripneumoniae**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Mycoplasmas** 8. Which one(s) can cause sheep kerato-conjunctivitis A. Mycoplasma oculi B. Mycoplasma conjuntivae C. Mycoplasma keratoconjunctivitid D. Mycoplasma gallisepticum

**B. Mycoplasma conjuntivae**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Mycoplasmas** 9. Which one(s) can be sheep and goat infecting Mycoplasma species? A. M.capricolumspp.Capricolum B. M.agalactiae C. M. conjunctivae D. All of the above

**D. All of the above**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Mycoplasmas** 10. Which one(s) can be swine infecting mycoplasma species A. Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae B. Mycoplasma hyorhinis C. Mycoplasma hyosynoviae D. All of the three are true

**D. All of the three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Mycoplasmas** 11. Which one(s) can cause the contagious bovine pleuropneumonia? A. Mycoplasmabovis B. Mycoplasmamycoidessubsp.Mycoides C. Mycoplasma ruminantium D. Mycoplasma pneumoniae

**B. Mycoplasmamycoidessubsp.Mycoides**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Mycoplasmas** 12. It can cause **arthritis in poultry** A. Mycoplasma hysynoviae B. Mycoplasma hyorhinis C. Mycoplasma gallisepticum D. Mycoplasma synoviae

**D. Mycoplasma synoviae**

SPECIAL BACTERIOLOGY 1. Mycology is working with A. Virus B. Fungi C. Bacteria D. Parasites

**B. Fungi**

SPECIAL BACTERIOLOGY **Fungi** 2. Which statement is true about fungi? A. Eukaryotes, heterotrophes B. Eukaryotes, autotrophes C. Prokaryotes, heterotrophes D. Prokaryotes, autotrophes

**A. Eukaryotes, heterotrophes**

SPECIAL BACTERIOLOGY **Fungi** 3. What kind of disease can facultative pathogen fungi cause? A. Hypersensitivity reaction (allergy) B. Mycosis C. Mycotoxicosis D. All of the three are true

**D. All of the three are true**

SPECIAL BACTERIOLOGY **Fungi** 4. Which one(s) is/are true for the Fungi? A. Usually they need weeks for their cultivation B. They are heterotrophic C. Sabouraud agar is a good medium in fungi cultivation D. All three are true

**D. All three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Fungi** 5. Which one(s) is/are true for the Fungi? A. Sexual and asexual spore formation B. Aerob spore forming bacteria C. They can produce zoospores D. They cannot produce spores

**A. Sexual and asexual spore formation**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Fungi** 6. Groups of fungi by their morphology.. A. Dimorphic fungi B. Fungi with helical rod shape C. Coccus shape fungi D. Fungi with segmentated hypha

**D. Fungi with segmentated hypha**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Fungi** 7. Which one is/are true for the fungi A. Moulds produce colonies on the agar surface B. Yeasts produce mycelium on the agar surface C. Moulds produce mycelium on the agar surface D. None of them

**C. Moulds produce mycelium on the agar surface**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Fungi** 8. Which statements is true? A. Fungi live only on the skin or mucous membranes, never can cause systemic diseases B. fungi kingdom contain 5 phyla by their phylogenetic classification C. name of fungi always contain the name of infected animals in latin D. none

**B. fungi kingdom contain 5 phyla by their phylogenetic classification**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Fungi** 9. How do Rhizobium species transform nitrogen? A. N2-\> NH3-\> amino acids -\> proteins B. N2\>NO2\>NO3 C. NH3\>N02\>NO3 D. NH3\>N2

**A. N2-\> NH3-\> amino acids -\> proteins**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Fungi** 10. What can fungi produce? A. Antibiotics B. Mycotoxins C. Extracellular enzymes D. All of the three are true

**D. All of the three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Fungi** 11. Which statement is true for fungi? A. mycology is working with fungi B. there are more than 2 million existing species C. less than 400 have vet improtance D. all of the three are true

**D. all of the three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Fungi** 12. Which one is true for fungi? A. they cannot be stained with gram B. PAS staining is good for fungi on histology section C. simple potassium-hydroxid staining is good for fungi D. all of the three are true

**B. PAS staining is good for fungi on histology section**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Fungi** 13. What is the optimal temperature in the case of culturing moulds? A. 18C B. 25C C. 37C D. 42C

**B. 25C**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Fungi** 14. Groups of fungi by their morphology A. Dimorphic fungi B. Yeats C. Moulds D. All of the three are true

**D. All of the three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Fungi** 15. What against have the fungi good resistance? A. Drying B. Low pH C. High osmotic pressure D. All of them

**D. All of them**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Fungi** 16. What is the incubation time of moulds? A. 2-4days B. 1week C. 1-2 weeks D. 1-4 weeks

**D. 1-4 weeks**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Fungi** 17. Which one(s) is/are true for the moulds? A. There is not such a group inside the kingdom of fungi B. They produce branching filaments C. They produce oval cells D. They produce microconidia

B. They produce branching filaments

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Fungi** 18. What is the result of the Gram staining, if we stain Fungi? A. Gram-positive B. Gram-negative C. Changeable, not reliable result D. Fungi cannot be stained by Gram staining, they remain colonies

**A. Gram-positive**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Dermatophytons** 1. Which one is/are true for the dermatophytes? A. They cannot produce spores B. they contain some obligate pathogens C. They usually infect the animals horns, hoof and claws D. None of them

**B. they contain some obligate pathogens**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Dermatophytons** 2. Which one(s) is/are true for the Dermatophytes? A. It causes characteristic circular skin lesion stered“ringworm” B. Obligateaerobes C. They have affinity to keratinized structures D. All of the three are true

**D. All of the three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Penicillium** 1. What results resistance against penicillins A. Enzymatic drug inactivation B. Modification of binding sites C. Decreased intracellularly accumulation D. Alteration in metabolism

**B. Modification of binding sites**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Penicillium** 2. What are the **adverse effects of penicillins** A. ototoxic, nephrotoxic B. neurotoxic C. carcinogenic D. hypersensitivity reaction (anaphylaxis)

**D. hypersensitivity reaction (anaphylaxis)**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Aspergillus** 1. Which statements is/are true? A. Aspergillus fumigatus can produce aflatoxin B. Aspergillus fumigatus causes lung mycosis in poultry C. Aspergillus flavus can produce ochratoxin D. All of the three are true

**B. Aspergillus fumigatus causes lung mycosis in poultry**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Aspergillus** 2. Which one is true for aspergillus species? A. they cannot produce mycotoxins B. They are respiratory pathogens which is acquired by inhalation by spores C. They cannot produce pigments D. they produce colonies on agar surface

B. They are respiratory pathogens which is acquired by inhalation by spores

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Fusarium** 1. Which one(s) can produce F2 mycotoxin? A. Aspergillus species B. Penicillium species C. Fusarium species D. All of the three are true

**C. Fusarium species**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY 2. Which one(s) can produce fumonizin mycotoxin? A. Aspergilius species B. Penicillium species C. Fusarium moniliforme D. All of the three are true

**C. Fusarium moniliforme**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Stachybotrys** 1. Which one/s) is /are true for the **Stachybotrys atra?** A. They can split cellulose and use for their growing B. It can produce stachybotryotoxin C. It grows as black mould on the agar surface D. All of the three are true

**D. All of the three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Imperfect Yeasts** 1. Which one is true for malassezia pachydermatis? A. it is a yeast B. it has bottles-shape cells C. It can cause dog otitis externa D. all of the three are true

**D. all of the three are true**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Imperfect Yeasts** 2. Which one(s) is/are yeast? A. Malassezia pachydermatis B. Malassezia gallisepticum C. Pasteurella multocida D. Dichelobacter nodosus

**A. Malassezia pachydermatis**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Imperfect Yeasts** 3. Incubation time of yeast? A. 1day B. 1-4days C. 1 week D. 1-4 weeks

**D. 1-4 weeks** ## Footnote B. 1-4days?

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Imperfect Yeasts** 4. Which one(s) is/are true for the yeasts? A. They produce branching filaments B. They produce macroconidia C. This is a group of fungi which reproduce them self sexually D. They produce oval cells

C. This is a group of fungi which reproduce them self sexually

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Imperfect Yeasts** 5. Which one(s) is/are yeast? A. Histophilus somni B. Rhodococcus equi C. Candida albicans D. None of them

**C. Candida albicans**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Imperfect Yeasts** 6. Which one is yeast? A. candida albicans B. malassezia pachydermatis C. cryptococcus neoformans D. all of the three

**D. all of the three**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Imperfect Yeasts** 7. Which one(s) can infect humans as well? A. Trichophyton mentagrophytes B. Trichophyton verrucosum C. Microsporum gyseum D. All of the above

**D. All of the above**

SPECIFIC BACTERIOLOGY **Dimorphic Fungi** 1. Which one is/are belonging to the dimorphic fungi? A. Histoplasma genus B. coccidiosis genus C. Blastomyces genus D. all of the three are true

**D. all of the three are true**

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