Mr. Van Voorhees Flashcards
(102 cards)
0
Q
What is authority?
A
To have control over someone to a point.
1
Q
What is power?
A
To have control over something
2
Q
Christopher Clubus
A
Landed in Bahamas and sailed ocean blue on 1492
3
Q
John Cabot
A
English sailor trying to find northwest passage to china.
4
Q
Stamp act
A
The 1765 British decree taxing all legal papers issued in the colonies.
5
Q
King George the 111
A
He created the proclamation line (Appalachian mountains) that limited colonists expansion in North America. He enforced many tax laws on the colonists who thought it unfair without representation in parliament. Thus tension started the American revolution.
6
Q
Articles of confederation
A
The plan ratified by the states in 1771 that established a national congress with limited powers (it couldn’t tax and raise $$$) it was replaced by the constitution in 1787
7
Q
Legislative branch
A
Concerning the branch of government (congress) that makes laws. Congress is made up of the senate and the House of Representatives.
8
Q
Parliament
A
The assembly of representatives who make laws in England.
9
Q
Boycott
A
A refusal to buy
10
Q
American revolution
A
1775-1783 8 year war between the 13 colonies and England.
11
Q
Acquit
A
To declare innocent of a crime or wrong doing.
12
Q
Boston tea party
A
The 1773 protest against British trade policies
13
Q
Executive branch
A
Concerning the branch of government president and vice president that enforces laws.
14
Q
Judicial branch
A
Concerning the branch of government (Supreme Court/federal courts) that interprets laws and punishes lawbreakers
15
Q
Boston massucure
A
The clash in 1770 between British troops and a group of Bostonians in which five colonists were killed.
16
Q
Amendment 1
A
Freedom of religion speech press assembly and petition (2791)
17
Q
Amendment 2
A
Right to bear arms (1792)
18
Q
Amendment 3
A
Quartering of a solider
19
Q
Amendment 4
A
Search and seized. The right of people to be secure in there persons homes papers and office
20
Q
Declaration of Independence
A
The document adopted by the continual congress on July 4 1776
21
Q
Treaty of Paris
A
The treaty ending revolutionary war
22
Q
Issue
A
Not an event is on going has long term effects is something we can do something about
23
Q
Uprising
A
An act or instance of rising up. Rebillion
24
Roanoke
Site of first English colony in the americansstarted in 1585
25
Constltutlion
Our current framework go government
26
Colony
A settlement ruled by a distant parent country
27
Bill of rights
The first ten amendments to the constitution
28
Frontier line
The land between civilization and wilderness
29
Northwest territory
The land north of the ohio river and was created into 5 states.
30
Amendment 6:
Right to a public and speedy trial by an impartial jury
31
Amendment 7
Right to trial by a jury in civil cases.
32
Amendment 8
Prohibits imposing cruel, unusual punishments and fines, prohibits granting excessive bails.
33
Amendment 9
Assures the recognition of those rights that people may have but are not listed here.
34
Amendment 10
Provides that the powers that are not given to the United States nor prohibited by the constitution are reserved to the states respectively or to the people.
35
Constitutional Convention-
The meeting of state delegates in Philadelphia in 1787 that resulted in the writing of the Constitution.
36
New Jersey Plan
a plan, unsuccessfully proposed at the Constitutional Convention, providing for a single legislative house with equal representation for each state.
37
Virginia Plan
a plan, unsuccessfully proposed at the Constitutional Convention, providing for a legislature of two houses with proportional representation in each house and executive and judicial branches to be chosen by the legislature.
38
Federalist
A person who favored the plan of government created by the Constitution.
39
Anti-Federalist
A person who opposed ratification of the Constitution.
40
Frontier Line
The land between civilization and wilderness.
41
Northwest Territory
The land north of the Ohio River & was created into 5 states.
42
Surveyed
To measure land to determine the exact boundaries of a given area. Used for townships
43
Northwest Ordinance
The 1787 law that set forth a plan of government for the townships 36 sq miles at one dollar an acre in the Northwest Territory. Created by Thomas Jefferson. The law banned slavery, gave freedom of religion and trial by jury. 60,000 citizens in territory to apply for statehood.
44
Republicanism
For the country to thrive its citizens need certain virtues. These include a sense of equality, simplicity, and to sacrifice for the public good.
45
Louisiana Purchase
The United States’ purchase from France (Napoleon) in 1803 of land west of the Mississippi. Jefferson purchased all 800,000 square miles for $15 million.
46
Lewis and Clark expeditions
The expeditions from 1804-1806 that explored the Louisiana Territory.
47
Pioneer
They lived in permanent homes on farms and brought civilization to the frontier. Last to enter frontier region.
48
Rendezvous
A meeting or get together agreed in on advance with mountain men
49
Assimlate
To adopt to dominate culture
50
South Pass-
51) South Pass- A low lying area through the Rocky Mountains in that is now Wyoming. Many trails west used this pass to get through the Rocky Mtns. (i.e. Mormon and Oregon Trail)
51
52) Oregon Trail-
The most famous route to the Pacific Northwest from Independence, Missouri to the Columbia River.
52
Oregon Country-
The vast region of the Northwest surrounding the Columbia, Snake, and Fraser Rivers claimed by the British.
53
Emigrant-
A person who leaves one place for another.
54
Mormonism-
A religion founded by Joseph Smith in 1820. After Smith’s death, followers followed Brigham Young to the Rocky Mountains as the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS). The term Mormon comes from the Book of Mormon.
55
Adams-Onis Treaty-
Signed in 1819, Spain sold Florida to the United States for $5 million.
56
Missouri River-
To start the expedition it was the river which Lewis and Clark and other men traveled up in flat bottomed river boats called pirogues.
57
Tributary-
A river that flows into a larger river.
58
Zebulon Pike-
An army officer who lead an expedition in 1805 to the Southern half of the Louisiana purchase. He was hired to find the head waters of the Red River, but never found it. He never climbed the famous peak in Colorado that bears his name.
59
Sacajawea/Shoshoni Indians-
- She was a teenage Indian who helped navigate Lewis and Clark as they explored the Louisiana Purchase. This nomadic tribe gave horses to the expedition that was invaluable to the success of the journey to the Pacific Ocean.
60
Mormon Trail -
A wagon train led by Brigham Young in 1847 to present day Utah to avoid religious persecution. Known as the “Great Migration”
61
Santa Fe Trail -
An international trade route between the U.S.A and Mexico. Pioneered by William Becknell it connected Missouri with Santa Fe Mexico. Americans who used this trail went to Mexico for cheap land and caused tensions that led to Texas independence.
62
Indian Removal Act-
The 1830 law that authorized the president to move Eastern Indians to public lands west of the Mississippi.
63
Relocate-
To move to another location.
64
Trail of Tears-
The forced journey of the Cherokee Indians from their homes in Georgia to the lands in the West in 1838-1839.
65
Andrew Jackson-
Our 7th president elected in 1829. Elected as a man of the frontier. He wrote Indian Removal Act. Nicknamed “Old Hickory.”
66
Dawes Act -
A federal law that intended to turn turn Native american into farmers and land owners.
67
Carlisle School -
Indian boarding school in Penn. 1879- 1918 - Used to assimilate Indians toward the white European culture.
68
Chief Justice John Marshall -
A supreme court justice that voted in favor in letting Native Americas stay on native land in Georgia. President Jackson response was “Him and what army”- He refused to listen to the higher court.
69
70) Oregon Treaty
Polk used the slogan “Fifty-four Forty or Fight” to seal this agreement making the 49th parallel dividing British North America and the United States in 1846.
70
71)James K. Polk
71)James K. Polk - Our 11th president. He told Congress,” Mexico has invaded our territory and shed American blood upon American soil.”
71
72)Adams-Onis Treaty
Signed in 1819, Spain sold Florida to the United States for $5 million.
72
73)Mexican Cession
The land that Mexico Ceded to the US in 1848 under the terms of the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo.
73
74)Gadsen Purchase
The deal from Mexico that got New Mexico and Arizona for $10 million.
74
75)California Gold Rush
The mass migration in California following the discovery of gold in 1849.
75
Forty-Niner
A person who took part in the California Gold Rush.
76
77)Boom Town-
Town that grows rapidly in population as a result of sudden prosperity. (i.e. San Francisco)
77
78)Cede-
To give up.
78
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo-
The treaty that ended the Mexican/American war and made the Rio Grande boundary to Texas.
79
Chapultepec-
A Mexican military academy in Mexico City that was defended by young Mexicans in the Mexican-American war. Captured by US forces 1847. Last battle in the Mexican American War.
80
The Battle of Goliad –
More than 300 of Fannin’s men were gunned down after the Alamo by Santa Anna.
81
Tejano-
A Mexican living in Texas in the 1800‘s.
82
Battle of the Alamo-
1836 an attack with a mission (a church) in San Antonio by Mexican forces during the Texas revolution. Started over a cannon
83
Battle of San Jacinto-
1836 battle in which Texan force under Santa Anna were defeated by, Sam Houston and lost independence to Texas.
84
Annex-
Add to existing country or area.
85
Mexican War- The 1846- 1848 war.
- The 1846-1848 war. Known as Polk’s War. It completed Manifest Destiny.
86
86)Abolitionist
A person who worked in the movement to do away with slavery. Feelings started in the First Great Awakening in the north.
87
87)Salem Witch Trials-
Trials in 1692 in the COLONY of Salem, Massachusetts that led to 20 peoples’ death after young girls charged people with practicing witchcraft.
88
88)First Great Awakening-
Religious movement in the 13 colonies around 1740. Descibed the agonies of Hell & urged people to go to church and repent their sins. Start of anti-slavery in the north.
89
89)Conestoga Wagon-
A horse pulled covered wagon with wide wheels, curved wagon bed, and an arched canvas top.
90
89)Conestoga Wagon-
A horse pulled covered wagon with wide wheels, curved wagon bed, and an arched canvas top.
91
Mill-
A machine that processes materials such as grain. Used water power and were in the north.
92
Cotton Gin-
A machine designed to separate seeds from cotton fiber created by Eli Whitney. The machine increased the demand for slaves in the south.
93
92)Soil Exhaustion-
The overuse of fertile soil. Plantations went west as cotton used up the nutrients of the soil.
94
Sectionalism
Loyalty to local interests. One of the issues that divided people was the issue of slavery.
95
Missouri Compromise/Compromise of 1820-
Act in 1820 admitting Missouri as a slave state, Maine as a free state, and forbidding slavery north of the 36 30’ line.
96
95)Popular Sovereignty-
The pre civil war policy of allowing the voters in a territory to decide whether or not to allow slavery
97
96)Kansas-Nebraska Act-
The 1854 law creating the territories of Kansas and Nebraska and allowing settlers there to decide whether to permit slavery. POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY. Both pro and anti slavery forces used violence to control people’s votes.
98
97)Three – Fifths
Created with the Constitution in 1778 to count FIVE slaves as THREE people for the census in the House of Reps. (CONGRESS) = House of Reps and Senate to create laws in the U.S.
99
98)Economy-
The way people use resources to make a living.
100
99)Middle Passage-
The journey lasting 3 months of slave ships c
101
100)Slave
Laws controlling treatment of slaves. Specific rules on what slaves could and couldn’t do on the plantation.
