MRCPsychmentor

Question 1

WhoWho came up with the attenuation theory of selective attention?

Answer 1

Treisman’s attenuation model

• Rather than a filter there is an attenuator that weakens items
• Has a dictionary component whereby certain words require less to be for attention - e.g. names

Question 2

Who came up with the concept of the sick role?

Answer 2

Talcott Parson’s

Proposed the sick role as temporary and medical form of deviant behaviour:
- The sick person is exempt from normal social roles
- The sickness is outside of their control
- The sick person must seek competent and technical help
- It is the duty of the sick person to get better - with the help of the doctor

Question 3

Who came up with 5 stage power theory and outline it?

Answer 3

Raven and French (1959)

• Legitimate power - the power of an oranisation
• Expert power - the power that arises by having expert skills
• Reward power - the power that arises by being able to provide rewards
• Coercive power - the power that arises from manipulating people
• Referent power - the power that arises from being charismatic

Social power - the power to influence people
Outcome power - power to be able to give outcomes
Counterbalance power - power from the repressed against the elite

Question 4

In Bion’s group theory what are the two types of group?

Answer 4

Working group - functioning well that get thing’s done

Basic assumption group - do not function well and are acting out primitive fantasy’s. The basic assumption group has a unconscious collective that protects them from painful anxiety.

Question 5

What is social capital?

Answer 5

Features of social life, norms, networks and trust that allow groups to act more effectively together and achieve shared objectives:
- Structural component
- Cognitive component

Question 6

What is pragnanz?

Answer 6

The law or symmetry and order associated with gestalt psychology (a central law) - here objects are perceived in a way that the stimulus is seen as simple as possible

Question 7

What are Thomas and Chess’ three temperamental types of children?

Answer 7

They found 65% of children fit in one of these three mould

Easy child (40%) - regular, adaptable, approachable, mild reactivity, positive mood

Difficult child (10%) - polar opposite of easy child

Slow to warm up (15%) - moderate negative ideas to begin with however warm up

Question 8

Describe Bion’s basic group assumptions?

Answer 8

• Dependency –> groups turn towards a leader to protect them from anxiety
• Fight or flight –> an internal or external source is found as the root of the problem. Once this is eliminated another gets created
• Pairing two members –> hostile or friendly provides the answer to the problem

Question 9

Name a scale for suggestibility?

Answer 9

Gudjonsson suggestibility scale

Question 10

Differentiate escape and avoidance conditioning?

Answer 10

Avoidance - the stimulus has not occurred yet and behaviour is done to prevent its onset

Escape/aversive - the stimulus is present and behaviour is done to terminate it

Question 11

Otto Kernberg is a neo-freudian responsible for…

Answer 11

Transference focussed psychotherapy

Question 12

Changing your behaviour as you are being observed is an indication of the?

Answer 12

Hawthorne effect

Question 13

Does temporal conditioning involve a conditioned stimulus?

Answer 13

No

Question 14

What can help differentiate depression from grief?

Answer 14

Is the guilt generalised

Question 15

When is grief termed chronic?

Answer 15

After 6 months

Question 16

Declaration of Lisbon is?

Answer 16

An international statement setting the rights of patients

Question 17

What did Louis Thurstone argue?

Answer 17

That intelligence could not be measured by a single factor that 7 primary abilities make up intelligence these include:

• Word fluency
• Verbal comprehension
• Spatial visualization
• Number facility
• Associative memory
• Reasoning
• Perceptual speed

Question 18

What is multiculuturalism that occurs without significant planning?

Answer 18

Laissez-Faire

Question 19

Who came up with a 5 stage model of psychosocial development using age based rather than event based?

Answer 19

• Daniel Levinson:

Pre-adulthood stage (age 0 – 22)
Early adulthood stage (age 17 – 45)
Middle adult stage (age 40 – 65)
Late adulthood stage (age 60 – 85)
Late late adult stage (age 80 plus)

Each transition takes 5 years - midlife transition is between years 40-45

Question 20

Which tanner stage does pubertal growth spurt occur in males?

Answer 20

Stages 3-4

For Females in occurs in stages 2-3

Question 21

Which type of attachment is calmed equally well with mother and stranger?

Answer 21

Insecure avoidant

Question 22

Is there a risk of Turner’s syndrome in successive pregnancies?

Answer 22

No

Random process can be due to maternal/paternal deletion

Treatment often with growth hormones

Features are short stature, webbed neck, hypothyroidism, broad chest, gonadal dysfunction (amenorrhoea and infertility), congenital cardiac dysfunction (occurs in a 1/3 of cases)

Question 23

What is the mean age of onset for puberty in males and females?

Answer 23

Females 11 years, 8-14 years (range of onset)

Males 12 years, 9-14 years (range of onset)

Question 24

What gene is affected in Rett’s syndrome?

Answer 24

MECP2 (Xq28)

Question 25

In attachment theory what is the name given to the child's perception of the external world came across by their attachments?

Answer 25

John Bowlby's internal working model

Question 26

How many standard deviations below the mean IQ would an individual be expected to have an intellectual disability

Answer 26

2

Question 27

When does the Menarche occur in females?

Answer 27

Tanner stage IV

Question 28

What is the epigenic principle in Erikson's theory of psychosocial development?

Answer 28

That personality develops in a predetermined order built upon each previous stage