Mrs.davis final exam Flashcards
(219 cards)
1
Q
What method of tree harvesting involves removing all but a few selected trees
A
Selection cutting
2
Q
What forms at the base of a petiole to sever a leaf from a branch
A
Abscission layer
3
Q
What structures on a stem allow air to enter the stem and provide for respiration
A
Lenticels
4
Q
What is the portion of a stem between 2 leaves or 2 places where leaves once grew
A
Internode
5
Q
What is the talllest tree species
A
Coast redwood
6
Q
What are the oldest known organisms on earth
A
Bristlecone pine
7
Q
What is another name for broadleaf trees
A
Hardwood trees
8
Q
Which type of root grows from a plant’s stem, branches, leaves or mature woody roots
A
Adventitious roots
9
Q
What type of gymnosperms has no branches and frond-like leaves
A
Cycad
10
Q
What system of forest management causes the forest to grow more high quality trees that mature faster than they normally would
A
Sustained yeild management
11
Q
What type of inscet has a strong beak that it uses to pierce the plants stem
A
Sap-sucking insects
11
Q
In a dichotomous identification key, how many choices are there at each question
A
2
12
Q
An annual growth ring is made of 2 layers, a lighter outer layer with large vessels and a darker inner layer with smaller vessels. What is the lighter outer layer called
A
Soringwood
12
Q
What type of insects either kills the tree or weakens it so that the wind can easily blow it over
A
Wood-eating inscets
13
Q
What is the food-storing central core of a young woody stem
A
Pith
14
Q
What term refers to trees that keep their leaves year round
A
Evergreen
14
Q
What is the rough outer covering of a tree
A
Bark
15
Q
What are the most common gymnosperms
A
Conifers
16
Q
what is the science of managing and studying forests called
A
forestry
17
Q
once a leaf falls off, what is all that remains on the tree
A
leaf scar
18
Q
what is the process of removing trees for human use
A
tree harvesting
19
Q
what is the main stem of a tree called
A
trunk
19
Q
what system recycles carbon and oxygen in the environment
A
carbon-oxygen cycle
20
Q
what is the debris that loggers leave on the forest floor called
A
slash
20
what is the ring of growth cells that separates a tree's bark from the woody tissues
vascular cambium
21
what is the largest forest region
northern forest
22
the most heavily managed forest region
southern forest
23
contains the greatest variety of tree species
central broadleaf forest
24
produces the largest % of wood and paper products
Pacific coast forest
25
extends from Canada to mexico
rocky mountain forest
26
stretches from Delaware to FL and west Oklahoma to Texas
southern forest
27
the spiny trees especially designed for life in the desert area called ____
cacti
28
the pint beyond which conditions are unsuitable for tree growth is the ____
treeline
29
a forest differs from a woodland because a forest has a top layer of interlaced leaves called ____
canopy
30
a point on a stem that a leaf grows from is a ____
node
31
a object that produces carbon dioxide is a carbon ___
source
32
a tree that loses its leaves in the fall and remains bare in the winter is a ___ tree
deciduous
33
the main tissue of a tree trunk is called a _____
wood
34
growth of a tree in length is ____ growth
primary growth
35
the type of fire that burns the bottom portion and lower limbs of a tree and the surrounding shrubbery is a ____ fire
surface
36
a forest that has trees of many different ages and has many fallen, dead trees is a ____ forest
old-growth
37
growth of a stem in diameter is called ___ growth
secondary
38
skylar's grandparents live on a old farm. science her grandparents don't grow crops on the farm they have allowed some of the fields to grow up into a forest. what type of forest is this
secondary forest
39
while observing the trees in the backyard, you notice one of the trees is producing abnormal growths. which type of insect is infecting this tree
gall-making insects
40
when a leaf has too much water inside itself, it allows the water to leave through pours called stoma. what structure keeps water from leaving the leaf when the stoma are closed
cuticle
41
a landowner wishes to harvest a stand of loblolly pine and grow a new stand. a Forester recommends that all of the trees be removed at the same time. what method of tree harvesting is this
clear-cutting
42
name a difference between tree and a shrub
a shrub has several equally large stems instead of 1 main stem
43
a tree with several main branches close to the ground had ____ branches
spreading
44
the hard, inactive, dead wood of a tree is the ____
heartwood
45
the type of leaves that contain more chlorophyll and are found at the bottom of the tree are ____ leaves
shade
46
a root that goes deep into the ground and has secondary roots branching off the main root is a ____
taproot
47
any system or object that absorbs carbon dioxide from the environment is called a carbon _____
sink
48
the structure that allows a twig to grow in length is a ___ bud
terminal
49
setting fire to a forest under controlled conditions is ____ burning
prescribed
50
the scientific restoration of forest is called ___
reforestation
51
a stem produces new branches using ____ bud
lateral
52
the top portion of the a tree, which includes the branched and leaves, is the ____
crown
53
a animal that eats vegetation is a ___
herbivore
54
a animal that eats both vegetation and meat is a __
omnivore
55
a animal that eats primarily meat is a ____
carnivore
56
these type of teeth are found in the back of the mouth and used for grinding
molars
57
these type of teeth are found towards the front of the mouth and are used for cutting and biting
incisors
58
the ___ rolls into a ball when threatened
armadillo
59
large groups of bats are called ____
colonies
60
sloths and anteaters are ____
xenarthrans
61
the tamandua is a anteater with a ____ tail
prehensile tail
62
the slowest moving mammals is the ____
sloth
63
lions travel in groups called ___
prides
64
what are primates with prehensile tails, round nostrils, hairless faces, and thick wooly fur
new world monkeys
65
what is a small, rounded-bodied insectivore that is covered in black, and had barbless spines
hedgehog
66
what is a internal skeleton made of bone and muscle called
endoskeleton
67
what is winter dormancy in mammals called
hibernation
68
what are specialized structures surrounded by nerve endings that make them very sensitive (another name for whiskers)
vibrissae
69
what are the group of primates without tails
apes
70
what is a small insectivore that burrows under the ground in search of earthworms and small invertebrates
mole
71
a animal's ability to blend into its environment is called ____
camouflage
72
a ___ whale is made of comb-like plates that cross the mouth and filters the whale's food
baleen
73
____ are short and compact, short and blunt nose, flat and spade shaped, and the dorsal fin is triangular
porpoise
74
elephants are in the order ___
probscidea
75
wolves, dingoes, coyotes, jackals, and foxes are in the order ___
canidae
76
whales belong to the order ____
cetacea
77
___ are aquatic carnivores quite notable for their size and huge canines
walruses
78
___ group of carnivores are considered the only true carnivores
felidae
79
3 characteristics that are common to all __ are they are warm blooded, have a 4 chambered heart, and have hair
mammals
80
3 types of ___ include hedgehogs, shrews, and moles
insectivores
81
the smartest primate is the ___
chimpanzee
82
the largest mustelid is the ________
wolverine
83
true or false: the summer dormancy is called hibernation
false
84
true or false: a animal that regulates its it temp internally is called cold-blooded
false/warm-blooded
85
true or false: a bat creates a mental picture of its surroundings using its gps system
false/echolocation
86
true or false: the only flying mammals are the bats of the order insectivore
false/in order Chiroptera
87
true or false: meat is the primary food of the members of the order carnivora
true
88
true or false: mustelids are carnivores known for their beautiful pelts, but awful smell
true
89
true or false: 2 layers of hair found on many mammals are the guard hair and undertow
false/underhair
90
true or false: toothed whales have balean for catching prey
false
91
true or false
bears are in the order carnivora but are best described as omnivores
true
92
true or false
blubber is the name of the insulating fat found on walruses and seals
true
93
which of the following is not a lagomorph? hare, rabbit, beaver, or pika
beaver
94
what is the general name for a animal that chews the cud
ruminants
95
what hoofed mammal is one of africa's most deadly animals
hippo
96
_____ refers to a species that has declined in # until it completely died out
extinct
97
the largest hopping mammal is the ___
kangaroo
98
this marsupial is known for playing dead
opossum
99
this marsupial eats mainly on eucalyptus leaves
koala bear
100
this pouchless marsupial eats termites
numbat
101
this monotreme is known for its duck like bill
platypus
102
which sirenian's rear fins is rounded like a paddle
manatee
103
which is another name for a pangolin
scaly anteater
104
what is the name for mammals with hooves
ungulates
105
rodents have ___ upper incisors
2
106
the lonely ___ is the only species in the order tubulidentata
aardvark
107
the ___ is the largest rodent
capybara
108
true or false
the bovid head structure that consists of a bony core surrounded by a hollow sheath of hardened skin is a antler
false
109
true or false
ungulates are distinguished from other mammals by the presence of horns
false
110
true or false
the giraffe is the tallest living animal
true
111
true or false
the largest group of mammals are the lagomorphs
false
112
true or false
a beavers nest is called a drey
false
113
true or false
the sirenian that has a forked, whale like tail is the dugong
true
114
true or false
because they reproduce by laying eggs, tapirs are opivparous
false
115
true or false
the equids include donkeys, zebras, and horses
true
116
true or false
the substance contained in camel's hump is water
false/fat
117
what are the smallest chlorophyl-containing organisms
algae
118
microrganisms that live near the surface of the water and provide food for larger organisms are _____
plankton
119
a colony is a ______ of algae living together
cluster
120
the most numerous of yellow algae are ______
diatoms
121
yeast reproduce through the process of _____
budding
122
_____ is a jelly-like substance that gives food like ice cream a smooth, creamy texture
carrageenan
123
_____ are a fungi that are a household problem because they grow on food
molds
124
the ____ is the part of the mushroom that is composed of the stalk and cap
fruiting body
125
2 parasitic club fungi that badly damage crops each year are rusts and _____
smuts
126
this species of bacteria has given us much of our present understanding of heredity
e coli
127
_______ are the animal-like organisms made up of a single cell
protozoa
128
what is the sporosoan disease spread by the anopheles mosquito
malaria
129
____ is known as the father of microbiology
Anton van leeuwenhoek
130
___ is a spore-forming protozoa
sprozoa
131
the ___ is a whip-like organ used by a euglena for locomotion
flagellum
132
the funnel-like depression that runs along one side of a paramecium's body is called the _____
oral grove
133
the eyespot is a small spot of ______-sensitive pigment that aids photosynthesis
light
134
protozoa that can be distinguished by their unique slipper shape and the cilia that completely cover them is called ________
paramecia
135
the elastic "holding tanks" that collect and dispose of excess water within protozoa are called _______
contractile vacuoles
136
the best known sarcodine is the _______
amoeba
137
true or false
brown algae lives at greater depths and in warmer waters than red algae
false
138
true or false
fungi are considered saprophytes because most obtain their nourishment from dead and decaying organisms
true
139
true or false
bracket fungi and mushrooms grow at the same rate
false
140
______ are flagellate that resembles both plants and animals
euglena
141
_____ are organisms with organized nuclei
eukaryotes
142
the transmission of characteristics from parent to offspring is _______
heredity
143
_____ is the scientific study of heredity
genetics
144
what substance stores the information and determines the genetic trait
DNA
145
fertilization is the union of the _______
gametes
146
____ are protein producing factories in the cytoplasm
ribosomes
147
when a organism has 2 identical alleles for the same gene this is known as ______
homozygous
148
when a dominant trait shows up in the offspring even if a allele for a different trait is also present this is known as the law of______
dominance
149
the type of rerproduction that doesn't involve the union of gametes is _____
asexual
150
what plant did mandel use for his experiments
pea
151
a _____ is one way to determine the possible traits of the offspring
punnet square
152
there is a dominant heterozygous organism which set of letters should represent this organism
Bb
153
the _____ is the actual combination of alleles that a organism has for a particular trait
genotype
154
a trait that doesn't appear in the offspring when the dominant allele is present is a _____ trait
recessive
155
_____ is the type of cell division that involves the union of the gametes
meiosis
156
_______ is the type of reproduction that produce offspring identical to the parent
asexual
157
there is a organism that has a recessive trait which letters would represent the organism
bb
158
the lens that you look through at the top of the microscope is the _____
eyepiece
159
to bring the microscope image into sharper focus, use the _____ adjustment knob
fine
160
the most important part of the cell, which acts as the control center is the _____
nucleus
161
structures that can be seen with out eyes alone are considered ____
macroscopic
162
the majority of cellular respiration takes place in the ______
mitochondria
163
the jelly-like liquid that makes up the largest part of the cell is the ______
cytoplasm
164
____ was the 1st person to write a book on cells
robert hooke
165
the energy unit produced in cellular respiration is ______
ATP
166
RNA is produced through the process of _____
translation
167
when gametes unite, the fertilized egg cell is formed is called a ______
zygote
168
______ was the scientist that used the pea plant to help explain punnett squares
mendel
169
true or false
the amount of light passing through the microscope slide is determined by the fine adjustment knob
false
170
true or false
the slide is placed on the part of the microscope is called the stage
true
171
true or false
a pedigree chart shows a family tree for the traits being studied
true
172
true or false
transcription is copying RNA into a molecule of DNA
false
173
true or false
1 difference between a animal cell and a plant cell is a animal cell has a cell wall
false
174
the idea that nature is God is called ______
pantheism
175
the maximum # of organisms of a species that a ecosystem can support is called ______
carrying capacity
176
the struggle against other organisms for needed resources is called _____
competition
177
the responsibility God gave man to take care of the earth as he uses it is called ______
stewardship
178
a organism that can make its own food is known as a _____
autotroph
179
the process in which a new ecosystem develops after a ecosystem is damaged or destroyed is known as a ______
ecological succession
180
____ is a condition that describes organisms that live in close association with each other
symbiosis
181
_____ is a organism that consumes detritus but cannot convert it into nutrients for the soil
detritivore
182
____ organism that feeds on detritus and breaks it into nutrients that are returned to the soil
decomposer
183
a environment and all its organisms from a ____-
ecosystem
184
____ is a organism that feed on dead animals instead of hunting live animals are called _____
scavenger
185
what is a organism's occupation with in its environment called
niche
186
the dominant plant species in a biome is called the _____
climax vegetation
187
in this biome conifers are the dominant vegetation
boreal forest
188
this biome contains the prairies and the plains and I'd filled with fertile soil
grassland
189
this biome had no trees because the growing season is too short
tundra
190
this biome is the hottest and dryest
desert
191
this biome has a dense canopy of trees, vines, and flowering plants and is a hot humid region near the equator
boreal forest
192
what type of biochemical cycles recycles nutrients found in soil and rocks
sedimentary cycle
193
what is the # and variety of species in a environment called
biodiversity
194
what is the layer of earth where life exists called
biosphere
195
what nutritional relationship involves 1 animal hunting another animal for food
predation
196
what happens to a desert that has reached its carrying capacity for rattlesnakes but continues to receive rattlesnakes with in the ecosystem
overpopulation
197
a organism that feeds on dead and decaying organic matter is a ______
saprophyte
198
all the organisms of 1 species in a ecosystem is a _____
niche
199
together all the living things in a ecosystem are the _____
community
200
the study of how living things interact with each other and their physical environment is called ______
ecology
201
a organism that relies on other organisms for food is called a ______
heterotroph
202
all the living factors in a environment are the ____ factors
biotic
203
all the nonliving factors in the environment are the _____ factors
biotic
204
the ability of organism to withstand changes within its environment is called the ______
tolerance range
205
when a organism has the factors that allow it to live at its best is known as _____
optimum range
206
permantly frozen ground is called a _____
permafrost
207
____ is the preservation, management, and care of natural resources
conservation
208
a biome that consists of climax vegetation and the dominant animal species is called ____
climax community
209
a ____ is a model that shows all the feeding relationship in a ecosystem
food web
210
a organism that eats plants directly is called a _____
primary consumer
211
a organism that eats primary consumers is called a _____
secondary consumer
212
the layer of the biosphere that is made up of the land is called the _____
lithosphere
213
the layer of the biosphere that contains air is called the ____
atmosphere
214
the layer of the biosphere that is made up of water is called the ___
hydrophere
