MS and GBS Flashcards
Chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system
MS (muiltple sclerosis)
Attacks/damages myelin, the protective covering of the nerves, causing inflammation
MS
MS pervalence
Diagnosis between ages of 20 and 49 (possibly at younger or older age too)
Women are 3 times more likely to be diagnosed than men
three types of MS
Relapsing-remitting MS - most common form of MS, people experience clear episodes of neurological symptoms, followed by periods of partial or complete recovery (remissions). During remissions, symptoms may improve or disappear altogether.
Secondary-progressive MS- Initially, starts as relapsing-remitting MS, but over time, it transitions into a phase where the disease progressively worsens, with or without relapses.
Primary Progressive MS- characterized by a gradual worsening of neurological function from the onset, without clear relapses or remissions.
demyelination process of MS
targets the Myelin Sheath (fatty capsules) that surround the axons of thebodies nerves. Replacing the insulating myelinwith scar tissue, known as Sclerosis.
The effects of demyelination will present differently for every patient dealing with Multiple Sclerosis
cognitive and motor issues with MS
Symptoms that can appear might be difficulty with concentration, memory, slower processing speed.
the brain has difficulty with sending signals. Symptoms can be balancing issues, lack of coordination (ataxia), pain, weakness, spasticity (increased muscle tone, stiffness).
sensory and visual issues with MS
tingling, numbness and changes in feeling can change when there are either disrupted and or no signal sent because of myelin sheath damage
Vision problems can be temporary or permanent and are from inflammation of the optic nerve. Symptoms can be blurriness, diplopia, and some vision loss.
speech, respiratory and autonomic function issues (MS)
affects muscles involved in speech (Dysarthria)
breathing difficulties
bladder and bowel issues, heat sensitivity
role of OTA for MS
Work on Fine Motor Coordination and Dexterity of The UE (specifically hands) for Individuals with MS.
ex
Thera putty: Thera putty helps with functional grasping (e.g. working on tripod grip will help them work up to hold a pencil)
Role of PTA for MS
core strength exercises
Inflammatory disorder of the peripheral nerves outside the brain and spinal cord
GBS (Gillian barre syndrome)
Rapid onset of symptoms, very unpredictable at first
Many variants
GBS (Gillian barre syndrome)
how long does GBS last
days to months (usually 4 weeks) usually can recover fully but there is achance you still carry some symptoms
what is the most common cause of GBS
50% of cases occur shortly after a microbial infection (viral or bacterial,e.g.flu, foodpoisoning),
Some theories suggest an auto=immune trigger
how is myelin affected in GBS
Myelin sheaths increase the conduction of action potentials, leading to efficient communication between neurons/nerves
signs and symptoms of GBS
Muscle weakness (that progresses to flaccid paralysis).
Paresthesia (tingling and numbness) and pain
Dysarthria (difficulty speaking) and Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing).
Clumsiness and imbalance.
pain from foot shooting up
sensory and cognition affected by GBS
pain, numbness, temperature sensitivity, and tingling.
difficulties walking due to pain and the ‘pins and needles’ sensation
Cognition is typically not affected. Can be indirectly affected due to fatigue, pain, and medication side effects.
Role of OTA for GBS
proper positioning to avoid pressure injuries due to sensation loss
role of PTA for GBS
ROM and strength exercises (passive and active assisted)
name one MS and one GBS association in canada
MS Canada- peer support groups
guillian barre syndrome foundation of Canada - resourses and support
which condition is more rare
GBS
