Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physiotherapy Across the Lifespan > MS in Paeds > Flashcards

MS in Paeds Flashcards

1
Q

Variants in skeletal development

A

Upto 12 months - bowleg
3-4 yrs - genu valgum
7-adulthood - straightens

females have > valgus throughout adulthood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is normal alignment at birth

A

Kyphosis from Cx to sacrum
Hips flexion+ER
Varus feet
IR tibia

  • this lengthens out over time
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

MS assessment of the infant

A

Symmetry
Skull shape
Mm bulk
Joint range

Lower back:
tufts of hair
spinal alignment
ROM of hips/knees/feet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Describe what positional plagiocephaly is and the different types

A

-misshapen head; balances out within 6 weeks; nothing wrong with brain development

Lateral deformational plagiocephaly

  • ipsilateral temporal skull growth
  • ipsilat ear anteriorly displaced
  • flattening posterolateral of skull only

Posterior plagiocephaly

  • central posterior
  • widening of posterior
  • temporal bossing
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Plagiocephaly - treatment/prevention

A
  • Education
  • Counter positioning
  • Environmental set up
  • Active positioning
  • Helmet (only good before sutures close 10-12 months)
  • Treat causative factors (eg. if increased extensor tone causing baby to push head back then treat that)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Congenital muscle toricollis

A
  • named for the SCM affected
  • earlier treatment starts (6 weeks to 2 months) the better; consider implications for plagiocephaly
  • 3 types:
    Positional
    Muscular
    SCM mass
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Neonatal brachial plexus palsy

A
  • traction to BP during birth - C5-6 most common
  • large baby, shoulder getting stuck behind pubis (dystocia)

Will show:

  • waiters tip posture (wrist flexion/pronation, elbow extension, shoulder IR)
  • no response to stimulation
  • 70-80% get better spontaneously
  • nerve recovery complete in a few months
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

BP Assessment+Treatment

A 
Assessment:
History
Look
Move - PROM/AROM
Test - developmental/functional assessment

Treatment:

  • maintain PROM
  • faciliate active movements
  • strengthening/surgery/splinting (casting, night splints, orthotics, stretching)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Development dysplasia of the hip

A
  • d/t mm imbalance over time/shallow acetabulum/lig laxity
RFs:
- females 
- 1st born
- family history
ALSO - breech position, excessive swaddling, neuro conditoins, neuro conditions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Signs of DDH/Tests for DDH/Treatment

A

Galeazzi sign
Asymmetrical knee creases
Limited/aysmmetrical hip ABD

Tests:
Ortolani (prying open)/Barlow (pushing down and out)
US

Treatment:
paediatric orthopod
Pavlik harness
Surgery
Education/proper handling
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Metatarsus Adductus

A
  • flexible or rigid; cosmetic condition only - its overtreated!
  • use heel bisector line to Dx
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Talipes calcaneovalgus

A
  • forefoot curved laterally
  • hindfoot valgus
  • excessive DF
  • resolves spontenously if postural
  • might need splinting if very stiff
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Postural Talipes equinovarus (TEV) and Congenital Talipes Equinovarus (CTEV)

A

TEV - normal foot position can be reached passively

CTEV - structural; changes occur 6-8 weeks in utero; needs a lot of management; Ponsetti method used to treat
- cavus, adductus, varus of heel, equinus
- if not treated - you’ll walk on outside of foot - will ruin the foot by teens!
- Ponsetti = series of casts to change foot structure
> going from inv/add to ev/abd
> sets them up for surgery - when 45º abd/lateral head of talus no longer bulging out
>surgery = achilles tenotomy; then casted -ABD(60º)+DF (10º) - 3 months 23 hrs/day; then 12 hrs/night till age 4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does pGALS include?

A 
Obs
Gait (heel/toe)
Hands to ceiling
Hands behind head
MSF
Hip IR
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the prognosis of fractures dependent on?

A

Age
Site of fracture
Type of fracture
Blood supply

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Rx for #?

A
  • position + immobilise
  • ensure proper circulation
  • plaster care and post cast management
17
Q

Osteomyelitis vs Septic Arthritis

A

Osteomyelitis

  • infection of the bone spread from infection or puncture wound
  • subacute/NWB/wont use limb
  • pain on movement
  • painful, red+tender+swelling
  • Rx = curetting of bone/ABs/PKs/immob

Septic arthritis

  • bacterial infection of synovial joint entering into bloodstream from puncture wound or infection in surrounding bone
  • acute
  • pain on movement and rest
  • other just like above - except aspiration of fluid
18
Q

Describe Perthes

A
  • AVN of the capital femoral epiphysis
  • destroys articular cortex - mushroom deformity
  • limp towards the end of the day
  • limited ABD+IR
  • shorter leg on affected side
  • quads wasting
19
Q

What is the treatment for Perthes?

A

Younger kids:

  • just monitor
  • avoid WB until the joint has recovered
  • give kids another way to burn energy

Adults:

  • rest period needed; crutches or wheelchari might be needed upto 1 yr
  • bracing or plaster casting?
  • surgery
20
Q

Describe SCFE

A
  • OBESE kids - 90% of cases; assoc with females + long limbs
  • femoral neck slips superior+anterior
  • d/t weakness of growth plate
21
Q

What are the findings for SCFE?

A
  • overweight
  • limp
  • foot+knee ER
  • shorter leg on affected side
  • pain in groin/medial thigh/knee
  • reduced ABD+IR
22
Q

What is Rx for SCFE?

A
  • minimize displacement + degeneration

Surgery:

  • OR + realignment + fixation
  • important to maintain blood supply - or else perthes!
Post op:
Broomstick plaster (stick between feet)
bed rest 1 week
NWB 6 weeks; PWB 20% increase each week
Hydrotherapy week 3
23
Q

JIA + S/Sx?

A
  • inflammation of 1+ joints for 6 or more weeks
  • F>M
  • > 80% have daily pain
  • 85% affects ADLs

S/Sx:

  • swelling
  • pain/irritable
  • limp
  • weight loss
  • mm wasting
  • AM stiffness
  • fever
  • unexplained rash
24
Q

What are the subgroups of JIA?

A

Oligoarticular:

  • upto 4 joints affected
  • dismissed as growing pains

Polyarticular:

  • 5+ joints affected
  • aggressive
  • LT disability

Systemic:

  • unwell/fever/rash
  • cardiac/liver/lymph involved as well

Others:
Enthesitis related arthritis
Psoriatic arthritis

25
Q

What does an assessment of JIA involve? Management?

A 
Px scale
pGALS+REMS
AROM/PROM
6MWT
QOL measure

Management:

  • MDT
  • drugs
  • PT/OT
26
Q

Treatment of JIA?

A

Hydroptherapy
Ex
Ice/heat
Splinting/serial casting

Physiotherapy Across the Lifespan (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions