MS LEC Monthlies Death and Dying

Question 1

subjective; Any situation, either actual, potential, or perceived, wherein a valued object or person is changed or no longer accessible to the individual

Answer 1

loss

Question 2

Loss of someone or something, such as the death of a loved one or the theft of one’s property

Answer 2

actual loss

Question 3

sense of loss felt by an individual but not tangible to others, such as the perceived loss of self-esteem of a student who was not accepted into a nursing program

Answer 3

perceived loss

Question 4

Loss of a part or aspect of the body, such as the loss of an extremity in an accident, scarring from burns, or permanent injury

Answer 4

physical loss

Question 5

Emotional loss, such as a woman feeling inadequate after menopause

Answer 5

psychological loss

Question 6

A series of intense physical and psychological responses that occur following a loss

Answer 6

grief

Question 7

The period of time during which grief is expressed and resolution and integration of the loss occur

6 months

there is always resolution after grief

Answer 7

mourning

Question 8

first 2 weeks

The period of grief following the death of a loved one

Period when sadness is really expressed

Answer 8

bereavement

Question 9

Kubler-Ross Stages of Grieving

Answer 9

1. Denial
2. Anger
3. Bargaining
4. Depression
5. Acceptance

Question 10

Overall right of a person in relation to death

Answer 10

to die in comfort, peace, and dignity

Question 11

physiologic needs of dying persons

Answer 11

1. relief of pain/control of pain
2. airway clearance
3. personal hygiene
4. physical mobility
5. nutrition and hydration
6. bladder and bowel elimination
7. sensory and perceptual changes

Question 12

spiritual needs of dying person

Answer 12

1. forgiveness and reconciliation
2. prayer and religious services
3. spiritual assistance
4. peace and tranquility in spirit

Question 13

signs of impending clinical death

Answer 13

1. loss of muscle tone
2. slowing of circulation
3. changes in respiration
4. sensory impairment

Question 14

changes in respiration

Answer 14

Rapid, shallow, irregular, slow respirations

death rattle, noisy breathing

Question 15

care after death: post mortem care

Answer 15

Given immediately after death but before the body is moved to the mortuary

Providing a bed bath before wrapping him up

Question 16

no pulse, no breathing; absence of beating heart; Occurs at the time of cardiac and respiratory arrest

Answer 16

clinical death

Question 17

Can be determined by cellular activities; irreversible; body cells have become anoxic; go against entropy

occurs 3 to 8 minutes later

Answer 17

biological death

Question 18

Absence of brain patterns that determine you’re still alive

Answer 18

brain death

Question 19

In religious books, you may find skeletons, bones, images of death; postcards

Answer 19

memento mori

Question 20

Body temperature decrease

initially 2 degrees in the 1st 2 hours; 1 degree/hour

loss of skin elasticity

Answer 20

algor mortis

Question 21

Blush-purple discoloration of the skin, usually at pressure points, that is a by product of red blood cell destruction

cellular death

Answer 21

liver mortis

Question 22

2 to 4 hours after death

only for 4-8 hours

The body stiffens due to contraction of skeletal and
smooth muscles

Occurs because ATP and calcium is released into the muscle

Answer 22

rigor mortis

Question 23

Does not understand concept of death; death is reversible

Answer 23

Infancy to 5 years

Question 24

Understands the death is final; death can be avoided; aggression and violence; wishes of unrelated actions

Answer 24

5 to 9 years

Question 25

Understands death as the inevitable and of life; begins to understand mortality; afterlife and fear

Answer 25

9 to 12 years

Question 26

May fantasize that death can be defied; Seldom thinks about death; May still hold concepts from previous developmental stages

Answer 26

12 to 18 years

Question 27

Has attitude toward death influenced by religious and cultural beliefs; more mature and accepts death

Answer 27

18 to 45 years

Question 28

Accepts own mortality; peak of death anxiety; Encounters death of parents and some peers

Answer 28

45 to 65 years

Question 29

fears prolonged illness; death of family; death as having multiple meanings; needs to look for new meaning

Answer 29

65+ years